Disease relevance of Veillonella

• LPS from Bacteroides oralis converted Co mainly via the alternative pathway, whereas LPS from Fusobacterium nucleatum and Veillonella parvula const pronounced lipid A-dependent conversion [1].
• Among all anaerobes tested, 94% (160 of 171 strains) were susceptible to < or = 4 microg of telithromycin/ml; however, 8 of 17 (47%) Fusobacterium strains, 2 Veillonella strains, and 1 Peptostreptococcus micros strain required > 4 microg of telithromycin/ml for inhibition [2].
• Moxalactam and cefotaxime showed activity similar to the other drugs against the remaining species of Bacteroides, Fusobacterium, Actinomyces, Propionibacterium, and Veillonella [3].
• Fusobacterium nucleatum, Actinomyces odontolyticus, propionibacteria, lactobacilli, peptostreptococci, Streptococcus intermedius and Veillonella were sensitive to cefotaxime [4].
• Tetracycline-resistant organisms isolated from six patients with periodontal disease included Bacteroides spp., Eubacterium spp., Fusobacterium nucleatum, Neisseria perflava-N. sicca, Peptostreptococcus anaerobius, Veillonella parvula, and facultative streptococci [5].

High impact information on Veillonella

• Sequence of the sodium ion pump methylmalonyl-CoA decarboxylase from Veillonella parvula [6].
• Acetate kinase from Veillonella alcalescens. Regulation by succinate and substrates [7].
• nimE gene in a metronidazole-susceptible Veillonella sp. strain [8].
• The geometric mean MIC of levofloxacin was lower than those of ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin for every group except Veillonella [9].
• All strains of Bacteroides capillosus, Prevotella spp., Porphyromonas spp., Fusobacterium spp., Clostridium spp., Eubacterium spp., Peptostreptococcus spp., and Veillonella parvula were susceptible (MICs of < or = 2 micrograms/ml) to BAY y 3118 [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Veillonella

• Utilization of fructose and ribose in lipopolysaccharide synthesis by Veillonella parvula [11].
• Veillonella alcalescens subsp. dispar was grown in a synthetic medium containing either radiolabeled thymidine or uridine to monitor cell lysis by assay of the release of deoxyribonucleic acid or ribonucleic acid (RNA), respectively [12].
• Under anaerobic conditions, the rate of metabolism of lactate by starved resting cells of Veillonella dispar ATCC 17745 was very low [13].
• Nitrite reduction was examined in Veillonella alcalescens C-1, and obligate anaerobe with an ATP-yielding nitrate-reducing system [14].
• Veillonella alcalescens ATCC 17745, a strictly anaerobic, gram-negative small coccus, requires putrescine or cadaverine for growth (M. B. Ritchey, and E. A. Delwiche, J. Bacteriol. 124:1213-1219, 1975) [15].

Biological context of Veillonella

• The steric course of the decarboxylation of (S)-methylmalonyl-CoA to propionyl-CoA, catalyzed by the biotin-dependent sodium pump methylmalonyl-CoA decarboxylase of Veillonella alcalescens was determined [16].
• Studies on the effects of inhibitors of the nitrate-reducing activity of Veillonella alcalescens extracts suggest the participation of a naphthoquinone, a b-type cytochrome, and non-heme iron in electron transport to nitrate [17].

Anatomical context of Veillonella

• Small but statistically significant restoration of the Veillonella response was also achieved by the addition of indomethacin or mefenamic acid to unfractionated cell cultures, indicating only a minor role of prostaglandin (PG) synthesis in the expression of suppressor cells [18].
• An assessment of the Gram-negative subgingival microflora present in both ANUP patients (in colony forming unit percent of total CFU recovered) (CFU %) revealed the presence of P. intermedia (ANUP1, 41.7 CFU %; ANUP2, 14.8 CFU %), Fusobacterium nucleatum (ANUP1, 3.6 CFU %; ANUP2, 48.1 CFU %), and Veillonella spp [19].
• Monocytes were cultured with a panel of bacterial stimulants, including Escherichia coli and Porphyromonas gingivalis LPS, and whole formalinized periodontal pathogens P. gingivalis, Bacteroides forsythus and Prevotella intermedia, and health-associated organisms Veillonella parvula and Streptococcus sanguis [20].
• Fibrillar and fimbriate strains of Streptococcus salivarius were compared for their ability to adhere to buccal epithelial cells and saliva-coated hydroxyapatite beads, and for their ability to coaggregate with Veillonella strains [21].

Gene context of Veillonella

• Studies by electron-paramagnetic-resonance spectroscopy on the mechanism of action of xanthine dehydrogenase from Veillonella alcalescens [22].
• METHODS: Penicillin-binding protein (PBP) competition studies were conducted in Veillonella strains, with piperacillin MICs ranging from 0.5 to >128 mg/L and ampicillin MICs from 0.125 to 4 mg/L [23].
• Remarkably, a mmdE gene which is present in the homologous mmdADECB cluster from Veillonella parvula and encodes the 6-kDa epsilon-subunit, is missing in P. modestum [24].
• Since the in vitro response to an unrelated antigen PPD had been found unimpaired, the described TG-cell-mediated suppression of the Veillonella response is apparently antigen-specific [18].
• Phenotypic differentiation of some of the Veillonella species with the API ZYM system [25].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Veillonella

• Streptococcus, Veillonella and Neisseria were the bacterial genera found to be consistently resistant to tetracycline, with minimum inhibitory concentrations as high as 128 micrograms/ml [26].

References