Disease relevance of Ranidae

• Substance P-containing ganglion cells become progressively less detectable during retinotectal development in the frog Rana pipiens [1].
• The ability of a number of calcium antagonistic drugs including nitrendipine, D600, and D890 to block contractures in single skinned (sarcolemma removed) muscle fibers of the frog Rana pipiens has been characterized [2].
• Recent data obtained from Rana temporaria sartorius muscles during an isometric tetanus indicate that the time-course of phosphocreatine (PC) splitting cannot account for the total energy (heat + work) liberation (Gilbert et al [3].
• OBJECTIVE: To study the in vitro activity of temporin A, a basic, highly hydrophobic, antimicrobial peptide amide derived from the skin of the European red frog Rana temporaria, alone and in combination with co-amoxiclav, imipenem, ciprofloxacin, linezolid and vancomycin, against 42 nosocomial isolates of Enterococcus faecalis [4].
• Respiration during chronic hypoxia and hyperoxia in larval and adult bullfrogs (Rana catesbeiana). I. Morphological responses of lungs, skin and gills [5].

Psychiatry related information on Ranidae

• Direct intraspinal injection of the catecholamines epinephrine and norepinephrine, and the alpha-adrenergic agents dexmedetomidine and clonidine, produced a dose-dependent elevation of pain thresholds in the Northern grass frog, Rana pipiens [6].
• Nitric oxide changes its role as a modulator of respiratory motor activity during development in the bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) [7].

High impact information on Ranidae

• We recently purified a kainate-binding protein (KBP) from frog (Rana pipiens berlandieri) brain by domoic acid (a high-affinity kainate analogue) affinity chromatography, and showed that the kainate-binding activity was associated with a protein of relative molecular mass 48,000 (Mr 48 K) [8].
• We recorded neuronal activities of sensory neurones from the bullfrog (Rana catesbiana), using the suction pipette method and a 'concentration clamp' technique to apply gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) to the cell [9].
• Prolactin receptors in Rana catesbeiana during development and metamorphosis [10].
• Thyrotropin-releasing hormone: abundance in the skin of the frog, Rana pipiens [11].
• BACKGROUND: Onconase, a protein isolated from oocytes and early embryos of the frog Rana pipiens, shares extensive homology with bovine pancreatic ribonuclease (RNase A) and possesses similar enzyme activity [12].

Chemical compound and disease context of Ranidae

• 1. The sensitivity of normal and denervated cardiac ganglion cells to the cholinergic agonists acetylcholine and carbamylcholine (carbachol) were compared in the frog, Rana pipiens [13].
• 1. The effects of Ca2+ channel blockers (nifedipine, nitrendipine and diltiazem) were tested on K+ contractures in single muscle fibres of the frog, Rana pipiens [14].
• We report that urea plays an important, previously undocumented role in freezing tolerance of the wood frog (Rana sylvatica), a northern woodland species that hibernates terrestrially in sites where dehydration and freezing may occur [15].
• Effect of anoxia and adenosine on cerebral blood flow in the leopard frog (Rana pipiens) [16].
• Toxicity of cadmium, endosulfan, and atrazine in adrenal steroidogenic cells of two amphibian species, Xenopus laevis and Rana catesbeiana [17].

Biological context of Ranidae

• We studied the effects of actinomycin D, alpha-amanitin, puromycin, and cycloheximide on the cytoplasmic activity of maturing Rana pipiens oocytes that induces chromosome condensation in transplanted brain nuclei [18].
• When a group of Rana pipiens tadpoles were treated with dodecanol, half were anesthetized by 4.7 microM (free aqueos concentration), and the corresponding concentration in the tissues was found to be 0.4 mmol per kg wet weight [19].
• Isolation of peptide hormones from the pancreas of the bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana). Amino acid sequences of pancreatic polypeptide, oxyntomodulin, and two glucagon-like peptides [20].
• The Rana catesbeiana rcr gene encoding a cytotoxic ribonuclease. Tissue distribution, cloning, purification, cytotoxicity, and active residues for RNase activity [21].
• In the present study, cDNAs for TFIIIA from Xenopus borealis and Rana catesbeiana (American bullfrog) were cloned and sequenced in order to gain molecular insight into the structure, function, and species variation of TFIIIA and the TFIIIA-type zinc finger [22].

