Disease relevance of Cyst Fluid

• Adsorption of capillary permeability activity from human glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cell conditioned medium and GBM cyst fluids by anti-VEGPF antibodies demonstrated that VEGPF is secreted by GBM cells and is present in sufficient quantities in vivo to induce vascular permeability [1].
• CONCLUSIONS: High carbohydrate antigen 19.9, low carcinoembryonic antigen, and high amylase levels in cyst fluid are very indicative of mucinous tumors, serous cystadenomas, and pseudocysts, respectively [2].
• Furthermore, on the basis of molecular size and immunoreactivity by immunodiffusion, ovarian cancer cyst fluid CEA and colonic cancer CEA had similar immunochemical properties [3].
• In this study, methionine-enkephaline (met-enkephalin) was measured by radioimmunoassay in 108 glial and nonglial brain tumors and in 44 associated cyst fluids [4].
• Characterization of the carcinoembryonic antigen activity associated with cyst fluids of mucinous ovarian cystadenocarcinoma [5].

High impact information on Cyst Fluid

• Renal cysts from patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease can secrete fluid, and net fluid secretion can be increased by unidentified secretagogues in the cyst fluid [6].
• The cysts were loaded with natural cyst fluid or with a combination of Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium and Ham's F12 medium (DME-F12) and incubated in DME-F12 for 24 hours [6].
• Cyst fluid parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels were 0.56 and 1.50 ng/ml, respectively [7].
• The X cells line the inner aspects of placental septal cysts, and the cyst fluid, obtained by aspiration, contains immunoreactive MBP at concentrations of 100 micrograms/ml, a sixfold greater concentration than the highest levels measured in maternal blood [8].
• Low LIF concentrations (1-10 ng/ml) were present in synovial fluid from subjects with inflammatory arthritis, amniotic fluid from women in labor, and some reactive, chronic inflammatory and malignant effusions and cyst fluids, but rarely in transudates [9].

Chemical compound and disease context of Cyst Fluid

• The effect of Furtulon at the highest dose (1000 micromol/L) or at a lower dose (100 micromol/L) in the presence of ovarian cancer cyst fluid was not reversible after culture day 11 [10].
• Ciprofloxacin activity in cyst fluid from polycystic kidneys [11].
• Tetracycline also inhibited multiplication of isolates of NB from human kidney stones and kidney cyst fluids from patients with PKD [12].
• CEA was extracted by the perchloric acid method from primary adenocarcinomas of the colon and the ovary, from ascitic and pleural fluids from patients with pancreatic, lung and breast cancer, and from the cyst fluid of a benign ovarian cystadenoma [13].
• The ((125)I-labeled m81C6)-2IT-SMCC-SA was stable and did not lose biotin-binding capacity after a 72 h incubation in human glioma cyst fluid in vitro [14].

Biological context of Cyst Fluid

• METHODS: The results of EUS imaging, cyst fluid cytology, and cyst fluid tumor markers (CEA, CA 72-4, CA 125, CA 19-9, and CA 15-3) were prospectively collected and compared in a multicenter study using histology as the final diagnostic standard [15].
• In this study, cyst fluid samples from 12 nonazotemic and 18 azotemic ADPKD subjects were examined for in vitro biologic activity that promotes cellular proliferation and the secretion of fluid by renal epithelial monolayers, two pathogenetic mechanisms that have critical roles in the formation and the rate of expansion of renal cysts [16].
• An androgen binding protein in the cyst fluid of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome [17].
• High performance latex reagent for hydatid serology using an Echinococcus granulosus lipoprotein antigen fraction purified from cyst fluid in one step [18].
• Sera of 21 patients with histologically confirmed disease were tested by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using a semi-purified E. multilocularis antigen fraction (Em2) and by indirect hemagglutination (IHA) and double diffusion (DD5) tests using antigens prepared from E. granulosus cyst fluid [19].

