Disease relevance of ALB

• Metastatic colon cancer caused a relatively small decline of ALB compared to the mean in tumor-free patients [1].
• Weight loss (UBW) correlated with ALB (P less than 0.001), TBPA (P less than 0.005) and RBP (P less than 0.02) but did not correlate with TFN (P less than 0.06), TSF, and MAMC [2].
• RESULTS: All three gastric adenocarcinomas with hepatoid morphology with no evidence of AFP production stained positive for ALB mRNA, thus providing evidence of differentiation in the hepatocellular direction [3].
• In this study, we investigated protein (total protein) synthesis and production of such as alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and albumin (ALB) in the media for cultured human hepatocellular carcinoma cells [4].
• Serum prealbumin concentration (PALB) and albumin concentration (ALB) were evaluated as markers of undernutrition in 107 children with cerebral palsy (CP) age 2 to 18 years [5].

Psychiatry related information on ALB

• Prolongation of reaction time (r) was found for HES at 30% and 60% haemodilution and for ALB at 60% haemodilution and an increase in clot lysis by HES, GEL and ALB became evident [6].
• Transient increases in the concentrations of ALB and HA (P < 0.01 for both) was observed within 6 months of smoking cessation [7].

High impact information on ALB

• Based upon this structural comparison, we establish that DBP is a member of the ALB and AFP gene family [8].
• Intracisternal viruslike particles were present in outbred Syrian golden and inbred ALB/Mey Pfd hamster blastocysts, embryos, and fetuses [9].
• METHODS: Albumin mRNA from circulating malignant hepatocytes was detected in the blood by reverse transcription followed by enzymatic amplification [10].
• The gALB was also shown to have a higher molecular weight and be completely separated from ALB after SDS/pore gradient electrophoresis in a Tris borate/EDTA buffer [11].
• In addition, the PS of gALB isolated from patients with diabetic polyneuropathy was significantly increased (P less than 0.0001) compared to the PS for ALB isolated from the same patients [11].

Chemical compound and disease context of ALB

• The final regression model for CL was CL (ml/min) = 49.8 x (1 - 0.009 x PRO) x WT/Scr + 33.8 x (1 - 0.29 x META) x (1 - 0.012 x ALB), where ALB, PRO, WT, and Scr, respectively, were albuminemia, proteinemia (g/l), weight (kg), and serum creatinine (microM) and META = 1 if the patient had liver metastases (otherwise, META = 0) [12].
• Estimated creatinine clearance (CL(CR)) was found to influence significantly the CL of raltitrexed and explained 35% of variability in this parameter, whilst body weight (WT) and serum albumin concentrations (ALB) accounted for 56% of the variability in V [13].
• Diethylcarbamazine/albendazole (DEC/ALB) therapy is widely used in mass drug administration (MDA) programmes aimed at eliminating lymphatic filariasis [14].
• A two-arm community-based lymphatic filariasis elimination trial is being carried out in Tamil Nadu state, India to assess the effect of 2 annual single-dose mass drug administrations of diethylcarbamazine + albendazole (DEC + ALB) on microfilaraemia and antigenaemia in one arm, and diethylcarbamazine(DEC) alone in the other arm [15].
• Using the data of 131 patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), the correction formulas of fructosamine value ([FRA]) were devised to standardize the uncorrected [FRA] to serum albumin concentrations ([ALB]) of 4 g/dl, globulin concentrations ([GLB]) of 3 g/dl, and total protein concentrations ([TP]) of 7 g/dl [16].

Biological context of ALB

• While the primitive lamphrey possesses a serum protein twice the size of mammalian albumin, the bony fishes, reptiles, and amphibians display two ALB-like molecules sharing amino acid sequence similarity to mammalian AFP [17].
• Two of these markers, ALB and AFP, have previously been assigned to rat Chromosome (Chr) 14, allowing assignment of this entire linkage group [18].
• The concentrations of AFP and albumin (ALB) are highly variable in fetal serum and CSF and change with gestational age [19].
• RESULTS: Albumin is the predominant plasma protein throughout gestation [20].
• In comparison to AD/LBD, AD/ALB did not differ in age at death, disease duration, male-to-female ratio, brain weight, Braak neurofibrillary tangle stage, average senile plaque density, or apolipoprotein E epsilon4 allele frequency [21].

