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Hoffmann, R. A wiki for the life sciences where authorship matters. Nature Genetics (2008)
 
MeSH Review

Cell Polarity

 
 
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Disease relevance of Cell Polarity

 

High impact information on Cell Polarity

 

Biological context of Cell Polarity

 

Anatomical context of Cell Polarity

  • Integrin-mediated activation of Cdc42 controls cell polarity in migrating astrocytes through PKCzeta [15].
  • The roles of Cdc42 in stimulating changes in the actin cytoskeleton and in the establishment of cell polarity have been known for some time [16].
  • The Côte D'Azure provided a stunning backdrop for a recent conference* on the role of microfilament function and regulation in cell polarity [17].
  • Here we review studies of the pathways that allow Ca(2+) entry, the function of Ca(2+) in the regulation of cell polarity and motility and the principles by which Ca(2+)-dependent transcription regulates lymphocyte function [18].
  • Despite regaining cell polarity, however, epithelial cells in crb and lgl pathway mutants fail to re-establish normal overall tissue architecture, indicating that the timely acquisition of polarized cell structure is essential for normal tissue organization [19].
 

Associations of Cell Polarity with chemical compounds

  • Cells lacking crumbs or the functionally related gene stardust fail to organize a continuous ZA and to maintain cell polarity [20].
  • Thus, GNOM-dependent vesicle trafficking may establish cell polarity, resulting in polar auxin transport [21].
  • Addition of the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 results in a rapid loss of cell polarity and the axial distribution of actin, myosin, and PAKa [22].
  • The guanine-nucleotide-exchange factor Cdc24 is a critical regulator of cell polarity [23].
  • IGF-I stimulation of cholesterol-depleted cells induces projection of multiple pseudopodia over the entire cell periphery, indicating that raft disruption specifically affects the acquisition of cell polarity, but not IGF-I-induced protrusion activity [24].
 

Gene context of Cell Polarity

  • Flamingo, a seven-pass transmembrane cadherin, regulates planar cell polarity under the control of Frizzled [25].
  • The similarity to CRB suggests a role for CRB1 in cell-cell interaction and possibly in the maintenance of cell polarity in the retina [26].
  • Temperature-sensitive cells with mutations of the CDC24 and CDC42 genes, which are incapable of budding and of generating cell polarity at the restrictive temperature, are also unable to mate [27].
  • Therefore, the inability of cdc24 and cdc42 mutants to mate has been presumed to be due to a requirement for generation of cell polarity and related morphogenetic events during conjugation [27].
  • We conclude that Cdc42 regulates cell polarity through the spatial regulation of GSK-3beta and Apc [28].
 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Cell Polarity