Anatomical context of Cyst Fluid

• CONCLUSIONS: Of tested markers, cyst fluid CEA is the most accurate test available for the diagnosis of mucinous cystic lesions of the pancreas [15].
• (a) IL-6 activity was detected in 11 of 13 cerebrospinal fluids and five of five tumor cyst fluids [20].
• The omnipresence of EGF in the cyst fluid argues for the hypothesis of its production by the mammary gland [21].
• Biliary cyst fluid from common bile duct-ligated rats stimulates endothelial nitric oxide synthase in pulmonary artery endothelial cells: a potential role in hepatopulmonary syndrome [22].
• ApoD is associated with decreased proliferation in some cell lines, and is the protein found in highest concentration in cyst fluid from benign cystic disease of the breast [23].

Associations of Cyst Fluid with chemical compounds

• The deuterated chenodeoxycholic acid concentrations in cyst fluid were 0.79 and 1.26 mumol/L in two samples from patient 1 and 3.22 mumol/L in patient 2; these values are equivalent to 11-17% of the serum concentrations [corrected] [24].
• Chloride levels were higher in the cyst fluid and the secreted fluid than in the bathing medium [25].
• Large amounts of met-enkephalin were found in all cyst fluids [4].
• Consequently, the time evolution of the contrast enhancement, induced by i.v. injection of Gadolinium diethylene-triamine-penta-acetate, exhibited two distinct patterns: transcapillary transfer in the cellular regions and simple diffusion in the cyst fluid [26].
• The yield of soluble CEA activity following perchloric acid extraction averaged 10%, and in one cyst fluid, qualitative changes were noted in the soluble antigenic activity [5].

Gene context of Cyst Fluid

• Although VEGF concentration of the serum was not correlated with that of the tissue, VEGF concentrations of glioblastoma cyst fluid were 200-300-fold higher than those of serum in the patients [27].
• In an attempt to develop new preoperative diagnostic criteria to assist in decisions regarding therapy, the authors have performed cyst fluid analysis for tumor markers (carcinoembryonic antigen: CEA, CA 125, and CA 19.9), amylase content, amylase isoenzymes, relative viscosity, and cytology on 26 pancreatic cysts [28].
• Follow-up of patients with malignant and borderline lesions demonstrated a correlation between VEGF levels in cyst fluid and tumor recurrence (P = 0.03). bFGF in malignant cysts was either undetectable or very low (0.3+/-0.2 ng/ml), and no significant differences were found in bFGF levels among malignant, benign, borderline, and functional cysts [29].
• Cyst fluid from homozygous rats contained MMP-2 protein and activity [30].
• The localization in vivo of EGF immunoreactivity in ADPKD cyst-lining epithelia and in (apical) cyst fluids and the demonstration of EGF-receptor immunostaining and specific [125I]EGF binding to apical cell surfaces suggested an autocrine mechanism of growth stimulation by EGF in ADPKD epithelia [31].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Cyst Fluid

• Lectin affinity chromatography and gel filtration chromatography over Sepharose 4B and Sephadex G-200 can be used to purify cyst fluid CEA from whole fluid or lyophilized and reconstituted samples [5].
• The cyst fluid CEA activity showed identity with various CEA standards by double immunodiffusion in agar gels and by radioimmune competition assay [5].
• We have determined the concentrations of two tumor-associated trypsinogen (TAT) isoenzymes, called TAT-1 and TAT-2, in human ovarian tumor cyst fluid using monoclonal antibody-based immunofluorometric assays specific for each isoenzyme [32].
• Levels of MCP-1 much higher than in serum or urine were found in cyst fluids obtained from nephrectomy specimens (range, 767 to 40,860 pg/ml; mean, 6434 +/- 841 pg/ml; n = 73) [33].
• End-stage ADPKD renal tissue extracts and cyst fluids were assayed for time-dependent, chymostatin-inhibitable conversion of (125)I-AngI to (125)I-AngII under conditions of ACE and aminopeptidase inhibition by means of HPLC [34].

References