Disease relevance of DIPHENYLHEXATRIENE

• Lung fibroblasts from both normal and Down syndrome subjects had similar membrane polarization values in an assay using the fluorescent probe 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene [1].
• Using the probe 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene, the fluorescence polarization value at 25 degrees for hairy cells was 0.302, compared to the value of 0.259 obtained with chronic lymphocytic leukemia lymphocytes [2].
• A strong correlation was found between increased 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene fluorescence polarization and excess body weight [3].
• Cholesterol depletion caused substantial reduction in anisotropy of the VS virion membrane as measured by fluorescence depolarization of the lipophilic probe 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene; residual adsorbed vesicles represent a significant factor in this apparent increase in virion membrane fluidity [4].
• Fluorescence polarization, P, of 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene was studied in Escherichia coli B/r. Modification of nutritional conditions was not compensated by homeoviscous adaptation, demonstrated to exist for temperature variations [5].

Psychiatry related information on DIPHENYLHEXATRIENE

• The fluorescence anisotropy of 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene in labeled platelet membranes, an index of membrane fluidity, identifies a prominent subgroup of patients with Alzheimer's disease who manifest distinct clinical features [6].
• These studies revealed that DPH fluorescence polarization is significantly reduced in platelets from DAT patients, but not in patients with multi-infarct dementia, compared with controls [7].
• In this study we examined the effects of rapid eye movement sleep (REMS) deprivation on synaptosomal and microsomal membrane fluidity by studying 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH) fluorescence polarization in control as well as REMS-deprived rats [8].

High impact information on DIPHENYLHEXATRIENE

• The fluorescence emissions of chrysene, N-ethylcarbazole, and 1,6-diphenylhexatriene undergo large spectral shifts or changes in quantum yield, or both, upon their uptake from particulates by phospholipid vesicles [9].
• Results obtained by fluorescence polarization of 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene were consistent with the differences in lipid composition between two autologous cell lines [10].
• Measurements of fluorescence polarization (P), using the lipid probe diphenylhexatriene, demonstrate a highly significant increase in the microviscosity of erythrocyte membranes in affected patients (P = 0.286 +/- 0.012) vs. normals (P = 0.239 +/- 0.020) [11].
• Rat intestinal microvillus membranes and lipid extracts prepared from them have been studied by fluorescence polarization with three lipid-soluble fluorophores: diphenylhexatriene, retinol, and anthroyl-stearate [12].
• There was a close correlation between thylakoid fluidity levels, monitored by steady-state 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene anisotropy, and threshold temperatures required for maximal activation of all of the HS-inducible genes investigated, including dnaK, groESL, cpn60, and hsp17 [13].

Chemical compound and disease context of DIPHENYLHEXATRIENE

• 1. The membrane structure of erythrocytes of rats with different forms of arterial hypertension was studied by means of two hydrophobic fluorescent probes (diphenylhexatriene and pyrene) [14].
• Membrane fluidity and lipid peroxidation in 4 brain areas from patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and matched controls were determined by measuring fluorescence anisotropy of the lipophilic probe 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH) and by the thiobarbituric acid test respectively [15].
• Fluorescence measurements of diphenylhexatriene dissolved in the representative alkane, n-hexadecane, showed that the kinetics of hydrocarbon uptake are quite different in hydrocarbon-utilizer compared with non-utilizer Streptomyces strain [16].
• The temperature dependence of fluorescence anisotropy, lifetime and differential tangent of 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH) and its polar trimethylammonium derivative (TMA-DPH) were investigated in cytoplasmic membranes of Bacillus subtilis [17].
• The effect of diacetylrhein on lymphocyte membrane fluidity in osteoarthritis patients before and after 10 and 30 days of treatment was studied using the 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene fluorescence polarization [18].

Biological context of DIPHENYLHEXATRIENE

• To determine whether the inhibition of Sendai virus-induced cell fusion resulted from interferon-induced changes at the cell plasma membrane, experiments were carried out using the fluorescence probe 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene, which is capable of sensing molecular motions in the hydrocarbon core of the bilayer structure [19].
• Whatever the tissue of origin, the density of high-affinity calcium binding sites was lower in SHR than in WKY plasma membranes, and the polarization of diphenylhexatriene fluorescence was constantly higher in SHR than in WKY membranes [20].
• Membrane microenvironmental changes associated with thrombin-induced platelet activation were followed by fluorescence intensity and polarization studies of 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH)-labeled human platelets [21].
• Diphenylhexatriene (DPH)-labeled lipids as a potential tool for studies on lipid peroxidation in monolayer films [22].
• Electronic excitation energy transfer between 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene incorporated within the hydrophobic core of the bilayer and the novel derivative has been investigated to estimate the depth within the bilayer at which the former is located [23].