References

  1. Cytoskeletal dynamics and cell signaling during planar polarity establishment in the Drosophila embryonic denticle. Price, M.H., Roberts, D.M., McCartney, B.M., Jezuit, E., Peifer, M. J. Cell. Sci. (2006) [Pubmed]
  2. The biological and prognostic significance of cell polarity and E-cadherin in grade I infiltrating ductal carcinoma of the breast. Tan, D.S., Potts, H.W., Leong, A.C., Gillett, C.E., Skilton, D., Harris, W.H., Liebmann, R.D., Hanby, A.M. J. Pathol. (1999) [Pubmed]
  3. Pathogenesis of colloid (pure mucinous) carcinoma of exocrine organs: Coupling of gel-forming mucin (MUC2) production with altered cell polarity and abnormal cell-stroma interaction may be the key factor in the morphogenesis and indolent behavior of colloid carcinoma in the breast and pancreas. Adsay, N.V., Merati, K., Nassar, H., Shia, J., Sarkar, F., Pierson, C.R., Cheng, J.D., Visscher, D.W., Hruban, R.H., Klimstra, D.S. Am. J. Surg. Pathol. (2003) [Pubmed]
  4. Role of HGF/SF and c-Met in morphogenesis and metastasis of epithelial cells. Birchmeier, W., Brinkmann, V., Niemann, C., Meiners, S., DiCesare, S., Naundorf, H., Sachs, M. Ciba Found. Symp. (1997) [Pubmed]
  5. Defective planar cell polarity in polycystic kidney disease. Fischer, E., Legue, E., Doyen, A., Nato, F., Nicolas, J.F., Torres, V., Yaniv, M., Pontoglio, M. Nat. Genet. (2006) [Pubmed]
  6. Ciliogenesis defects in embryos lacking inturned or fuzzy function are associated with failure of planar cell polarity and Hedgehog signaling. Park, T.J., Haigo, S.L., Wallingford, J.B. Nat. Genet. (2006) [Pubmed]
  7. The apical determinants aPKC and dPatj regulate Frizzled-dependent planar cell polarity in the Drosophila eye. Djiane, A., Yogev, S., Mlodzik, M. Cell (2005) [Pubmed]
  8. Regulation of WASP: PIP2 Pipped by Toca-1? Insall, R.H., Machesky, L.M. Cell (2004) [Pubmed]
  9. Hippocampal neuronal polarity specified by spatially localized mPar3/mPar6 and PI 3-kinase activity. Shi, S.H., Jan, L.Y., Jan, Y.N. Cell (2003) [Pubmed]
  10. Nuclear export of Far1p in response to pheromones requires the export receptor Msn5p/Ste21p. Blondel, M., Alepuz, P.M., Huang, L.S., Shaham, S., Ammerer, G., Peter, M. Genes Dev. (1999) [Pubmed]
  11. The formins: active scaffolds that remodel the cytoskeleton. Wallar, B.J., Alberts, A.S. Trends Cell Biol. (2003) [Pubmed]
  12. FH proteins as cytoskeletal organizers. Wasserman, S. Trends Cell Biol. (1998) [Pubmed]
  13. Signaling pathways controlling cell polarity and chemotaxis. Chung, C.Y., Funamoto, S., Firtel, R.A. Trends Biochem. Sci. (2001) [Pubmed]
  14. Crumbs interacts with moesin and beta(Heavy)-spectrin in the apical membrane skeleton of Drosophila. Médina, E., Williams, J., Klipfell, E., Zarnescu, D., Thomas, G., Le Bivic, A. J. Cell Biol. (2002) [Pubmed]
  15. Integrin-mediated activation of Cdc42 controls cell polarity in migrating astrocytes through PKCzeta. Etienne-Manneville, S., Hall, A. Cell (2001) [Pubmed]
  16. Cdc42: new roads to travel. Cerione, R.A. Trends Cell Biol. (2004) [Pubmed]
  17. Actin' up (and down). Hyams, J.S. Trends Cell Biol. (2002) [Pubmed]
  18. Lymphocyte calcium signaling from membrane to nucleus. Gallo, E.M., Canté-Barrett, K., Crabtree, G.R. Nat. Immunol. (2006) [Pubmed]
  19. Interactions between the crumbs, lethal giant larvae and bazooka pathways in epithelial polarization. Tanentzapf, G., Tepass, U. Nat. Cell Biol. (2003) [Pubmed]
  20. Drosophila Stardust is a partner of Crumbs in the control of epithelial cell polarity. Bachmann, A., Schneider, M., Theilenberg, E., Grawe, F., Knust, E. Nature (2001) [Pubmed]
  21. Coordinated polar localization of auxin efflux carrier PIN1 by GNOM ARF GEF. Steinmann, T., Geldner, N., Grebe, M., Mangold, S., Jackson, C.L., Paris, S., Gälweiler, L., Palme, K., Jürgens, G. Science (1999) [Pubmed]
  22. Control of cell polarity and chemotaxis by Akt/PKB and PI3 kinase through the regulation of PAKa. Chung, C.Y., Potikyan, G., Firtel, R.A. Mol. Cell (2001) [Pubmed]
  23. The ins and outs of cell-polarity decisions. O'Shea, E.K., Herskowitz, I. Nat. Cell Biol. (2000) [Pubmed]
  24. Membrane raft microdomains mediate front-rear polarity in migrating cells. Mañes, S., Mira, E., Gómez-Moutón, C., Lacalle, R.A., Keller, P., Labrador, J.P., Martínez-A, C. EMBO J. (1999) [Pubmed]
  25. Flamingo, a seven-pass transmembrane cadherin, regulates planar cell polarity under the control of Frizzled. Usui, T., Shima, Y., Shimada, Y., Hirano, S., Burgess, R.W., Schwarz, T.L., Takeichi, M., Uemura, T. Cell (1999) [Pubmed]
  26. Mutations in a human homologue of Drosophila crumbs cause retinitis pigmentosa (RP12). den Hollander, A.I., ten Brink, J.B., de Kok, Y.J., van Soest, S., van den Born, L.I., van Driel, M.A., van de Pol, D.J., Payne, A.M., Bhattacharya, S.S., Kellner, U., Hoyng, C.B., Westerveld, A., Brunner, H.G., Bleeker-Wagemakers, E.M., Deutman, A.F., Heckenlively, J.R., Cremers, F.P., Bergen, A.A. Nat. Genet. (1999) [Pubmed]
  27. Role for the Rho-family GTPase Cdc42 in yeast mating-pheromone signal pathway. Simon, M.N., De Virgilio, C., Souza, B., Pringle, J.R., Abo, A., Reed, S.I. Nature (1995) [Pubmed]
  28. Cdc42 regulates GSK-3beta and adenomatous polyposis coli to control cell polarity. Etienne-Manneville, S., Hall, A. Nature (2003) [Pubmed]
  29. Dishevelled controls cell polarity during Xenopus gastrulation. Wallingford, J.B., Rowning, B.A., Vogeli, K.M., Rothbächer, U., Fraser, S.E., Harland, R.M. Nature (2000) [Pubmed]
  30. Dissection of Arabidopsis ADP-RIBOSYLATION FACTOR 1 function in epidermal cell polarity. Xu, J., Scheres, B. Plant Cell (2005) [Pubmed]
  31. cyk-1: a C. elegans FH gene required for a late step in embryonic cytokinesis. Swan, K.A., Severson, A.F., Carter, J.C., Martin, P.R., Schnabel, H., Schnabel, R., Bowerman, B. J. Cell. Sci. (1998) [Pubmed]
 
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