Disease relevance of Trypanosomatina

• We have isolated cDNAs from the Trypanosomatidae Leishmania major and Trypanosoma cruzi capable of complementing the deficiency of exonuclease III and dUTPase in the Escherichia coli mutant BW286 [1].

High impact information on Trypanosomatina

• Interesting was the observation that only pathogenic members of the Trypanosomatidae formed rosettes with sensitized SRBC [2].
• Members of the Trypanosomatidae were studied for their ability to acquire host IgG through a possible Fc receptor [2].
• We have established in vivo assays to study in detail trans splicing, cap4 modification, and RNP assembly of the SL RNA in the trypanosomatid species Leptomonas seymouri [3].
• Trypanosomatidae produce acetate via a mitochondrial acetate:succinate CoA transferase [4].
• We have studied partially edited molecules for the cytochrome-c oxidase subunit III (COIII) transcript from two species of the insect trypanosome Herpetomonas [5].

Biological context of Trypanosomatina

• Small nucleolar RNA clusters in trypanosomatid Leptomonas collosoma. Genome organization, expression studies, and the potential role of sequences present upstream from the first repeated cluster [6].
• RNA editing associated with the generation of two distinct conformations of the trypanosomatid Leptomonas collosoma 7SL RNA [7].
• Characterization of RNA transcripts from the alpha tubulin gene cluster of Leptomonas seymouri [8].
• Although obtusifoliol specificity is typical for plant isoforms of CYP51, the set of sterol biosynthetic enzymes in the protozoan genomes together with available information about sterol composition of kinetoplastid cells suggest that the substrate preference of TBCYP51 may reflect a novel sterol biosynthetic pathway in Trypanosomatidae [9].
• Previously we have shown that a single copy of a MX gene can be expressed continuously from a stable episome transfected into the monogenetic trypanosomatid Leptomonas seymouri [10].

Anatomical context of Trypanosomatina

• The C-terminus (His-Lys-Met) of trihydroxycoprostanoyl-CoA oxidase did not seem to interact with the C-terminal peroxisomal targeting signal 1 (PTS1) import receptor, although the tripeptide fits the rule of conserved PTS1 variants for targeting of proteins to glycosomes of Trypanosomatidae [11].
• The pyrophosphate-dependent H+ uptake was dependent of ion K+ and inhibited by Na+ Herpetomonas sp. immunolabeled with monoclonal antibodies raised against a Trypanosoma cruzi V-H+-pyrophosphatase shows intense fluorescence in cytoplasmatic organelles of size and distribution similar to the electron-dense vacuoles [12].
• Cis-9,10-Methyleneoctadecanoic acid, one of a group of cyclopropane fatty acids commonly found in bacteria but not in eukaryotic cells, has been identified in the phosphatidylethanolamines of 27 isolates representing 5 genera of trypanosomatid flagellates (Crithidia, Leptomonas, Herpetomonas, Phytomonas, Leishmania) [13].
• Influence of 2-deoxy-D-glucose on the localization of concanavalin A receptors on the cell membrane of Herpetomonas sp [14].
• Phagocytosis of Herpetomonas samuelpessoai by mouse peritoneal macrophages: effect of lidocaine, concanavalin A and carbohydrates [15].

Associations of Trypanosomatina with chemical compounds

• Mitochondrial localization of the mevalonate pathway enzyme 3-Hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase in the Trypanosomatidae [16].
• 3-Hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGR) is a key enzyme in the sterol biosynthesis pathway, but its subcellular distribution in the Trypanosomatidae family is somewhat controversial [16].
• Novel (rhamnosyl and ribosyl) and uncommon (xylosyl) monosaccharide residues are present in asparagine-linked oligosaccharides of the trypanosomatid Blastocrithidia culicis [17].
• Aqueous phenol extraction of the lower trypanosomatid Leptomonas samueli released into the aqueous layer a chloroform/methanol/water-soluble glycophosphosphingolipid fraction [18].
• In the Trypanosomatidae, trypanothione has subsumed many of the roles of glutathione in defense against chemical and oxidant stress [19].

Gene context of Trypanosomatina

• Tryparedoxin peroxidase (TXNPx), recently identified as the hydroperoxide-detoxifying enzyme of trypanosomatidae [Nogoceke, E., Gommel, D. U., Kiess, M., Kalisz, H. M. & Flohé, L. (1997) Biol. Chem. 378, 827-836], is a member of the peroxiredoxin family and is characterized by two VCP motifs [20].
• In this study, we characterized four snoRNA clusters in Leptomonas collosoma [6].
• Moreover, only genes related to the glycosomal GAPDH genes of Trypanosomatidae could be detected [21].
• Magnesium-dependent ecto-ATP diphosphohydrolase activity in Herpetomonas muscarum muscarum [22].
• Using conventional chromatography, we discovered a small RNA molecule of 85 nucleotides co-migrating with the Leptomonas collosoma 7SL RNA [23].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Trypanosomatina

• Polyamines were determined by n-butanol extraction and thin-layer chromatography in four trypanosomatids: Trypanosoma brucei (rat infection) and cultures of Crithidia fasciculata, Leptomonas sp., and Trypanosoma mega [24].
• The expression of sialoglycoconjugates during the dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO)-induced differentiation of Herpetomonas samuelpessoai was analyzed by flow cytometry and Western blotting using sialic acid-specific lectins [25].
• We have analyzed the proteinase profile of two Herpetomonas species, H. anglusteri and H. roitmani (a symbiont-bearing trypanosomatid), by in situ detection of enzyme activities on SDS-PAGE gels containing copolymerized gelatin as substrate [26].

References