Disease relevance of Prevotella

• The culture filtrate of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella loescheii, and Fusobacterium nucleatum, which contains high a percentage of butyric acid, induced DNA fragmentation in WEHI 231 cells [1].
• BAY 12-8039 was active against anaerobes (MIC90S < or = 2 micrograms/ml), being three- to fourfold more active against Bacteroides fragilis, Prevotella spp., and Clostridium difficile than was ciprofloxacin [2].
• These data suggest that all of these coaggregations involve either a protein or glycoprotein on the Prevotella strain, which may interact with carbohydrates or carbohydrate-containing molecules on the surface of the Actinomyces strain [3].
• Susceptibilities of Eikenella corrodens, Prevotella intermedia, and Prevotella nigrescens clinical isolates to amoxicillin and tetracycline [4].
• Cell surface ICAM-1 was upregulated on HGF under transcriptional control by exposure not only to interleukin-1 beta, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and gamma interferon but also to sonic extracts prepared from Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella intermedia (nigrescens) and lipopolysaccharides from Escherichia coli [5].

High impact information on Prevotella

• A lactose-sensitive adhesin has been isolated from Prevotella loescheii PK1295, and it exhibits the adherence properties observed with whole cells [6].
• Monocytic cell activation by Nonendotoxic glycoprotein from Prevotella intermedia ATCC 25611 is mediated by toll-like receptor 2 [7].
• A nonendotoxic glycoprotein with bioactivity against cells from C3H/HeJ mice was purified from a hot phenol-water extract of P. intermedia ATCC 25611 and designated Prevotella glycoprotein (PGP) [7].
• GAR-936 was also very active against all anaerobic species, including tetracycline-, doxycycline-, and minocycline-resistant strains of Prevotella spp., Porphyromonas spp., Bacteroides tectum, and Peptostreptococcus spp., with an MIC(90) of < or =0.25 microg/ml [8].
• For anaerobes the MIC ranges and MIC(90)s of ABT-773 were as follows, respectively: Prevotella heparinolytica, 0 [9].

Chemical compound and disease context of Prevotella

• Some lipopolysaccharide (LPS) preparations from S- or R-form members of the family Enterobacteriaceae and oral black-pigmented bacteria (Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella intermedia) are known to activate LPS-refractory C3H/HeJ macrophages [10].
• Twenty-three (68%) Prevotella intermedia isolates and 14 (67%) Prevotella nigrescens isolates were susceptible to amoxicillin [4].
• Clindamycin was active against 94% of Bacteroides, Prevotella, and Porphyromonas spp., 91% of peptostreptococci, and 100% of gram-positive non-spore-forming rods, but was active against only 70% of fusobacteria and 53% of clostridia [11].
• Clindamycin, imipenem, cefmetazole, amoxicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanate, and metronidazole were highly active against all anaerobic isolates except Prevotella bivia and Mobiluncus species, which were resistant to amoxicillin and metronidazole, respectively [12].
• A novel immunobiologically active fraction was prepared from a phenol-water extract of Prevotella intermedia ATCC 25611 by Sephadex G-100 column chromatography [13].

Biological context of Prevotella

• Dual regulatory effects of interferon-alpha, -beta, and -gamma on interleukin-8 gene expression by human gingival fibroblasts in culture upon stimulation with lipopolysaccharide from Prevotella intermedia, interleukin-1alpha, or tumor necrosis factor-alpha [14].
• In this study, we show that stimulation of mouse macrophages with either zymosan beads or bacteria (Prevotella intermedia) induced tyrosine phosphorylation of PLC-gamma 2 [15].
• A low-molecular-weight, heat-stable agent present in the two-day culture filtrate of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella loescheii, and Fusobacterium nucleatum significantly depressed Con A- and LPS- induced cell proliferation [16].
• R-95867 was stable to hydrolysis by beta-lactamase type 2e derived from B. fragilis, Prevotella bivia and Prevotella intermedia, but unstable to hydrolysis by carbapenemase from B. fragilis [17].
• A Prevotella ruminicola B(1)4 operon encoding extracellular polysaccharide hydrolases [18].

Anatomical context of Prevotella

• Interleukin-1alpha (IL-1alpha); tumor necrosis factor alpha; gamma interferon; lipopolysaccharide from Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, and Escherichia coli; and Prevotella glycoprotein augmented CD26 expression on gingival fibroblasts [19].
• We have examined the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Prevotella nigrescens, one of the causative agents of inflammatory periodontal disease and endodontic infections, on the production of nitric oxide (NO) and expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the murine macrophage cell line RAW264 [20].
• Regulation of interleukin-6 expression in human dental pulp cell cultures stimulated with Prevotella intermedia lipopolysaccharide [21].
• Effects of lipopolysaccharide extracted from Prevotella intermedia on bone formation and on the release of osteolytic mediators by fetal mouse osteoblasts in vitro [22].
• Peripheral blood monocytes were isolated by counterflow centrifugal elutriation and treated with control medium or media containing 1 microgram/ml of Salmonella typhimurium LPS or Prevotella intermedia LPS with or without human recombinant interferon (IFN)-gamma pretreatment [23].

Gene context of Prevotella

• Prevotella intermedia LPS, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, and interleukin-6 also induced VEGF mRNA expression in HPC [24].
• In a previous study, we demonstrated that the amount of interleukin (IL)-8 mRNA expressed by human gingival fibroblasts stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Prevotella intermedia ATCC 25611 is increased by pre-treatment with beta or gamma interferon (IFN-beta or -gamma) [14].
• We have investigated the hypothesis that ERK and p38 together or independent of one another play roles in the regulation of cPLA2 in macrophages responding to the oral bacterium Prevotella intermedia or zymosan [25].
• Cleavage of CD14 and LBP by a protease from Prevotella intermedia [26].
• Interleukin-8 gene expression by human dental pulp fibroblast in cultures stimulated with Prevotella intermedia lipopolysaccharide [27].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Prevotella

• The utility of the 16S ribosomal RNA-based polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for detection of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Bacteroides forsythus, Campylobacter rectus, Eikenella corrodens, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, and Treponema denticola was examined and compared with that of anaerobic culture [28].
• Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of ampicillin and amoxicillin were in the range 1.5-256 micrograms/ml and 4-256 micrograms/ml, respectively, for the isolates of the Prevotella species [29].
• MATERIALS AND METHODS: The attachment of clinical and laboratory strains (n = 23) representing 2 Fusobacterium nucleatum subspecies, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Prevotella intermedia to smooth, commercially pure titanium was examined using scanning electron microscopy [30].
• Prolyltripeptidyl amino peptidase activity was found in a crude extract of Prevotella nigrescens and this enzyme was purified by procedures including concentration with ammonium sulfate, ion exchange chromatography, gel filtration, and isoelectric focusing [31].
• Site-directed mutagenesis was used to examine the roles of the conserved histidine, arginine and cysteine residues in acid phosphatase from Prevotella intermedia (PiACP) [32].

References