Disease relevance of CLEC3B

• Tetranectin, a plasminogen kringle 4-binding protein. Cloning and gene expression pattern in human colon cancer [1].
• Furthermore, TN has been found in the extracellular matrix of certain human carcinomas, whereas none or little is present in the corresponding normal tissue [2].
• The findings confirm that TN is a strong prognostic factor in patients with colorectal cancer [3].
• The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of TN in human breast cancer and adjacent normal breast tissue and to determine the impact of this expression on survival [4].
• Tetranectin (TN), a new regulator of fibrinolysis, was studied in the plasma of 60 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and 30 healthy subjects (HS), in relation to D-dimer (DD) and alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor (alpha 2-PI), to investigate its possible involvement in the pathophysiology of AMI [5].

High impact information on CLEC3B

• This, along with the base-pairing properties of TNA, warrants close scrutiny of the system in the context of the problem of RNA's origin [6].
• A study was performed to assess whether Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae type b antigen detection by latex agglutination from the TNA sample enhanced the diagnostic yield [7].
• BACKGROUND--Transthoracic needle aspiration (TNA) with an ultrathin needle is a safe and highly specific procedure for obtaining a diagnosis in bacterial pneumonias, but its sensitivity is at best 70% [7].
• 2,6-diaminopurine in TNA: effect on duplex stabilities and on the efficiency of template-controlled ligations [8].
• The prognostic significance of plasma tetranectin (PL-TN) in colorectal cancer was retrospectively examined in 504 patients (80 Dukes' A, 174 Dukes' B, 98 Dukes' C and 152 Dukes' D) [9].

Chemical compound and disease context of CLEC3B

• Urinary urea nitrogen-total nitrogen ratio (UN/TN) was measured at intervals throughout pregnancy in 12 normal women and in 10 with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and the results were related to protein ingestion estimated by dietary history [10].
• While the reliability of the index in diabetic patients tended to improve as hyperglycemia lessened, even under conditions considered clinically to indicate excellent metabolic control (mean plasma glucose less than or equal to 125 mg/dl), UN/TN still did not correlate significantly with protein intake [10].
• Preoperative serum levels of the tumor markers inhibin, tetranectin (TN) and CA-125 were measured and related to ovarian steroid function and the pituitary-gonadal axis (gonadotropin levels) in 28 postmenopausal ovarian cancer patients [11].

Biological context of CLEC3B

• Tetranectin (TN) is a C-type lectin involved in fibrinolysis, being the only endogenous ligand known to bind specifically to the kringle 4 domain of plasminogen [2].
• TN was originally isolated from plasma, but shows a wide tissue distribution [2].
• The crystal structure of the carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) of human TN (TN3) has been determined separately at 2.0 A resolution in order to obtain detailed information on the two calcium binding sites [2].
• Assignment of the gene for human tetranectin (TNA) to chromosome 3p22-->p21.3 by somatic cell hybrid mapping [12].
• The role of TN in the intraarticular regulation of fibrinolysis, important for the expansion of pannus, tissue remodeling and angiogenesis, is discussed [13].

Anatomical context of CLEC3B

• In the search for new ligands for the plasminogen kringle 4 binding-protein tetranectin, it has been found by ligand blot analysis and ELISA that tetranectin specifically bound to the plasminogen-like hepatocyte growth factor and tissue-type plasminogen activator [14].
• We describe the in vivo and in vitro localisation of tetranectin (TN) in human and murine islet cells [15].
• RESULTS: TN was highly expressed in connective tissue fibres surrounding normal breast epithelium, but not in normal epithelial cells [4].
• Immunohistochemistry showed TN immunoreactivity in neurons and dendrites, but no staining in glial cells in the cerebrum and cerebellum [16].
• Functional studies have shown that human embryonal lung fibroblasts increase their release of TN to the growth medium upon stimulation [17].

Associations of CLEC3B with chemical compounds

• BACKGROUND: Tetranectin (TN) is a 67 kDa glycoprotein thought to play a prominent role in the regulation of proteolytic processes via its binding to plasminogen and indirect activation of plasminogen [16].
• The TN-like protein from macaque, horse and cat serum bound heparin and showed the same dependence on Ca2+ for interaction with the monoclonal antibodies as human TN [18].
• The investigation of antigens by latex agglutination in the pulmonary aspirate increased the diagnostic yield of TNA from 50% to 78% and provided a rapid diagnosis (in less than two hours) with therapeutic implications in seven cases [7].
• Base-pairing systems related to TNA: alpha-threofuranosyl oligonucleotides containing phosphoramidate linkages [19].
• Overall, concentrations of nitrite+ nitrate-N, ammonia-N, and total-N (TN) in roof runoff were reduced significantly by the rain gardens [20].

Other interactions of CLEC3B

• No significant alterations of TN levels were observed during therapy in subgroup A2 and group B. TN, DD and alpha 2-PI concentrations in group B remained relatively constant during the study period [5].
• Infection rates were 2.0% (2/102) in the FMG group, 5.2% (3/58) in the TPA group, and 2.0% (2/102) in the TNA group [21].
• The occurrence of this stromal TN immunoreactivity was closely associated with desmoplasia, recognized morphologically by an increase in fibroblastic cells and immunohistochemically by an intense staining for the connective tissue glycoprotein fibronectin (FN) [17].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of CLEC3B

• TN-positive cells can be isolated and maintained in culture after human islet isolation, thereby providing the possibility to further clarify its role and function in vivo as well as in the course of islet transplantation [15].
• The expression of TN was assessed in tumour tissue and adjacent normal breast tissue by immunohistochemistry, and the prognostic relevance of its expression in tumour cells was evaluated [4].
• By western blot analysis, no significant difference in the amount and molecular weight of TN was seen between tumour tissue and normal tissue [4].
• The newly described tetrameric protein tetranectin (TN), which has been found to enhance the activation of plasminogen to plasmin, therefore was studied in 55 patients who had total hip replacement and solely elastic stockings as physical thromboprophylaxis [22].
• A decrease in TN concentration during chemotherapy may therefore indicate change of treatment [23].

References