Disease relevance of Adaptation, Physiological

• It is now becoming recognized that one of the normal maternal physiologic adaptations during pregnancy is an increase in the renal excretion of glucose; on examination, up to 50% of healthy pregnant women will have detectable glycosuria at some stage [1].
• The applicability of high-intensity training and the possibility of inducing physiologic adaptation to training are still uncertain in patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) [2].
• Many morphological and physiological adaptations to water stress are under the control of the plant hormone abscisic acid and involve specific activation of target genes that in one way or another protect cells against water deficit or participate in the regulation of the drought response [3].
• PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of creatine supplementation in conjunction with resistance training on physiological adaptations including muscle fiber hypertrophy and muscle creatine accumulation [4].
• Klebsiella planticola strain DSZ mineralizes simazine: physiological adaptations involved in the process [5].

High impact information on Adaptation, Physiological

• Thus, in normal men, the fall in leptin with fasting may be both necessary and sufficient for the physiologic adaptations of these axes, which require leptin levels above a certain threshold for activation [6].
• Percent cholesterol saturation decreased at 3 mo, but at 24 mo it was not different from that in the placebo group, suggesting a physiological adaptation to the low dose by 2 yr [7].
• It is still speculative whether these dietary-induced alterations in thyroid hormone metabolism are responsible for the simultaneously increased expenditure of energy in these subjects and therefore might represent an important physiological adaptation in times of caloric affluence [8].
• Muscles undergoing physiological adaptation to stress take up gallium-67 citrate [9].
• The duration of the nocturnal melatonin signal encodes photoperiodic time, and many species use this to coordinate physiological adaptations with the yearly climatic cycle [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Adaptation, Physiological

• The inability to increase ammonium excretion during severe metabolic acidosis following ammonium chloride loading did not favor the possibility of a transient physiological adaptation of ammoniagenesis at the tubular cell level, related to potassium depletion [11].
• The question has been raised whether insulin secretagogues by acting on vascular or myocardial potassium channels may prevent ischaemic preconditioning, a physiological adaptation that could affect the outcome of coronary heart disease, but there is evidence against this concern being applicable to glimepiride [12].

Biological context of Adaptation, Physiological

• Lipolysis was measured in the basal state and as maximally stimulated by norepinephrine or epinephrine to estimate physiological adaptations as well as the changes in catecholamine responsiveness [13].
• The physiological adaptations that correspond to and facilitate improved VO2max occur centrally in the cardiovascular system, centred on increased maximal cardiac output, and peripherally in the metabolic systems, centred around increased arterio-venous O2 (a-v O2) difference [14].
• The cell-specific distribution and the seasonal variation of VIP- and preproVIP-like peptides suggest that they may act as transmitters or modulators in the nervous and sensory system and may be involved in the physiological adaptation of central neurons during long-term resting periods of snails [15].
• Downregulation of the glucocorticoid receptor. A mechanism for physiological adaptation to hormones [16].
• In the first phase, the mycelium grew on the medium with ketoconazole in consequence to the physiological adaptation (without the change of genome) [17].

Anatomical context of Adaptation, Physiological

• 1. Molecular mechanisms underlying physiological adaptation to increased levels of dietary peptides have been elucidated by studying the response to the substrate glycyl-L-glutamine (Gly-Gln) of the proton-coupled peptide transporter, hPepT1, in the Caco-2 human intestinal cell line [18].
• The changes in 5-hydroxytryptamine function in the medial nucleus accumbens may represent physiological adaptations to stress or may occur secondary to changes in the function of another neurotransmitter, possibly dopamine [19].
• To gain an insight into venous physiologic adaptation to arterialization, this study examined the effects of thromboxane, 5-hydroxytryptamine, endothelin, leukotriene C4, and norepinephrine on isolated segments of native and distended human saphenous vein, short-term (up to 1 year) grafts, and long-term (1 to 10 year) grafts [20].

Associations of Adaptation, Physiological with chemical compounds

• These take place through physiological adaptation processes that rely primarily on Ca(2+) ions [21].
• The biochemical and physiological adaptations of plants to low temperatures include the post-translational activation and increased expression of enzymes of the sucrose synthesis pathway, the changed expression of Calvin cycle enzymes, and changes in the leaf protein content [22].
• In this study we aimed to generate an integrative and dynamic picture of the physiological adaptations that occur during chronic glucose infusion [23].
• In toto, these data indicate that RpoS-mediated regulation of NRZ may be an important physiological adaptation that allows the cell to use nitrate under stress-associated conditions [24].
• This improvement in exercise capacity was accompanied by a 6% and 17% reduction in VE and in arterial lactic acid concentration for a given work rate, respectively (p < 0.0001), suggesting that physiologic adaptation to training occurred [2].

Gene context of Adaptation, Physiological

• Vesl/Homer proteins have also been implicated in differentiation and physiological adaptation processes [Nat. Neurosci. 4 (2001) 499; Nature 411 (2001) 962; Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 279 (2000) 348] [25].
• Physiological adaptations induced by dietary restriction might include the modulation of the insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) axis [26].
• Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) has been shown to have a central role in physiological adaptation to stress [27].
• It seems therefore that low amounts of NO produced constitutively may take charge of subtle physiological adaptations, and higher levels of NO produced by iNOS under the influence of IFN-gamma may attenuate PRL and GH release during emergency conditions of immune and inflammatory reactions [28].
• CONCLUSIONS: PAV enables a higher intensity of training in patients with severe COPD, leading to greater improvements in maximum exercise capacity with evidence of true physiological adaptation [29].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Adaptation, Physiological

• Pulmonary rehabilitation can produce physiological adaptations in patients with COPD [30].
• To ensure safe and successful participation, clinicians must appreciate how diabetes may alter the physiologic adaptation to strenuous exercise and how an individualized self-care plan can empower the adolescent with IDDM to effectively manage meal planning, blood glucose testing, and insulin injections [31].

References