Disease relevance of RHOF

• Relatively elevated levels of RHOF were seen in lymphomas derived from germinal centre origin [1].
• Previous microarray studies demonstrated RHOF upregulation in a subset of transformed follicular lymphomas [1].
• Among the various viral and liver diseases studied RIF appeared to be specific for hepatitis A and B viral infections [2].
• None of 64 sera from a variety of viral infections including Epstein-Barr virus cytomegalovirus mononucleosis with associated hepatitis nor 15 sera from patients with several chronic nonviral liver diseases were positive for RIF [2].
• RIF and its associated extrinsic defect in ER function therefore appear to correlate with a particular type of hepatocellular injury initiated by the hepatitis A and B viruses that may have a propensity for persistence and(or) progression to an aggressive form of chronic hepatitis [2].

High impact information on RHOF

• At maximally effective concentrations, RIF (rosette inhibiting factor) inhibited T lymphocyte rosetting by approximately 40% (mean from 184 healthy controls) [3].
• The Rho family GTPase Rif induces filopodia through mDia2 [4].
• We report here that rifin proteins (RIF proteins), belonging to the largest known family of variable infected erythrocyte surface-expressed proteins, are also naturally immunogenic [5].
• Recombinant RIF proteins were used to analyze the antibody responses of individuals living in an area of intense malaria transmission [5].
• Further in vivo studies showed that 5% BMOV-loaded PCL (containing 20% methoxypolyethylene glycol) was effective in preventing tumour regrowth of resected RIF tumour masses in mice when the PCL-BMOV paste was applied to the resected site for localized drug delivery [6].

Chemical compound and disease context of RHOF

• Assessment of bacteraemia has been made at weekly intervals in 36 lepromatous leprosy patients who were put on different antileprosy drug under four regimens, viz., DDS alone, DDS in combination with rifampicin (DDS + RIF), clofazimine (DDS + CLF) and thiacetazone (DDS + TCT) [7].

Biological context of RHOF

• Germ-free rats associated with either rat- (RIF), human- (HIF) or pig-(PIF) derived Enterobacteriaceae-free intestinal flora were used for in vivo experiments to detect transfer of antibiotic resistance [8].
• These patients were further divided into those with advanced maternal age (AMA, n = 49) and those with recurrent implantation failure (RIF, n = 23) [9].
• BSO treatments which reduced GSH levels in four cell lines (CHO, V79, EMT6, RIF) to approximately 80% of controls, 30% of controls, or undetectable levels uniformly decreased cell survival [10].
• We have found that the RIF fibrosarcoma and SMT-F mammary carcinoma in mice, a intrapancreatic tumor in the hamster and a tumor removed from a patient with a myxoid sarcoma, make take up Hpd or DHE by endocytosis [11].
• Oocyte quality, as determined by patient age and aneuploidies, probably plays a major role in RIF [12].

Anatomical context of RHOF

• We have studied the expression of RHOF, a member of the Rho-GTPase family, in an array of lymphoid cells and tissues [1].
• Cells and tissues of B-cell origin expressed higher RHOF levels than their T-cell counterparts [1].
• Neoplastic cells and tissues of B-cell origin expressed higher levels of RHOF than their benign cellular counterparts [1].
• In vivo studies have provided evidence of a non-steroidal factor from ovine corpora lutea (CL) of pregnancy called LH-release inhibiting factor (LH-RIF), which specifically inhibits tonic LH release without affecting FSH secretion [13].
• CONCLUSION(S): Zygote intrafallopian transfer is a powerful clinical tool in the management of patients with RIF [14].

Associations of RHOF with chemical compounds

• The results confirm the potential of vanadium as an antineoplastic agent and show that the injectable PCL-BMOV formulation releases a chemotherapeutic dose of vanadium for the systemic treatment of whole tumours as well as the localized treatment of resected RIF tumours [6].
• BACKGROUND: Two months of rifampin and pyrazinamide (RIF/PZA) for tuberculosis prevention has been advocated as a way to improve adherence in mobile populations, such as recent immigrants [15].
• Those agents producing the greatest mRNA accumulation were 10 microM RIF (699 +/- 307% of control levels) 100 microM phenytoin (707 +/- 188% of control), 1 mM phenobarbital (536 +/- 207% of control), and 100 microM omeprazole (404 +/- 8% of control) [16].
• In tests with 14C CMP-NANA and gonococcal lipopolysaccharide, no sialyltransferase activity was detected, even in highly active samples of high M(r) RIF under conditions in which low activities of rat liver sialyltransferase were readily detected [17].
• Interestingly, measuring peroxides production in RIF showed that only epicatechin inhibited the first stage of oxidation [18].

Other interactions of RHOF

• Expression of the Rho-family GTPase gene RHOF in lymphocyte subsets and malignant lymphomas [1].
• Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction evaluated RHOF expression in lymphocyte subpopulations, and normal and malignant lymphoid tissue [1].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of RHOF

• Laser Doppler flowmetry measurement revealed that both L-NNA and L-NAME strongly inhibit blood flow in RIF and SCCVII tumours, but not in EMT6 and FsaR tumours [19].
• The role of nitric oxide (NO) in the response to Photofrin-based photodynamic therapy (PDT) was investigated using mouse tumour models characterized by either relatively high or low endogenous NO production (RIF and SCCVII vs EMT6 and FsaR, respectively) [19].
• Similarly, animal models of latent tuberculosis have suggested that alternative, short-course combinations such as RIF/PZA may be effective, and clinical trials of that two-drug regimen are continuing [20].
• After fixation and enzymatic treatment, fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) was carried out on 1147 blastomeres with specific probes for chromosomes 13, 16, 18, 21 and 22 for AMA group, 13, 18, 21, X and Y for AGCM group and 13, 16, 18, 21, 22, X and Y for RIF and RSA groups respectively [21].
• Results indicate that in the postoperative period analyzed, dentoskeletal movements in the RIF group were inferior compared with the WF group [22].

References