Disease relevance of Intensive Care

• This was accompanied by a 44.0% reduction in the incidence of ceftazidime-resistant Klebsiella infection and colonization throughout the medical center (P<.01), a 70.9% reduction within all intensive care units (P<.001), and an 87.5% reduction within the surgical intensive care unit (P<.001) [1].
• OBJECTIVE--To describe outcomes and identify variables associated with hospital and 1-year survival for patients admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) with an acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) [2].
• We tested the hypothesis that since the implementation of the prospective payment system (PPS), elderly patients hospitalized for hip fractures receive shorter, less care-intensive hospitalizations and are more frequently institutionalized [3].
• Because C1 inhibitor (C1-Inh) regulates the activation of both cascade systems, we studied the characteristics of plasma C1-Inh in 48 patients with severe sepsis on admission to the Intensive Care Unit at the Free University of Amsterdam [4].
• 101 critically ill patients admitted to five intensive-care units were allocated randomly to receive a continuous intravenous infusion of either propofol or midazolam for sedation for up to 24 h [5].

Psychiatry related information on Intensive Care

• Similarly, responses from PGY-1 and PGY-2 residents on intensive care rotations indicated prevalence rates of depressive symptoms for both groups of greater than 33% [6].
• Sleep deprivation is extremely common in the intensive care unit (ICU), and this lack of sleep is associated with low melatonin secretion [7].
• CASE SUMMARY: A 50-year-old white man treated for 3 weeks with ziprasidone 40 mg twice daily for chronic paranoid schizophrenia was admitted to the intensive care unit after a witnessed generalized seizure [8].
• METHODS: In 20 patients with acute drug overdose and suspected alcohol abuse, carbohydrate deficient transferrin was determined by an immunoturbidimetric assay on admission to the intensive care unit [9].
• CONCLUSIONS: Opioid withdrawal symptoms in pediatric intensive care unit patients after prolonged fentanyl exposure can be avoided by using an enteral, 10-day, single daily dose methadone weaning protocol [10].

High impact information on Intensive Care

• There was no significant difference between the groups in mortality in the intensive care unit (ICU) (23.5 percent in the ranitidine group and 22.9 percent in the sucralfate group) or the duration of the stay in the ICU (median, nine days in both groups) [11].
• An aerosol of polymyxin B was administered (2.5 mg per kilogram per day) to the upper airways of 292 patients in a respiratory-surgical intensive-care unit during a seven-month period, in an attempt to prevent Ps. aeruginosa pneumonia [12].
• Should patients in intensive care units receive erythropoietin [13]?
• JAMA patient page. Intensive care units [14].
• We also searched EMBASE, HealthStar (Health Services, Technology, Administration, and Research), and HSRPROJ (Health Services Research Projects in Progress) via Internet Grateful Med and The Cochrane Library and hand searched abstract proceedings from intensive care national scientific meetings (January 1, 1994, through December 31, 2001) [15].

Chemical compound and disease context of Intensive Care

• Five adult patients with head injuries inexplicably had fatal cardiac arrests In our neurosurgical intensive-care unit after the introduction of a sedation formulation containing an increased concentration of propofol [16].
• Venous thromboembolism is a frequent complication in patients admitted to intensive care units (ICU), despite prophylactic treatment with subcutaneous low-molecular-weight (LMW) heparin [17].
• Death was the primary endpoint, and secondary endpoints were life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias, dose of atropine used, need for cardiac pacing, admission to intensive care, and number of days in hospital [18].
• Unitl information is available to the contrary, oral disopyramide should be given for the first seven days after myocardial infarction to all patients not managed in an intensive-care unit [19].
• PATIENTS: Two sisters with acute pancreatitis and the acute respiratory distress syndrome were admitted (patient 1) or transferred (patient 2) to an intensive care setting with severely elevated triglyceride levels [20].

