Disease relevance of T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory

• Modulation of suppressor-cell activity by cimetidine in patients with common variable hypogammaglobulinemia [1].
• Prostaglandin-producing suppressor cells in Hodgkin's disease [2].
• Thus, GITR plays a key role in dominant immunological self-tolerance maintained by CD25(+)CD4(+) regulatory T cells and could be a suitable molecular target for preventing or treating autoimmune disease [3].
• In the 4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl acetyl (NP) contact sensitivity system, the activity of third-order suppressor cells and their factors is restricted by H-2(I-J) and Igh linked genes [4].
• It has been found that the ability of anti-idiotypic second-order T suppressor cells (Ts2) to inhibit T cell-dependent delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) responses depended upon the presence of cross-reactive-idiotype (CRI)-bearing T cells present in ABA-primed mice [5].

High impact information on T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory

• Lack of Foxp3 leads to development of fatal autoimmune lymphoproliferative disease; furthermore, ectopic Foxp3 expression can phenotypically convert effector T cells to regulatory T cells [6].
• The role of MHC products in the induction of suppressor cells has several homologies with the mechanisms responsible for the induction of H-2-restricted helper cells [7].
• The NP and ABA suppressor-cell pathways consist of multiple cellular elements, including at least three and possibly four distinct T-cell populations and two or more distinctive accessory cell populations [7].
• Abnormal histamine-induced suppressor-cell function in atopic subjects [8].
• Thus, there is loss of peripheral suppressor cells in many patients with active MS, suggesting that immunoregulatory abnormalities contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease [9].

Chemical compound and disease context of T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory

• Allergen-responsive CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells in children who have outgrown cow's milk allergy [10].
• The isolated finding of elevated levels of T suppressor cells in hemophilia patients receiving Factor VIII concentrate has not been recognized as an early indicator of impending AIDS, and longitudinal studies will be required to determine its clinical significance [11].
• NCX-1015, a nitric-oxide derivative of prednisolone, enhances regulatory T cells in the lamina propria and protects against 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced colitis in mice [12].
• These data show that a fish oil diet can minimize the immune suppression in tumor bearers when suppression is mediated by PGE2-producing suppressor cells, but can also induce myelopoietic stimulation leading to the appearance of bone marrow-derived suppressor cells and increased tumor metastasis [13].
• Attempts to induce photoallergic contact dermatitis without CY result in only a small degree of sensitivity, accompanied by significant net splenic suppressor cell activity [14].

Biological context of T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory

• Induction of regulatory T-lymphocyte responses by liposomes carrying major histocompatibility complex molecules and foreign antigen [15].
• Finally, the potential of this technology to analyze rare primary cell populations is shown in a study of differential STAT protein phosphorylation in interleukin (IL)-2-stimulated CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T cells [16].
• CD4 regulatory T cells prevent lethal autoimmunity in IL-2Rbeta-deficient mice. Implications for the nonredundant function of IL-2 [17].
• Upregulation of TGF-beta, FOXP3, and CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells correlates with more rapid parasite growth in human malaria infection [18].
• Importantly, neither suppression of allograft rejection nor enhanced apoptosis of memory CD8(+) T cells was observed when Treg cells lacked CD30 or when CD30 ligand-CD30 interaction was blocked with anti-CD30 ligand Ab [19].

Anatomical context of T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory

• Type 1 diabetes (T1D) in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice may be favored by immune dysregulation leading to the hyporesponsiveness of regulatory T cells and activation of effector T-helper type 1 (Th1) cells [20].
• Lithium chloride increased mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation and inhibited suppressor cell activity [21].
• B cells and professional APCs recruit regulatory T cells via CCL4 [22].
• The suppressor cells in bone marrow are radiation sensitive and Thy-1 negative; those in colonies grown from bone marrow are radiation resistant and Thy-1 positive [23].
• The suppressor cells in the thymus (but not in the spleen) were eliminated by treatment of mice with cortisol [24].

Associations of T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory with chemical compounds

• Antigen-specific regulatory T cells develop via the ICOS-ICOS-ligand pathway and inhibit allergen-induced airway hyperreactivity [25].
• Modulation of tryptophan catabolism by regulatory T cells [26].
• The precursors of the effector suppressor population are not sensitive to concentrations of cyclophosphamide which prevented the generation of induction phase suppressor cells [27].
• Suppression of human T-cell mitogenesis by prostaglandin. Existence of a prostaglandin-producing suppressor cell [28].
• The suppressor cells were sensitive to cyclophosphamide and radiation but were resistant to hydrocortisone [29].

Gene context of T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory

• We demonstrate that the cellular mechanism by which Aire exerts its tolerance-promoting function is not primarily positive selection of regulatory T cells, but rather negative selection of T effector cells [30].
• A function for interleukin 2 in Foxp3-expressing regulatory T cells [31].
• Human CD25+CD4+ T suppressor cell clones produce transforming growth factor beta, but not interleukin 10, and are distinct from type 1 T regulatory cells [32].
• Here, we determined the chemotactic response profile and chemokine receptor expression of human blood-borne CD4(+)CD25(+) Treg cells [33].
• FasL-deficient mice exposed to UV lack both transferable suppressor cell activity and primary suppression to all antigens tested, with the exception of the DTH response to allogeneic spleen cells [34].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory

• However, Con A and PHA treatment were used effectively to prolong the survival of skin and heart allografts before it was recognised that some lectins have an activatory effect on suppressor cells in vitro [35].
• This study demonstrates that IL-10-producing CD8 T cells are regulatory T cells, which provides a cellular basis for the phenomenon of CD8 T cell-mediated immunosuppression and suggests a role for plasmacytoid DC2 in immunological tolerance [36].
• Intravenous injection of 0.01 mM 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-derivatized syngeneic lymphoid cells generates a Thy-1-positive, antigen-specific suppressor cell for contact sensitivity which requires an I-J allogeneic effect to become fully activated [37].
• Epidemiological studies, however, indicate that Th2 cell-stimulating helminth parasites may also counteract allergies, possibly by generating regulatory T cells which suppress both Th1 and Th2 arms of immunity [38].
• Idiopathic cardiomyopathy, age, and suppressor-cell dysfunction as risk determinants of lymphoma after cardiac transplantation [39].

References