Disease relevance of Ovarian Cysts

• Girls with precocious puberty due to this syndrome have episodic increases in serum estrogen levels together with the formation of large ovarian cysts [1].
• The results of our study also suggested that women with CNC commonly develop ovarian cysts and may be at risk for ovarian carcinoma [2].
• Precocious puberty in girls with McCune-Albright syndrome has been attributed in some cases to early activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis and in other cases to sex steroid secretion by apparently autonomous ovarian cysts [3].
• MATERIALS AND METHODS: Of 332 postmenopausal women with breast cancer who were treated with tamoxifen, 32 (9.6%) had simple ovarian cysts [4].
• Consumption of retinoid levels of 0.4 mmol/kg diet and above was also associated with a high incidence of liver cell necrosis, ovarian cysts and ovarian hemorrhage [5].

High impact information on Ovarian Cysts

• Experimental studies in rodents demonstrating uterine and ovarian atrophy at high doses of paracetamol and decreased ovarian-cyst formation at lower doses suggest a biological basis for our observations [6].
• Our data indicate that it is through the differential regulation of the cki Dacapo that two modes of cell-cycle regulation are independently maintained within the common cytoplasm of ovarian cysts [7].
• All four of the antibodies were reactive with neutral glycolipids partitioned by Folch extraction of human colon carcinoma cell lines and also with a glycoprotein extracted from ovarian cyst mucin, suggesting that they may recognize one or more carbohydrate structures [8].
• Risk was also elevated among those reporting a prior ovarian cyst, medroxyprogesterone use, a first degree family history of cancer, and occupational exposure to paint [9].
• Ovarian cyst fluid CEA activity was bound by concanavalin A-Sepharose 4B and specifically eluted with competing monosaccharide [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Ovarian Cysts

• Adrenal steroid secretion in girls with pseudoprecocious puberty due to autonomous ovarian cysts [11].
• Removal of the ovarian cysts also restored the dexamethasone suppressibility of serum 17-hydroxyprogesterone and abolished the progression of pubertal development [11].
• Although basal serum 17-hydroxyprogesterone levels were normal in all subjects, there was incomplete suppression of 17-hydroxyprogesterone with dexamethasone in the two girls with pseudoprecocious puberty and large ovarian cysts [11].
• CONCLUSION: In postmenopausal patients with breast carcinoma who were treated with tamoxifen, long-term follow-up US of simple ovarian cysts demonstrates a significant decrease in cyst size over time [4].
• Induction of ovarian cysts in progesterone-synchronized immature rats: evidence that suppression of follicular aromatase activity is not a prerequisite for the induction of cystic follicles [12].
• In this report, the major O-glycans of the secreted human ovarian cyst sialoglycoproteins from a Le(a+) nonsecretor individual (human ovarian cyst sample 350) were characterized by MS/MS analyses and immuno-/lectin-chemical assays [13].

Biological context of Ovarian Cysts

• Roles of histamine and prostaglandins in the induction of ovarian cysts after unilateral ovarian manipulation (MAN) and in the process of ovulation were evaluated in prepubertal gilts treated with pregnant mare's serum gonadotropin (PMSG) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) [14].
• Patients still having a menstrual cycle during tamoxifen had a high chance (81%) of developing ovarian cysts [15].
• Increased insulin-like growth factor binding protein-2 (IGFBP-2) gene expression and protein production lead to high IGFBP-2 content in malignant ovarian cyst fluid [16].
• OBJECTIVE: To test for a significant difference between functional and neoplastic ovarian cyst with respect to epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor and c-erbB-2 proto-oncogene amplification rates [17].
• A further group of cows without ovarian cysts inseminated at natural estrus served as the Group Control (n = 64) [18].

Anatomical context of Ovarian Cysts

• The variant saccharides bear structural similarities to the core region of O-linked saccharides of certain blood group-active mucins and ovarian cyst secretions, and to the outer sequences of N-linked carbohydrate units (I-, i-active) of the major glycoprotein of human erythrocytes, band 3 [19].
• Vascular endothelial growth factor localization in human ovary and fallopian tubes: possible role in reproductive function and ovarian cyst formation [20].
• CONCLUSION: US-guided transabdominal aspiration of cyst fluid and subsequent methotrexate injection appears to be an alternative treatment for both simple and endometriotic ovarian cysts in selected cases [21].
• With this aim, a two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis map of proteins contained in fluid from bovine ovarian follicles at different stages of development and from bovine ovarian cyst has been obtained [22].
• The results of immunoscintigraphy were thus determinant in visualizing the expression of CEA by the ovarian cyst and by the uterus and thus in suggesting their malignancy [23].

Gene context of Ovarian Cysts

• Vascular endothelial growth factor levels in ovarian cyst fluid correlate with malignancy [24].
• Normal ovarian tissues, ovarian cysts and LPM, most of which had no telomerase activity, did not express hTERT [25].
• Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis revealed that hTR and TPI mRNA were expressed in more than 80% of ovarian cancers, LPM, ovarian cysts and even in normal ovaries [25].
• Endometriotic ovarian cysts expressed more AHR but not more ARNT mRNA compared with healthy ovarian tissue [26].
• A new heterozygous mutation of the FOXL2 gene is associated with a large ovarian cyst and ovarian dysfunction in an adolescent girl with blepharophimosis/ptosis/epicanthus inversus syndrome [27].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Ovarian Cysts

• PURPOSE: To evaluate prospectively ultrasonography (US)-guided cyst aspiration and methotrexate injection in the management of simple and endometriotic ovarian cysts in selected patients [21].
• The use of selective estrogen receptor modulators for the treatment of estrogen-dependent diseases in premenopausal women has been hindered by undesirable ovarian stimulation and associated risks of ovarian cysts [28].
• In this study, serum prolactin (PRL), luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol, testosterone, and progesterone were measured by radioimmunoassay at intervals during the 40-day period in which large ovarian cysts were induced in hypothyroid rats by daily injections of hCG [29].
• At laparotomy a 20 cm. right ovarian cyst was found, which was shown microscopically to be of corpus luteum origin [30].
• Since 1977, laparoscopic surgery has been extended to the following procedures: myomectomy (subserous), adnexectomy, ovarian cyst resection, removal of a cystoma, and tubectomy in cases of tubal pregnancy [31].

References