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Gene Review

PYY  -  peptide YY

Sus scrofa

 
 
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Disease relevance of PYY

  • However, the inhibitory effects of PYY were abolished when chief cells were preincubated with pertussis toxin, an agent that uncouples inhibitory guanine nucleotide binding (G) proteins from their receptors [1].
  • The threshold dose for PYY-induced emesis in the dog is less than 120 pmol/kg [2].
  • We hypothesized that PYY would attenuate the secretory diarrhea in piglet cryptosporidiosis, which is mediated by prostaglandins E2 and I2 [3].
 

Psychiatry related information on PYY

 

High impact information on PYY

 

Chemical compound and disease context of PYY

 

Biological context of PYY

 

Anatomical context of PYY

  • In conclusion, it seems that NPY and PYY are capable of suppressing parasympathetically mediated contractions in the guinea pig trachea mainly via Y2 receptors, but there is also a small contribution from Y1 receptors [12].
  • In gastric chief cells, PYY and NPY attenuate the stimulatory effects of secretagogues whose actions are mediated by changes in cellular levels of cAMP [1].
  • Neuropeptide Y (NPY) and its homolog, peptide YY, are present respectively in neurons and endocrine cells within the mammalian small intestine [13].
  • Pancreatic polypeptide, peptide tyrosine-tyrosine (PYY), and neuropeptide tyrosine (NPY), three members of a family of structurally related peptides, are mainly expressed in the endocrine pancreas, in endocrine cells of the gut, and in the brain, respectively [14].
  • Guanosine 5'-O-thiotriphosphate, a nonhydrolyzable GTP analog, did not inhibit the binding of [125I]APP to porcine or chicken brain membranes, which ran counter to the results of PYY receptors in both species [15].
 

Associations of PYY with chemical compounds

  • PYY and NPY, but not pancreatic polypeptide, starting at nanomolar concentrations, caused a 40-50% inhibition of secretin-, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-, prostaglandin E2-, and forskolin-induced increases in chief cell adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) content and pepsinogen secretion [1].
  • PYY-induced attenuation of chief cell adenylate cyclase activity appears to involve activation of inhibitory G proteins [1].
  • Internalization of bound 125I-PYY was suggested by slow and incomplete dissociation in the presence of unlabeled PYY (50% after 2 h) and was examined further by measuring residual binding after washing with acetic acid (pH 2.5), glycine (pH 10.5), or trypsin [16].
  • Thus we describe the tertiary structure of porcine PYY in water at pH 5.5, 25 degrees C, and 150 mM NaCl, as determined from 2D (1)H NMR data recorded at 500 MHz [17].
  • The primary structure of the peptide was established as Tyr-Pro-Pro-Lys-Pro-Glu-Ser-Pro-Gly-Glu10-Asp-Ala-Ser-Pro-Glu-Glu- Met-Asn- Lys-Tyr20-Leu-Thr-Ala-Leu-Arg-His-Tyr-Ile-Asn-Leu30-Val-Thr- Arg-Gln-Arg-Tyr-NH2 . This unusual peptide, named skin peptide tyrosine-tyrosine (SPYY), exhibits 94% similarity with PYY from the frog Rana ridibunda [14].
 

Regulatory relationships of PYY

 

Other interactions of PYY

  • However, both PYY and NPY concentration-dependently inhibited contraction induced by CCK-8 [7].
  • Binding of 125I-labeled PYY was rapid (70% maximal within 10 min) and specific (not inhibited by secretin, vasoactive intestinal peptide, cholecystokinin, carbachol, prostaglandin E2, forskolin, or cholera toxin) [16].
  • To this end, plasma levels of substance P, GRP, motilin, PYY, somatostatin-28, gastrin, and neurotensin were followed for up to 5 days in pigs after a 16-Gy whole-body X-irradiation, completed by a histopathological study performed at 5 days [19].
 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of PYY

