Disease relevance of Sarcoma, Endometrial Stromal

• Analyses of tumor RNA indicate that a JAZF1/JJAZ1 fusion is present in all types of endometrial stromal tumors; however, the fusion appears to be rarer among endometrial stromal sarcomas that would be considered high-grade according to certain classification schemes [1].
• Compared with normal endometrium, the expression of SFRP4 was decreased in both low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS; n = 10) and undifferentiated endometrial sarcoma (UES; n = 4), being lower in the latter more aggressive form [2].
• Concerning uterine tumors and preneoplastic lesions, there were endometrial stromal sarcomas and atypical hyperplasias of the endometrial gland in 90% and 63%, respectively, of p53(+/-) mice, with significantly greater incidences than in p53(+/+) mice [3].
• To explore this problem, the authors evaluated the expression of traditional muscle markers and high-molecular-weight caldesmon (h-cal), an actin and tropomyosin binding protein that has recently been described as a useful muscle marker, in uterine leiomyosarcoma (LMS), cellular leiomyomata (CL), and endometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS) [4].
• No ALK expression was identified in uterine leiomyoma (n = 7), leiomyosarcoma (n = 6), carcinosarcoma (n = 4), endometrial stromal sarcoma (n = 4), or normal uterine tissues [5].

High impact information on Sarcoma, Endometrial Stromal

• This study is the first to show common expression of EGFR (HER-1) in endometrial stromal sarcomas [6].
• High-level nuclear beta-catenin staining was seen in a very limited subset of tumor types, including desmoid-type fibromatosis (71% of cases), solitary fibrous tumor (40%), endometrial stromal sarcoma (40%) and synovial sarcoma (28%) [7].
• Most endometrial stromal sarcomas stained positively for CD10 (16/17), estrogen receptor (17/17), progesterone receptor (15/17), and bcl-2 (17/17) [8].
• Gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor expression in endometrial stromal sarcomas: an immunohistochemical study [9].
• Staining with AE1/3 was seen in four of 17 endometrial stromal sarcomas, with two of the positive cases containing epithelioid cells [8].

Chemical compound and disease context of Sarcoma, Endometrial Stromal

• Seven cases of endometrial stromal sarcoma (five low grade and two high grade) were analyzed immunohistochemically for the presence of estrogen and progesterone receptors [10].
• All low-grade endometrial stromal sarcomas were positive for progesterone receptors using immunohistochemical techniques [10].
• Steroid hormone receptors in endometrial stromal sarcomas. A biochemical and immunohistochemical study [10].
• The demonstration of gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptors I and II expression in endometrial stromal sarcomas may be a rationale for a clinical study of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs in the treatment of women with endometrial stromal sarcomas [9].
• This report adds only the second case of a low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma associated with tamoxifen use [11].

Biological context of Sarcoma, Endometrial Stromal

• Endometrial stromal tumors (ESTs), including low-grade endometrial stromal sarcomas (LGESSs) and endometrial stromal nodules (ESNs) of classic histology, exhibit characteristic morphologic features and contain the nonrandom t(7;17)(p15; q21), which results in the fusion of two novel genes, JAZF1 and JJAZ1 [12].
• AIMS: To investigate the value of immunohistochemical staining for the cell cycle protein proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and flow cytometric S phase fraction in determining prognosis in endometrial stromal sarcoma, graded according to mitotic count [13].

Anatomical context of Sarcoma, Endometrial Stromal

• The present study aimed to investigate oxytocin receptor (OTR) expression in the normal uterus, and particularly in uterine smooth muscle tumors and endometrial stromal sarcomas (ESSs) because these tumors can be difficult to distinguish [14].
• The lack of ERbeta expression in endometrial stromal sarcomas compared with normal endometrial stromal cells suggests that loss of ERbeta may be a marker for malignancy [15].
• MaMi, a human endometrial stromal sarcoma cell line that constitutively produces interleukin-6, interleukin-8, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 [16].

Gene context of Sarcoma, Endometrial Stromal

• Endometrial stromal sarcoma had higher estrogen and progesterone receptor levels than other histologic types [17].
• Low-grade endometrial stromal sarcomas had higher median estrogen receptors (238.9 fmol/mg) and better survival (all patients alive at 6-12 months) than did high grade (N = 7) endometrial stromal sarcomas (median ER = 6.6 fmol/mg, all dead of disease at 8-27 months) [17].
• Thus staining for MMP-2 may aid in differentiating high grade from low grade tumours, and MMP-9 in differentiating normal endometrial stroma from low and high grade endometrial stromal sarcomas [18].
• Differences between endometrial stromal sarcoma and other soft-tissue tumors were detected for all of the immunohistochemical markers (P<0.05), except anti-bcl-2 and AE1/3 [8].
• None of the endometrial stromal sarcomas expressed epithelial membrane antigen or CD34 [8].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Sarcoma, Endometrial Stromal

• Ifosfamide treatment of recurrent or metastatic endometrial stromal sarcomas previously unexposed to chemotherapy: a study of the Gynecologic Oncology Group [19].
• Aggressive endometrial stromal sarcoma responding to medroxyprogesterone following failure of tamoxifen and combination chemotherapy. Case report [20].
• One year previously she had undergone hysterectomy and adnexectomy due to an endometrial stromal sarcoma with involvement of the tuba [21].
• Thrombectomy of the inferior vena cava from recurrent low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma: case report and review of the literature [21].
• High-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma after treatment with tamoxifen in a patient treated for breast cancer [22].

References