Biological context of Intensive Care

• Significant correlations were found for both the PTS and the Revised Trauma Score with survival, the Injury Severity Score, APACHE II score, vital signs, the Glasgow Coma Scale score, hematocrit, need for an operation, and number of days in an intensive care unit [21].
• Observation of intensive care unit and respiratory care personnel showed faulty infection control procedures (for example, the same multiple-dose bottle of albuterol was used for many mechanically ventilated patients) [22].
• CONCLUSIONS: Selective decontamination of the digestive tract decreases subsequent infection rates, especially by gram-negative bacilli, in selected patients during long-term stays in the intensive care unit [23].
• To determine the incidence of subependymal (SEH) or intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) and its short-term outcome, infants of less than 35 weeks' gestation who required intensive care were evaluated and computerized tomographic scans obtained [24].
• Ten mg of nifedipine was administered to 19 patients with severe hypertension (mean blood pressure 187 +/- 17/122 +/- 12 mm Hg) without intensive care monitoring [25].

Anatomical context of Intensive Care

• PATIENT: 69-year-old man taking rosiglitazone, 4 mg/d. INTERVENTION: Discontinuation of rosiglitazone therapy and treatment with lactulose, vitamin K, fresh frozen plasma, ventilatory assistance, and intensive care unit support [26].
• This study evaluates the effects of sucralfate and antacids on intragastric acidity, colonization of stomach, oropharynx and trachea, and the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in mechanically ventilated patients in intensive care units [27].
• Twenty-two patients in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) I (Group 1) received TAP (tobramycin, colistin, and amphotericine B in oropharynx and stomach) [28].
• In postmortem biopsies obtained from 74 patients who died in the intensive care unit, intensive insulin therapy increased mRNA levels of skeletal muscle glucose transporter 4 (P = 0.02) and hexokinase (P = 0.03), unlike those of hepatic glucokinase [29].
• Plasma concentrations of CRP and neopterin were measured daily in 21 bone-marrow transplant (BMT) patients, 64 patients in intensive-care units (ICU), and 12 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HN) [30].

Associations of Intensive Care with chemical compounds

• Contaminants were recovered less frequently from peripheral venous infusions (0.6%) than from infusions used for central venous access or hemodynamic monitoring (1.5%) or total parenteral nutrition (3.6%); infusions in an intensive care unit were more frequently contaminated (2.5%) than infusions on medical and surgical wards (0.9%) [31].
• Two indices of free thyroxine (T4) and four methods of free T4 measurement were compared in 85 patients with acute illness, hospitalized in intensive care units [32].
• How does blood glucose control with insulin save lives in intensive care [33]?
• We suggest that propofol infusion at rates higher than 5 mg/kg per h should be discouraged for long-term sedation in the intensive-care unit [16].
• METHODS: 328 patients admitted to 23 participating intensive-care units (ICUs) were randomly assigned a continuous intravenous infusion of low-dose dopamine (2 microg kg(-1) min(-1)) or placebo administered through a central venous catheter while in the ICU [34].

Gene context of Intensive Care

• Arterial blood was serially sampled from admission (or at the start of elective operation) to day 13 in the intensive care unit, and the serum concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin (IL)-1 beta, and IL-6 were determined [35].
• All patients were to be treated to individual maximum tolerance of IL-2 at the intensive care unit level of support [36].
• Plasma ACTH and cortisol concentrations are frequently elevated in patients in intensive care units (ICU) [37].
• At intensive care admission, serum concentrations of 25(OH)D, 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D(3), vitamin D-binding protein, ionized calcium, IL-1, and soluble IL-6-receptor were low, and PTH was normal [38].
• We investigated the relation between CRP and its cytokine mediators in 64 critically ill patients during their treatment in the intensive-care unit [39].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Intensive Care

• DESIGN AND SETTING: Case-control study conducted at a medical intensive care unit (ICU) of a French university hospital with a 4% prevalence of MRSA carriage at ICU admission [40].
• Alfentanil infusion for sedation and analgesia in intensive care [41].
• Low-dose dopamine in patients with early renal dysfunction: a placebo-controlled randomised trial. Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Society (ANZICS) Clinical Trials Group [34].
• The efficacy of cimetidine in the prevention and treatment of stress-induced gastroduodenal lesions was evaluated in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in which serial endoscopy was used to examine patients without clinical evidence of bleeding who were admitted to a medical intensive care unit [42].
• METHODS AND RESULTS: In 165 subjects (50 intensive care patients, 10 dobutamine echocardiography patients, and 105 normal volunteers; age, 49.4 +/- 19.3 years; 92 men), ACOM was performed in the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT), with the color baseline shifted to avoid aliasing [43].

References