References

  1. Actions of peptide YY and neuropeptide Y on chief cells from guinea pig stomach. Raufman, J.P., Singh, L. Am. J. Physiol. (1991) [Pubmed]
  2. Identification and characterization of the emetic effects of peptide YY. Harding, R.K., McDonald, T.J. Peptides (1989) [Pubmed]
  3. Peptide YY inhibits intestinal Cl- secretion in experimental porcine cryptosporidiosis through a prostaglandin-activated neural pathway. Argenzio, R.A., Armstrong, M., Blikslager, A., Rhoads, J.M. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. (1997) [Pubmed]
  4. Glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion is influenced by perfusate glucose concentration and by a feedback mechanism involving somatostatin in isolated perfused porcine ileum. Hansen, L., Hartmann, B., Mineo, H., Holst, J.J. Regul. Pept. (2004) [Pubmed]
  5. Isolation of two novel candidate hormones using a chemical method for finding naturally occurring polypeptides. Tatemoto, K., Mutt, V. Nature (1980) [Pubmed]
  6. Mechanism of action of peptide YY to inhibit gastric motility. Wiley, J.W., Lu, Y.X., Chung, O.Y. Gastroenterology (1991) [Pubmed]
  7. Functional CCK-A and Y2 receptors in guinea pig esophagus. Huang, S.C. Regul. Pept. (2000) [Pubmed]
  8. Solubilization of high affinity peptide-YY receptors from porcine brain. Inui, A., Okita, M., Miura, M., Hirosue, Y., Nakajima, M., Shii, K., Baba, S., Balasubramaniam, A., Kasuga, M. Endocrinology (1992) [Pubmed]
  9. Vascular pharmacology of BIIE0246, the first selective non-peptide neuropeptide Y Y(2) receptor antagonist, in vivo. Malmström, R.E. Br. J. Pharmacol. (2001) [Pubmed]
  10. Neuropeptide Y: complete amino acid sequence of the brain peptide. Tatemoto, K. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (1982) [Pubmed]
  11. Peptide YY receptors in the brain. Inui, A., Oya, M., Okita, M., Inoue, T., Sakatani, N., Morioka, H., Shii, K., Yokono, K., Mizuno, N., Baba, S. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. (1988) [Pubmed]
  12. Characterization of the receptor response for the neuropeptide Y-evoked suppression of parasympathetically-mediated contractions in the guinea pig trachea. Grundemar, L. Regul. Pept. (1997) [Pubmed]
  13. Actions of neuropeptide Y on basal, cyclic AMP-induced and neurally evoked ion transport in porcine distal jejunum. Brown, D.R., Boster, S.L., Overend, M.F., Parsons, A.M., Treder, B.G. Regul. Pept. (1990) [Pubmed]
  14. Skin peptide tyrosine-tyrosine, a member of the pancreatic polypeptide family: isolation, structure, synthesis, and endocrine activity. Mor, A., Chartrel, N., Vaudry, H., Nicolas, P. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (1994) [Pubmed]
  15. Characterization of the receptors for peptide-YY and avian pancreatic polypeptide in chicken and pig brains. Inui, A., Okita, M., Miura, M., Hirosue, Y., Nakajima, M., Inoue, T., Oya, M., Baba, S. Endocrinology (1990) [Pubmed]
  16. Y2 receptors for peptide YY and neuropeptide Y on dispersed chief cells from guinea pig stomach. Singh, G., Singh, L., Raufman, J.P. Am. J. Physiol. (1992) [Pubmed]
  17. Solution structure of monomeric peptide YY supports the functional significance of the PP-fold. Keire, D.A., Kobayashi, M., Solomon, T.E., Reeve, J.R. Biochemistry (2000) [Pubmed]
  18. Isolation and characterization of peptide YY (PYY), a candidate gut hormone that inhibits pancreatic exocrine secretion. Tatemoto, K. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (1982) [Pubmed]
  19. Screening of a large panel of gastrointestinal peptide plasma levels is not adapted for the evaluation of digestive damage following irradiation. Dublineau, I., Dudoignon, N., Monti, P., Combes, O., Wysocki, J., Grison, S., Baudelin, C., Griffiths, N.M., Scanff, P. Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. (2004) [Pubmed]
  20. Release of PYY from pig intestinal mucosa; luminal and neural regulation. Sheikh, S.P., Holst, J.J., Orskov, C., Ekman, R., Schwartz, T.W. Regul. Pept. (1989) [Pubmed]
  21. Primary structures of PYY, [Pro(34)]PYY, and PYY-(3-36) confer different conformations and receptor selectivity. Keire, D.A., Mannon, P., Kobayashi, M., Walsh, J.H., Solomon, T.E., Reeve, J.R. Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. (2000) [Pubmed]
 
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