Disease relevance of EPB49

• The dematin locus, 8p21.1, is distal to the known locus of human erythroid ankyrin (8p11.2) and may contribute to the etiology of hemolytic anemia in a subset of patients with severe hereditary spherocytosis [1].
• Chronic spinal dogs treated chronically with LSD became tolerant to its ability to produce mydriasis, tachycardia, tachypnea and hyperreflexia, and were cross tolerant to the ability of tryptamine, psilocin, mescaline, DMT, DOM and DOB to produce these same effects [2].
• Here we report the complete structure of the dematin gene located on human chromosome 8p21.1, a region frequently deleted in prostate cancer [3].
• At baseline the patients were evaluated according to axis I, II, V (DSM-III-R), SCID screen, SASB (Structural Analysis of Social Behavior), and DMT (Defense Mechanism Test) [4].

Psychiatry related information on EPB49

• The Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11) and a continuous performance test: the Immediate and Delayed Memory Task (IMT/DMT) were also collected [5].
• These findings contrast with the immediate hallucinogenic effects of an injection of DMT, and suggest that the extracerebral production of DMT (as measured by its urinary excretion) does not provoke the experience of hallucinations in psychotic patients [6].
• The two questionnaires used for assessing defence correlated significantly, while a scale for social desirability showed no correlation with DMT or the two defence questionnaires [7].
• Results were obtained by analysis of: (1) video tapes from the daily meetings; (2) questionnaires on group behavior and communication; (3) post-isolation interviews; and (4) personality inventories (DMT, Helmreich Test, MMPI) [8].
• One promising behavioral measure, however, is a variant of the continuous performance test, the Immediate Memory Test/Delayed Memory Test (IMT/DMT) [9].

High impact information on EPB49

• The residues critical for contacting actin are conserved throughout the beta-thymosin family and in addition to this we identify a similar pattern in the C-terminal headpiece of villin and dematin [10].
• This protein, p55, is copurified during the isolation of dematin, an actin-bundling protein of the erythrocyte membrane cytoskeleton [11].
• One EKLF target gene, dematin, which encodes an erythrocyte cytoskeletal protein (band 4.9), contains several phylogenetically conserved consensus CACC motifs predicted to bind EKLF [12].
• Our results suggest that phosphorylation of the dematin headpiece acts as a conformational switch within this headpiece domain [13].
• Dematin (band 4.9) is found in the junctional complex of the spectrin cytoskeleton that supports the erythrocyte cell membrane [13].

Biological context of EPB49

• Actin binding measurements using recombinant fusion proteins revealed that each monomer of dematin contains two F-actin binding sites: one in the headpiece domain and the other in the undefined N-terminal domain [1].
• Using somatic cell hybrid panels and fluorescence in situ hybridization, the dematin gene was localized on the short arm of chromosome 8 [1].
• One, the ABC superfamily, includes members that use ATP hydrolysis to drive drug efflux, but the MFS, RND, MATE and DMT superfamilies include members that are secondary carriers, functioning by drug:H(+)or drug:Na(+)antiport mechanisms [14].
• Our results revealed that glutathione (10.0, 5.0, 2.5, 1.0, and 0.5 mm) and NAC (10.0, 5.0, and 2.5 mm) significantly (p < 0.02) reduced oxidative DNA damage produced by VL-irradiated CQ/DMT [15].
• In this study, oxidative DNA damage produced by VL-irradiated CQ/DMT, in the presence and absence of antioxidants (glutathione, N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), mannitol, vitamin C, and vitamin E), was measured by the conversion of PhiX-174 RF I supercoiled (SC) double-stranded plasmid DNA into open and linear forms [15].

Anatomical context of EPB49

• Human erythrocyte dematin and protein 4.2 (pallidin) are ATP binding proteins [16].
• Dematin and protein 4.2 are peripheral membrane proteins associated with the cytoplasmic surface of the human erythrocyte plasma membrane [16].
• Various studies have attempted to detect the excretion of MIAs, especially DMT, in the body fluids of psychotic patients and normal controls [17].
• ROS formation by CQ and CQ-related photosensitizers+/-dimethyl-p-toluidine (DMT) was investigated in a cell-free system with VL irradiation [18].
• Human erythroid dematin is a cytoskeletal protein capable of bundling actin filaments in vitro [3].

Associations of EPB49 with chemical compounds

• 2. The insertion sequence also includes a cysteine residue which may explain the formation of sulfhydryl-linked trimers of dematin [1].
• Inclusion of N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) (3mM), catalase (1000 U/ml) and dimethylthiourea (DMT, 5mM), and also SOD (500 U/ml) attenuated the sodium butyrate-induced ROS production in SAS cells [19].
• The final removal of acid-labile DMT and MTHP groups could be effected by 1 h treatment with 80% acetic acid of the otherwise unprotected DNA-RNA hybrids [20].
• The results with all tested acetal derivatives (Fpmp, Ctmp, Cee, THP) were much less successful due to some accompanying cleavage of internucleotidic H-phosphonate functions during removal of 5'-O-protection (DMT) [21].
• Metergoline pretreatment shifted the LSD and DMT dose-response curves for pausing to the right by a factor of 2--3, but shifted the DOM and mescaline dose-response patterns to a much greater extent [22].

Other interactions of EPB49

• In solution, dematin is a trimeric protein containing two subunits of 48 kDa and one subunit of 52 kDa [16].
• Cloning of human erythroid dematin reveals another member of the villin family [23].
• Dematin is a member of the larger class of cytoskeleton-associated proteins that contain a modular "headpiece" domain at their extreme C termini [13].
• The mechanical properties of human erythrocyte membrane are largely regulated by submembranous protein skeleton whose principal components are alpha- and beta-spectrin, actin, protein 4.1, adducin, and dematin [24].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of EPB49

• The excretion of N,N,-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) has been measured in longitudinal studies of five patients with schizophrenic illnesses and in four patients with rapidly or slowly cycling manic-depressive illness [6].
• Coupling efficiencies were 94-98% at the point of introduction of the xeno-2'-deoxynucleoside, and in all cases the mixtures of the two diastereomeric oligomers (DMT-off stage) were easily separated by HPLC [25].
• LSD and DMT reduced the alpha activity of the EEG and enhanced the amplitude of the low-frequency waves [26].
• By thin layer chromatography the product was identified as having the same Rf as authentic DMT [27].
• In addition to detailed clinical examination and resting electro-cardiogram, Master's two step exercise test (DMT) was also carried out to find out the occult and asymptomatic cardiac involvement [28].

References