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Chemical Compound Review

galactitol     hexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol

Synonyms: Mannidex, Mannigen, Gulitol, Hexitol, Mannistol, ...
 
 
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Disease relevance of sorbitol

 

Psychiatry related information on sorbitol

  • Findings in the brains of severely dehydrated animals (water deprivation and mannitol injections for 4 days) were almost identical with those seen after alloxan treatment [6].
  • Outcome measures included response times for an acute head injury to be accepted to a neurosurgical centre; the intensive care bed status; variations in advice given to the referring hospitals with regard to ventilation, use of mannitol, steroids, anticonvulsants, and antibiotics [7].
  • In control goats receiving mannitol during food deprivation, the plasma concentration (mM) decreased from 144 to 140 for Na, 105 to 100 for Cl and from 3.8 to 3.6 for K, but concentrations were restored when these goats were given a load of KCl [8].
  • In late phase II of the MMC cycle (high motor activity), NFT changed significantly in the secretory direction in both Krebs mannitol and Krebs glucose perfused segments, and the perfusate-related difference in transport rate was no longer statistically significant [9].
  • During the conversion reaction, D-sorbitol was added to the reaction mixture at 12-h intervals to maintain the concentration of D-sorbitol at 1.0% [10].
 

High impact information on sorbitol

 

Chemical compound and disease context of sorbitol

 

Biological context of sorbitol

 

Anatomical context of sorbitol

 

Associations of sorbitol with other chemical compounds

  • Hyperosmolar solutions containing excess NaCl, mannitol, or sucrose all increased fractional SP release equivalently, in an osmolarity-dependent fashion [30].
  • The hydroxyl radical scavenger, mannitol, significantly depressed ADCC by cells from normals (P < 0.01) but was without effect on cells from CGD patients [24].
  • Conclusions: (1) osmolality is a factor capable of regulating renal tubule bicarbonate absorption; (2) hypertonicity produced with NaCl, urea, or mannitol markedly inhibits bicarbonate absorption in the MTAL; (3) this inhibition occurs independent of, and is additive to, inhibition by vasopressin [31].
  • Raised luminal, but not serosal, osmolality (+/- 150 mM mannitol) decreased Na+ absorption but did not induce Cl- secretion [32].
  • Enhanced M phi anti-Toxoplasma activity was not associated with detectably enhanced superoxide anion generation, nitroblue tetrazolium reduction, or phagolysosome fusion, and was not inhibited by catalase, superoxide dismutase, or mannitol [33].
 

Gene context of sorbitol

 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of sorbitol

References

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  19. Effects of methylprednisolone on P50, 2,3 diphosphoglycerate and arteriovenous oxygen difference in acute myocardial infarction. Kalter, E.S., Henning, R.J., Thijs, L., Vincent, J.L., Becker, H., Carlson, R.W., Weil, M.H. Circulation (1980) [Pubmed]
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  24. Role of oxygen in antibody-dependent cytotoxicity mediated by monocytes and neutrophils. Borregaard, N., Kragballe, K. J. Clin. Invest. (1980) [Pubmed]
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  30. Hypertonicity, but not hypothermia, elicits substance P release from rat C-fiber neurons in primary culture. Garland, A., Jordan, J.E., Necheles, J., Alger, L.E., Scully, M.M., Miller, R.J., Ray, D.W., White, S.R., Solway, J. J. Clin. Invest. (1995) [Pubmed]
  31. Effects of osmolality on bicarbonate absorption by medullary thick ascending limb of the rat. Good, D.W. J. Clin. Invest. (1992) [Pubmed]
  32. Selective response of human airway epithelia to luminal but not serosal solution hypertonicity. Possible role for proximal airway epithelia as an osmolality transducer. Willumsen, N.J., Davis, C.W., Boucher, R.C. J. Clin. Invest. (1994) [Pubmed]
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  34. Interleukin 10 prevents cytokine-induced disruption of T84 monolayer barrier integrity and limits chloride secretion. Madsen, K.L., Lewis, S.A., Tavernini, M.M., Hibbard, J., Fedorak, R.N. Gastroenterology (1997) [Pubmed]
  35. Membrane topology analysis of Escherichia coli mannitol permease by using a nested-deletion method to create mtlA-phoA fusions. Sugiyama, J.E., Mahmoodian, S., Jacobson, G.R. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (1991) [Pubmed]
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