Anatomical context of Ranidae

• The effect of changes in luminal [H+] on intracellular pH in oxynticopeptic cells was examined using intact sheets of frog (Rana catesbeiana) gastric mucosa in which oxynticopeptic cells were selectively loaded with the pH-sensitive fluorescent dye 2',7'-bis(2-carboxyethyl)-5(6)-carboxyfluorescein (BCECF) [23].
• The substructure and distribution of luminal material in microtubules of olfactory axons were studied in the bullfrog, Rana catesbeiana [24].
• We have partially purified CSF-1, which had been stabilized with NaF and ATP, and CSF-2 from cytosols of Rana pipiens eggs by ammonium sulphate (AmS) precipitation and sucrose density gradient centrifugation or gel filtration, and investigated their molecular characteristics [25].
• Isolation and characterization of Rana catesbeiana lectin and demonstration of the lectin-binding glycoprotein of rodent and human tumor cell membranes [26].
• Spinal ganglia from Rana catesbeiana were fixed by osmium impregnation and, in some cases, were then stained en bloc with lead aspartate [27].

Associations of Ranidae with chemical compounds

• Retinas of dark adapted or light exposed Rana pipiens were critical-point-dried and RIS and ROS were split and coated with ultrathin metal films of niobium and chromium--or decorated with gold--and imaged in a new SE-I imaging mode [28].
• Actin has been localized in Rana pipiens retinas that were fixed and embedded in aldehyde cross-linked BSA [29].
• In the present study, we have investigated the distribution and bioactivity of 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17beta-HSD) (EC 1.1.1.62; a key enzyme that is required for the formation of testosterone and estradiol) in the brain of the male frog Rana ridibunda [30].
• Reversible dissociation of a carbamoyl phosphate synthase-aspartate transcarbamoylase-dihydroorotase complex from ovarian eggs of Rana catesbeiana: effect of uridine triphosphate and other modifiers [31].
• The primary structure of the peptide was established as Tyr-Pro-Pro-Lys-Pro-Glu-Ser-Pro-Gly-Glu10-Asp-Ala-Ser-Pro-Glu-Glu- Met-Asn- Lys-Tyr20-Leu-Thr-Ala-Leu-Arg-His-Tyr-Ile-Asn-Leu30-Val-Thr- Arg-Gln-Arg-Tyr-NH2 . This unusual peptide, named skin peptide tyrosine-tyrosine (SPYY), exhibits 94% similarity with PYY from the frog Rana ridibunda [32].

Gene context of Ranidae

• The amidated decapeptide neuromedin B (NMB) is the mammalian homolog of the amphibian bombesin-like peptide ranatensin. cDNAs encoding human neuromedin B and amphibian ranatensin were isolated from human hypothalamic and Rana pipiens skin libraries, respectively [33].
• An amphibian VIP/PACAP receptor complementary DNA (cDNA) has been cloned and characterized from a frog (Rana ridibunda) pituitary cDNA library [34].
• Thus, the D-p-iodophenylalanine7-containing analogue Ac-Nle4-c[Asp5,D-Phe(pI)7,Lys10]alpha-MSH-(4-10)-NH2 is a potent antagonist (pA2 = 10.3) in the classical frog skin (Rana pipiens) assay (MC1-R), as is the D-2'-naphthylalanine7 (D-Nal(2)7)-containing analogue Ac-Nle4-c[Asp5,D-Nal(2)7,Lys10]alpha-MSH-(4-10)-NH2 (pA2 > 10.3) [35].
• The activities and structures of certain L198 variants of human carbonic anhydrase II (CAII) have been reported recently [Krebs, J. F., Rana, F., Dluhy, R. A., & Fierke, C. A. (1993) Biochemistry 32, 4496-4505; Nair, S. K., & Christianson, D. W. (1993) Biochemistry 32, 4506-4514] [36].
• Ribonuclease activity of sialic acid-binding lectin from Rana catesbeiana eggs [37].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Ranidae

• Antimicrobial peptides from skin secretions of Rana esculenta. Molecular cloning of cDNAs encoding esculentin and brevinins and isolation of new active peptides [38].
• Sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) terminal cisternae (TC) of frog (Rana esculenta) fast-twitch skeletal muscle have been purified by isopycnic sucrose density gradient centrifugation [39].
• Dot blots and Northern blots of total RNA from the heterokaryons contained material that reacted with an adult Rana alpha-globin probe; newly synthesized adult Rana hemoglobin tetramers were detected with native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis [40].
• Hypothalamic extracts from frogs (Rana pipiens) were found to contain a significant quantity of immunoreactive LHRH (3.27 +/- 0.63 ng/hypothalamus) (mean +/- SE) measured by radioimmunoassay [41].
• The pineal organ of the frog, Rana esculenta and R. temporaria, was studied by opsin immunocytochemistry using two polyclonal antibovine rhodopsin and the monoclonal antichicken opsin antibodies OS-2 (detecting blue and green pigments) and COS-1 (detecting green and red pigments) [42].

References