Disease relevance of Freeze Fracturing

• The morphological changes in Serratia marcescens induced by astromicin were determined by a new technique of electron microscopy, a rapid freezing and substitution fixation technique, and a freeze-fracturing technique [1].
• After proteoglycan extraction, fixation in 4% formalin, dehydration by increasing concentrations of acetone, critical point drying, freeze-fracturing and gold-coating the samples were analysed by scanning-electron-microscopy [2].
• Envelope fragments of E. coli K12 have been produced by freeze-fracturing "by hand" and negatively stained after thawing [3].
• The ultrastructure of cholesterol gallstones (mixed type) was studied in detail for the first time under the transmission electron microscope after freeze-fracturing [4].

High impact information on Freeze Fracturing

• During dialysis to remove cholate, lipid bilayer vesicles formed in which Band 3 existed as a dimer and in which intramembrane particles indistinguishable from those in the native membrane were exposed by freeze-fracturing [5].
• After freeze-fracturing of fixed tissue, the micropapillae are still present, therefore their shape and size are determined during or before glutaraldehyde fixation, and are not due to rearrangement during subsequent steps of tissue processing; intramembranous particles are seen at the periphery rather than at the top of micropapillae [6].
• The sealing and communicating junctions present in hydra have been examined using conventional staining, lanthanum tracer and freeze-fracturing techniques [7].
• The 950-A vesicles are characterized by agarose gel chromatography, freeze-fracturing electron microscopy, trapped volume measurements, differential scanning calorimetry, and diphenylhexatriene fluorescence polarization [8].
• Membrane vesicles were isolated from protoplasts and shown to be right side out by freeze fracturing and by using ATPase as a marker for the cytoplasmic membrane surface [9].

Anatomical context of Freeze Fracturing

• They were quickly frozen with the isopentane-propane cryogen (-193 degrees C) and prepared for freeze-fracturing and deep-etching replica membranes [10].
• Carbon tetrachloride induced proliferation of tight junctions in the rat liver as revealed by freeze-fracturing [11].
• The effects of a single dose (0.5 mg) of the antimicrotubular drug vinblastine sulfate on the ultrastructure of mouse hepatocytes was studied by thin sectioning and freeze-fracturing after intravenous injection of the drug [12].
• Isolated liver mitochondria were crosslinked with glutaraldehyde during different respiratory states and then analyzed either by freeze-fracturing, or in thin sections prepared according to a low denaturation embedding technique [13].
• Intercellular junctions have been studied in the epithelia of digestive organs of Sepia officinalis (digestive gland, digestive duct appendages and caecum) by conventional staining, lanthanum tracer and freeze-fracturing techniques [14].

Associations of Freeze Fracturing with chemical compounds

• Freeze-fracturing and deep-etching with the volatile cryoprotectant ethanol reveals true membrane surfaces of kidney structures [15].
• Milrinone had a weak inhibitory effect on TXA2 synthesis when elicited by freeze fracturing [16].
• The latter was performed on the two tissue fragments that remained after freeze fracturing, from which the first contained the implants and the second comprised tissue that had been immediately adjacent to the hydroxyapatite rods [17].
• Treatment of cells with EDTA before freeze-fracturing caused dilation of grooves into holes eventually leading to fragmentation of the outer membrane [3].
• Freeze-fracturing the abdominal flexor muscles yielded images of phasic and tonic synapse-bearing terminals [18].

Gene context of Freeze Fracturing

• Jimpy and age-matched normal mice were investigated using thin sectioning, freeze-fracturing and immunocytochemistry [19].
• Platelet tests, ultrastructural data, immunocytochemical von Willebrand factor detection, freeze fracturing results and free cytosolic calcium level were evaluated [20].
• The textures of mucus from olfactory and respiratory epithelia are distinctly different after freeze-fracturing and deep-etching following cryo-fixation [21].
• (1974) using the freeze-fracturing technique had shown no differences in the sub-structure of natural micelles and artificial micelles containing Ca and casein only [22].
• Analysis of the structure of outer segment disc membranes by the freeze fracturing technique, however, shows that the structure of the membrane is probably not affected by the rd gene [23].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Freeze Fracturing

• A technique which best fulfils these requirements involves glutaraldehyde fixation of a splinted specimen, freeze-fracturing using a modified pair of pliers, freeze-drying again after washing [24].
• Horse milk fat globules (MFGs) and casein micelles were studied using freeze fracturing, freeze etching and thin-section electron microscopy, as well as lectin histochemistry, gel electrophoresis, and Western blotting [25].

References