Anatomical context of DIPHENYLHEXATRIENE

• Measurements of the steady-state fluorescence anisotropy of 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene in progressively delipidated sarcoplasmic reticulum membranes have been quantitatively interpreted in terms of a layer of lipid of high anisotropy (the lipid annulus) coexisting with lipid layers of very low anisotropy [24].
• Studies of the fluorescence polarization of 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene in membranes of normal, transformed, and revertant 3T3 cells allowed estimation of microviscosities (eta) of the lipid bilayers of these cells [25].
• Exposure to 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (10 ng/ml) for 24 hr decreased the fluorescence anisotropy of 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene in both HL-60 and R-55 cells, whereas by 48 hr only the HL-60 cells displayed the reduction [26].
• Experiments with diphenylhexatriene indicated that the enteroviruses had only a slight tendency to make the plasma membrane of the endothelial cell more fluid [27].
• The mitogenic effect of thyrotropin on functional rat thyroid cells of the line FRTL-5 is correlated with membrane lipid fluidity as evaluated by fluorescence polarization of 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene [28].

Associations of DIPHENYLHEXATRIENE with other chemical compounds

• The fluorescence polarization of liposome-incorporated diphenylhexatriene was measured to determine the "fluidity" of the detergent-resistant liposomes [29].
• Ethanol feeding reduced membrane anisotropy, as measured with the diphenylhexatriene probe, in liver plasma and kidney brush-border membranes but not in jejunal brush-border membranes [30].
• This was done by the evaluation of fluorescence anisotropy of two probes; diphenylhexatriene was used on membrane microsomal fractions, and trimethylammonium-diphenylhexatriene was used on whole cell suspensions as a plasma membrane-specific probe since it does not enter the cells [31].
• Fluorescence polarization studies with the lipophylic probe diphenylhexatriene indicated that the antiinvasive effect of ET-18-OCH3 was accompanied by an overall increase of membrane fluidity [32].
• Time-resolved fluorescence anisotropy measurements using 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene showed that increasing cholesterol reduced membrane acyl chain packing free volume as characterized by the parameter f(v) [33].

Gene context of DIPHENYLHEXATRIENE

• BALB/c spleen cells treated for 1 to 2 hr with cholesteryl hemisuccinate (CHS) displayed reduced levels of all tested H-2 determinants (H-2L, H-2K, and H-2D) as evaluated by flow microfluorometry and increased membrane lipid packing density as determined by 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH) fluorescence polarization [34].
• The NPC plasma membranes were less fluid than control membranes as indicated by increased DPH (1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene) fluorescence anisotropy values [35].
• The effect of Abeta aggregation state on the membrane fluidity of unilamellar liposomes was assessed by monitoring the anisotropy of the membrane-embedded fluorescent dye, 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH) [36].
• Dimethylethanolamine also increased canalicular membrane fluidity defined by 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene fluorescence depolarization, whereas the expression of multidrug resistance gene product and multidrug resistance associated protein was unchanged [37].
• The fluorescence anisotropy of 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene in labeled platelet membranes, an index of membrane fluidity, is a stable, familial trait that is associated with a clinically distinct subtype of Alzheimer disease [38].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of DIPHENYLHEXATRIENE

• Quantitation of hindered rotations of diphenylhexatriene in lipid bilayers by differential polarized phase fluorometry [39].
• Fatty acid composition was determined by gas-liquid chromatography and membrane fluidity by fluorescence spectroscopy using 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene as a probe [40].
• We have used both the steady-state fluorescence polarization of 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH) and high-sensitivity differential scanning calorimetry to detect temperature-dependent changes in membrane structure [41].
• We have investigated the phase behavior of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine-cholesterol bilayers using both the fluorescence of bilayer-associated 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH) and freeze-fracture electron microscopy to elucidate specimen structure [42].
• Membrane preparations were obtained after experiments performed in vivo and perfusion experiments and, by using 1,6-diphenylhexa-1,3,5-triene as fluorescence probe, the fluorescence polarization parameter was measured, from which the microviscosity (eta) was calculated [43].

References