Anatomical context of ALB

• ALB-positive hepatocytes were found in all of the normal or cirrhotic livers examined and in the tumor-free regions of the HCC-containing livers [22].
• When human Bel-7402 hepatocarcinoma cell line grew in a medium containing 10(-4) M dimethyl-4,4'-dimethoxy-5,6,5', 6'-dimethylenedioxybiphynyl-2,2'-dicarboxylate (DDB), the secretion of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) was significantly lower than the control cells, whereas the albumin (ALB) secretion was markedly higher [23].
• The remaining 260 cases of AD were screened for amygdala LBs (AD/ALB) and 62 (24%) cases were found [21].
• The burden of alpha-synuclein pathology in brainstem nuclei, amygdala, and neocortex was significant lower in AD/ALB than in AD/LBD [21].
• Ten of 14 recipients survived, 9 of which had a significant increase in CRP (p = 0.012), HAP (p = 0.011), AAG (p = 0.002), and decrease in ALB (p = 0.002) and TBPA (p = 0.004) on Day +7, but not Day 0, after bone marrow reinfusion [24].

Associations of ALB with chemical compounds

• In 3D culture, ALB and G6P were detected earlier and higher levels of urea and AFP were produced, when compared with 2D culture [25].
• We investigated the effect of a single bout of moderate walking (45 min at approximately 40% of peak O2 consumption) on postexercise (POST-EX) muscle metabolism and synthesis of plasma proteins [albumin (ALB) and fibrinogen (FIB)] in untrained older (n = 6) and younger (n = 6) men [26].
• Immunohistochemically, the cytoplasm of adult liver-type cells was positive for alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT), human albumin (ALB), and the third (C3) and fourth (C4) components of the complement system [27].
• Kruskal-Wallis analysis of class by ranks was significant for pattern class (1E-18), PAB (6.1E-15), ALB (1E-16), CHOL (9E-10), and TPR (5.3E-13) [28].
• As a result of adding dexamethasone, it was found that AFP and ALB (or TF) production increased simultaneously [4].

Physical interactions of ALB

• CONCLUSIONS: Albumin coating markedly inhibits the binding of fibronectin on tube surfaces in vitro [29].

Regulatory relationships of ALB

• RESULTS: Albumin-stimulated migration was inhibited by the PI3-kinase inhibitors wortmannin and LY-294002, but not by the PKC inhibitor RO-31-8220 [30].

Other interactions of ALB

• Immunofluorescence analysis revealed the expression of albumin (ALB) and cytokeratin-18 (CK-18) [25].
• The results suggest that, unlike the corresponding sequences in the ALB and AFP genes, chromosomal sequences encoding the first domain and the leader sequence of the GC gene have specifically been conserved throughout vertebrate evolution [31].
• 1) Albumin and orosomucoid were not influenced by danazol or, after correction for volume expansion, by pregnancy [32].
• Logistic regression indicated that this effect was independent of age and the epsilon4 dose of the apolipoprotein E gene (P < 0.01), while the ALB gene was supposed to be related to aging [33].
• Comparing the two patient groups PCHE activity and albumin concentration were significantly lower in active than in quiescent CD [PCHE: 3.70 kU/l; 3.00-4.30 kU/l vs. 4.80 kU/l; 3.75-5.82 kU/l, p < 0.001; Albumin: 38.0 g/l; 35.1-39.9 g/l vs. 43.8 g/l; 40.8-46.3 g/l, p < 0.001] [34].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of ALB

• RESULTS: The results of cell culture showed that adherent cells were stained negative for AFP or ALB in control group [35].
• The rats were killed at different time points after the treatment and the liver tissue was histopathologically studied and human AFP and ALB detected by immunohistochemistry [35].
• Conformational Study of Human Serum Albumin in Pre-denaturation Temperatures by Differential Scanning Calorimetry, Circular Dichroism and UV Spectroscopy [36].
• Albumin (ALB) mRNA in liver biopsy specimens was detected by RT-PCR at post-operative d 6 [37].
• ALB was purified by ion exchange chromatography on DEAE and gel filtration; it behaved as less basic than PA with MW approximately 67 kDa [38].

References