Disease relevance of Spinal Fusion

• A study of desmopressin and blood loss during spinal fusion for neuromuscular scoliosis: a randomized, controlled, double-blinded study [1].
• Therefore, this study was designed to examine the homeostatic effects of DDAVP in children with severe cerebral palsy undergoing spinal fusion [1].
• The authors studied 12 patients who required deliberate hypotension for spinal fusion operations in order to investigate the efficacy of captopril for reducing dose requirement for sodium nitroprusside (SNP) [2].
• CONCLUSIONS: The perioperative administration of celecoxib resulted in a significant reduction in postoperative pain and opioid use following spinal fusion surgery [3].
• The only adverse effect experienced in more than one patient was urinary retention, possibly associated with the use of fentanyl, which was administered for balanced anesthesia, and/or with the surgical procedure (spinal fusion) [4].

High impact information on Spinal Fusion

• 1-Desamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin (desmopressin) decreases operative blood loss in patients having Harrington rod spinal fusion surgery. A randomized, double-blinded, controlled trial [5].
• Application of bone morphogenetic proteins in spinal fusion [6].
• One was treated with amphotericin B, one with spinal fusion and 5-fluorocytosine, and one with no antifungal therapy [7].
• Rofecoxib was more efficacious than celecoxib in patients with acute dental pain and pain after spinal fusion surgery, although celecoxib may have been used at a subtherapeutic dose [8].
• In patients with postsurgical dental pain, pain after spinal fusion or orthopaedic surgery, or primary dysmenorrhoea, rofecoxib provided more rapid and more sustained pain relief and reduced requirements for supplemental morphine use after surgery than placebo [8].

Chemical compound and disease context of Spinal Fusion

• Nicardipine or nitroprusside was used to induce controlled hypotension in healthy adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis undergoing spinal fusion [9].
• Liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection was used for the determination of norepinephrine and epinephrine in human plasma samples obtained prior to, after, and six times during the course of spinal fusion surgery for the correction of scoliosis [10].
• Since 1995, titanium mesh cages have been used in the thoracolumbar and lumbar spine for instrumented anterior spinal fusions in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis [11].
• The Syndrome of Inappropriate Secretion of Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH) was found to occur in at least 5% of patients recovering from a spinal fusion operation [12].
• The patient was treated with immobilization and parenteral antibiotics but developed recurrent back pain requiring a posterior spinal fusion [13].

Biological context of Spinal Fusion

• Studies of adults having cardiac surgery and of children having spinal fusion have suggested that patients with complicated medical histories and complex surgical procedures may benefit from use of DDAVP [1].
• We recommend that ketorolac 7.5 mg be given every 6 h to patients undergoing spinal fusion surgery in addition to PCA morphine [14].
• In this study we compared the effects of propofol, small-dose isoflurane, and nitrous oxide (N(2)O) on cortical somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEP) and bispectral index (BIS) monitoring in adolescents undergoing spinal fusion [15].
• Twenty-four patients undergoing anterior and posterior spinal fusion were preoperatively assessed and at weekly intervals during their hospitalization for the following: serum albumin, transferrin, total lymphocyte count, skin anergy and anthropometric measurements [16].
• METHODS: Thirty patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis undergoing an instrumented spinal fusion underwent triplanar range of motion tests before surgery and at 12 and 24 months after surgery [17].

Anatomical context of Spinal Fusion

• Preclinical and clinical studies have shown that BMP-2 can be utilized in various therapeutic interventions such as bone defects, non-union fractures, spinal fusion, osteoporosis and root canal surgery [18].
• Red blood cell indices in four adolescent and preadolescent patients with documented inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) following spinal fusion were examined for evidence of dilution [19].
• In the future, a series of vectors with multiple genes that are regulated by physiologic cues might be used to enhance spinal fusion, restore IVD tissue, or support spinal cord healing [20].
• This study is a retrospective review of 43 adult patients with idiopathic or congenital scoliosis who had spinal fusion from T11 or above to the sacrum [21].
• To summarise, the presented clinical and radiological study shows the cancellous bone tissue filled, titanium implant to be a meaningful and useable alternative to conventional methods of spinal fusion [22].

Associations of Spinal Fusion with chemical compounds

• Further study is necessary to determine whether coralline hydroxyapatite used as a bone graft extender in lumbar spinal fusion may help to obviate the need for secondary site graft harvesting [23].
• Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion in children following spinal fusion [24].
• METHODS: Forty-four patients scheduled to undergo elective spinal fusion were randomly assigned to receive either 100 mg/kg tranexamic acid before incision followed by an infusion of 10 mg . kg . h during surgery (tranexamic acid group) or 0.9% saline (placebo group) [25].
• To document the analgesic properties of intravenous clonidine during the postoperative period, 50 ASA physical status 1 patients, immediately after spinal fusion, were randomly assigned to two groups, blindly administered either clonidine (5 micrograms/kg infused the 1st h and then 0.3 microgram-1.kg-1.h-1 during 11 h) or a placebo [26].
• Threaded lumbar interbody spinal fusion devices (TIBFD) made from titanium have been reported to be 90% effective for single-level lumbar interbody fusion, although radiographic determination of fusion has been intensely debated in the literature [27].

Gene context of Spinal Fusion

• Bone morphogenetic protein has been used successfully at the authors' institution to heal clinical nonunions and to achieve spinal fusion [28].
• OBJECTIVES: To demonstrate in vitro and in vivo osteogenic effect of BMP-2 gene transfer to human LF and to propose genetically modified LF as a substitute for autogenous bone graft in spinal fusion [29].
• The present study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of the use of direct, percutaneous BMP-9 adenoviral gene therapy to promote spinal fusion in the rodent [30].
• The effect of cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition on acute and chronic donor-site pain after spinal-fusion surgery [31].
• How does recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-4 enhance posterior spinal fusion [32]?

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Spinal Fusion

• AGF was used with autograft and coraline hydroxyapatite in all posterior fusions, and autograft, coral, and intradiscal spacer (carbon fiber spinal fusion cages or Synthes femoral ring) in intradiscal fusions [23].
• The purpose of this retrospective study is to review our results with AGF in lumbar spinal fusions [23].
• Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 enhances anterior spinal fusion in a thoracoscopically instrumented animal model [33].
• OBJECT: Titanium lumbar interbody spinal fusion devices are reported to be 90% effective in cases requiring single-level lumbar interbody arthrodesis, although radiographic determination of fusion has been debated [34].
• Dose-response of ketorolac as an adjunct to patient-controlled analgesia morphine in patients after spinal fusion surgery [14].

References