Disease relevance of Wuchereria

• It has long been stressed that diethylcarbamazine citrate must be given at a total dosage of 72 mg per kilogram of body weight in 12 divided doses of 6 mg kg(-1) to obtain maximum effect against Wuchereria bancrofti [1].
• This study assessed changes in circulating parasite antigen levels after diethylcarbamazine (DEC) and ivermectin treatment of bancroftian filariasis to determine effects of these drugs on adult Wuchereria bancrofti in vivo [2].
• We have isolated and sequenced clones encoding the repeated subunit of the surface-associated glycoprotein gp15/400 from the two nematode species predominantly responsible for lymphatic filariasis in humans: Brugia malayi and Wuchereria bancrofti [3].
• MIF homologues were also found to be expressed in the related filarial species Wuchereria bancrofti and Onchocerca volvulus [4].
• Doxycycline as a novel strategy against bancroftian filariasis-depletion of Wolbachia endosymbionts from Wuchereria bancrofti and stop of microfilaria production [5].

High impact information on Wuchereria

• Randomised community-based trial of annual single-dose diethylcarbamazine with or without ivermectin against Wuchereria bancrofti infection in human beings and mosquitoes [6].
• Randomised placebo-controlled comparison of ivermectin and albendazole alone and in combination for Wuchereria bancrofti microfilaraemia in Haitian children [7].
• Sera from humans infected with the related Wuchereria bancrofti filaria recognized only p72 and not the other two polypeptides [8].
• Identification and partial characterization of a parasite antigen in sera from humans infected with Wuchereria bancrofti [9].
• Evaluation of a polymerase chain reaction-based assay for diagnosis of Wuchereria bancrofti infection [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Wuchereria

• The silvered leaf monkey (Presbytis cristatus) from South Kalimantan ( Borneo ), Indonesia is a natural host for a variety of filarial nematodes including Brugia malayi and Wuchereria kalimantani . Experimental studies show that it is host for W. bancrofti, a filarial nematode causing elephantiasis in man [11].

Biological context of Wuchereria

• Glutathione-binding proteins of Setaria digitata: antibody responses in human infected with Wuchereria bancrofti [12].
• The immunoscreening of a microfilarial cDNA library of Wuchereria bancrofti with microfilaraemic sera revealed many positive clones expressing filarial antigens [13].
• The nucleotide sequences for Brugia malayi and Wuchereria bancrofti GST have been submitted to EMBL, GenBank, and DDBJ Nucleotide Sequence Databases under Accession Nos. Y12788 and AY195867 [14].
• Antigenic mimicry between piperazine derivatives and Wuchereria bancrofti microfilariae [15].
• 16S rDNA phylogeny and ultrastructural characterization of Wolbachia intracellular bacteria of the filarial nematodes Brugia malayi, B. pahangi, and Wuchereria bancrofti [16].

Anatomical context of Wuchereria

• Hybridoma cell lines producing monoclonal antibodies (MAb) against a 200 kD antigen found circulating in the sera of microfilaremic patients infected with Wuchereria bancrofti were obtained by immunizing mice with a partially purified antigen preparation [17].
• Detection of Wuchereria bancrofti DNA in patients' sputum by the polymerase chain reaction [18].
• Some morphological aspects of Wuchereria bancrofti uterus after treatment with diethylcarbamazine [19].
• Red blood cell antioxidant levels in Wuchereria bancrofti infection [20].

Associations of Wuchereria with chemical compounds

• Long-term efficacy of single-dose mass treatment with diethylcarbamazine citrate against diurnally subperiodic Wuchereria bancrofti: eight years' experience in Samoa [21].
• Detection of benzimidazole resistance-associated mutations in the filarial nematode Wuchereria bancrofti and evidence for selection by albendazole and ivermectin combination treatment [22].
• To elucidate the local release of immunomodulatory prostaglandins by intravascular filarial parasites, the formation of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) was examined in individual microfilariae of Wuchereria bancrofti and Brugia malayi [23].
• The encoded polypeptide is similar in sequence to the ABA-1 allergen of Ascaris, the gp15/400 'ladder' protein of Brugia malayi, Brugia pahangi and Wuchereria bancrofti, and a 15-kDa antigen of Dirofilaria immitis [24].
• Sera from a total of 78 patients infected with Wuchereria bancrofti or appropriate controls were assayed for anti-phosphocholine antibodies in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent-assay (ELISA), using phosphocholine as an antigen [25].

Gene context of Wuchereria

• Soluble cellular adhesion molecules, selectins, VEGF and endothelin-1 in patients with Wuchereria bancrofti infection and association with clinical status [26].
• Molecular characterisation of the actin gene of the filarial parasite Wuchereria bancrofti [27].
• Cloning and characterization of a potentially protective chitinase-like recombinant antigen from Wuchereria bancrofti [28].
• The antigenicity of this recombinant protein was explored in asymptomatic residents of Wuchereria bancrofti-endemic areas of Papua New Guinea and Egypt. Unlike sera from individuals in nonendemic areas, sera from residents of endemic areas contained IgG3 antibodies (up to dilution 1:1280) reactive with the fusion protein [29].
• We used duplex Doppler sonography to assess effects of diethylcarbamazine and albendazole therapy (DEC/ALB) on adult Wuchereria bancrofti in vivo [30].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Wuchereria

• A monoclonal antibody designated Gib 13 has been used in an immunoradiometric assay (IRMA) to detect circulating antigen in the sera of Wuchereria bancrofti-infected subjects from an endemic area of Papua New Guinea [31].
• We demonstrate by an ELISA the presence of antibodies in human filarial sera that react with diethylcarbamazine (DEC); they appear to be primarily filarial antibodies cross-reacting with DEC skeleton, since affinity-purified DEC antibodies strongly react with Wuchereria bancrofti microfilariae [32].
• Clearance of Wuchereria bancrofti antigen after treatment with diethylcarbamazine or ivermectin [33].
• The present study was undertaken to assess the relationship between microfilarial clearance and clearance of circulating filarial antigen from the blood of Wuchereria bancrofti-infected persons following chemotherapy with either diethylcarbamazine or ivermectin [33].
• Human IgG antibody responses to Wuchereria bancrofti third stage infective larvae (L3) surface and somatic antigens were studied by indirect immunofluorescence (IFA) and immunoblot with endemic Egyptian sera (n = 115) with the aim of identifying targets of protective immunity [34].

References