Disease relevance of Hymenolepis

• In contrast to IgG1 antibodies, which were often detected in sera from patients infected with Schistosoma, Echinococcus granulosus, Ascaris lumbricoides, Ancylostoma duodenale, or Hymenolepis nana, FWAP-specific IgG4 antibodies were detected exclusively in the sera of patients with fascioliasis [1].

High impact information on Hymenolepis

• We report a case of Hymenolepis diminuta infection in an Italian child affected by tuberous sclerosis [2].
• Serotoninlike immunoreactivity in the cestode Hymenolepis diminuta was studied at the light microscope level by using an antibody specific to serotonin [3].
• However, the zinc sulfate procedure was more effective for the detection of protozoan cysts, Hymenolepis nana, and hookworm eggs [4].
• Immunosuppressive and antiparasitic effects of cyclosporin A on Hymenolepis nana infection in mice [5].
• Importance of interferon-gamma in protective immunity against Hymenolepis nana cysticercoids derived from challenge infection with eggs in BALB/c mice [6].

Biological context of Hymenolepis

• Rhodoquinone requirement of the Hymenolepis diminuta mitochondrial electron transport system [7].
• The role of glucose in the lipid metabolism of the rat tapeworm Hymenolepis diminuta [8].
• Kinetics of mast cells, eosinophils and phospholipase B activity in the spontaneous-cure response of two strains of mice (rapid and slow responder) to the cestode Hymenolepis nana [9].
• An acute dose of monosodium L-glutamate causes decreased fecundity and enhanced loss of the cestode Hymenolepis diminuta from rats [10].
• The effect of the putative amino acid transmitter, L-glutamate, on adenylate cyclase in crude membrane preparations of the rat tapeworm Hymenolepis diminuta was investigated to determine if glutamate effects the generation of the second messenger cAMP [11].

Anatomical context of Hymenolepis

• During growth and maturation of the tapeworm, Hymenolepis diminuta, significant decreases occur in the brush border membrane-bound alkaline phosphatase, phosphodiesterase, 5'-nucleotidase, adenosine triphosphatase and ribonuclease activities [12].
• Effects of cyclophosphamide and dexamethasone on mast cell populations in Hymenolepis microstoma-infected mice [13].
• Inhibitory action of deoxyspergualin on effector/memory T cell generation during Hymenolepis nana infection in mice [14].
• The egg shell of Hymenolepis diminuta is composed of 31.7% protein and 2.9% carbohydrate (by weight), as determined using the Lowry and phenol-sulfuric acid assays and bovine serum albumin and glucose, respectively, as standards [15].
• Four acidic glutathione (GSH) transferase forms were isolated from the cytosol of the adult cestode Hymenolepis diminuta by hydroxylapatite chromatography, glutathione-affinity chromatography and chromatofocusing, pH 7-5 [16].

Associations of Hymenolepis with chemical compounds

• The effect of worm age, weight and number in the infection on the absorption of glucose by Hymenolepis diminuta [17].
• Mebendazole and the development of Hymenolepis nana in mice [18].
• Niclosamide as a treatment for Hymenolepis diminuta and Dipylidium caninum infection in man [19].
• With the enzyme from L1210 cells and the tapeworm Hymenolepis diminuta, AZTMP was a weak inhibitor competitive with respect to dUMP (Ki = 6.3 mM and 0.5 mM); hence cytotoxicity of AZT, in cells in which accumulation of AZTMP is not high, is not due to inhibition of cellular thymidylate synthase [20].
• In vivo treatment with a therapeutically effective dose of ABZ caused a severe disturbance in the energy balance of Hymenolepis diminuta; this was evident from a distinct drop in ATP levels, and from a decline in the ATP/ADP ratios, adenylate energy charge (AEC) and available adenylate energy (AAE) values.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)[21]

Gene context of Hymenolepis

• Mice genetically deficient in IL-4, IL-13, or STAT-6 were infected with the cestode Hymenolepis diminuta and worm infectivity and jejunal goblet cell responses assessed 12-18 days postinfection (PI) [22].
• Oncospheral agglutination given by sera immunized with Hymenolepis nana eggs is described as a new way of assessing H. nana infection [23].
• Cross-reactivity was evaluated in sera from patients with Echinococcus granulosus (hydatid) and Hymenolepis nana infections [24].
• Intramitochondrial localization of fumarate reductase, NADPH----NAD transhydrogenase, 'malic' enzyme and fumarase in adult Hymenolepis diminuta [25].
• Immune response to the cestode Hymenolepis nana: cytokine production during infection with eggs or cysts [26].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Hymenolepis

• The teguments of 6 and 10 day-old Hymenolepis diminuta were removed with Triton X-100 and separated into brush border and vesicular fractions by differential centrifugation [27].
• Myoinositol and scylloinositol have been identified qualitatively and quantitatively by gas-liquid chromatography in Hymenolepis diminuta [28].
• Cysticercoids (metacestodes) of Hymenolepis diminuta were incubated in Tyrode's salt solution (pH 7.2) containing 1.25 mM or 40 mM trehalose for 5 or 18 hr, and the amounts of trehalose remaining in the media were determined using high-pressure liquid chromatography [29].
• Thus, in order to determine if infection induces antibodies against Hymenolepis nana antigens, sera from 52 infected children were initially studied on Ouchterlony plates and then by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), using a crude antigenic extract prepared from scolex and neck regions of adult worms [30].

References