Disease relevance of Muscle Rigidity

• Parkinson's disease, known also as striatal dopamine deficiency syndrome, is a degenerative disorder of the central nervous system characterized by akinesia, muscular rigidity, tremor at rest, and postural abnormalities [1].
• In this study, we describe spontaneous myopathy and a fatal syndrome of generalized muscle rigidity triggered by halothane in an outbred strain of rat [2].
• After receiving 90 mg of haloperidol and 100 mg of chlorpromazine hydrochloride within 25 hours, a 29-year-old man was found to have neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS), characterized by the acute onset of hyperpyrexia, extreme muscular rigidity, autonomic instability, and coma [3].
• BACKGROUND: Dropped head in parkinsonism has been attributed to dystonia or unbalanced muscle rigidity [4].
• The tendency for muscular rigidity (instead of chorea), an accelerated natural history and paternal transmission, each of which is often associated with the juvenile-onset form of HD, is inversely related to age at onset in the affected child [5].

Psychiatry related information on Muscle Rigidity

• In addition, the spontaneous and apomorphine-stimulated locomotor activity, and muscle rigidity was studied after acute administration of 1MeTIQ and 1BnTIQ [6].
• We describe a boy with borderline mental retardation, gross and fine motor coordination difficulty, muscle rigidity, ptosis, clinodactyly, and a Y chromosome of different lengths in two separate cell populations [7].
• Neurologic findings included disorientation, nuchal rigidity, seizures, an extensor plantar response, cerebrospinal fluid studies consistent with meningitis, and eventually, coma and death [8].

High impact information on Muscle Rigidity

• Neither catatonic rigidity nor akinesia before treatment was predictive of a parkinsonian response to trifluoperazine, but pretreatment tremor may have been [9].
• We report that in monoamine-depleted rats, 2,3-dihydroxy-6-nitro-7-sulfamoyl-benzo(f)quinoxaline (NBQX) (Novo-Nordisk, Copenhagen, Denmark)--a selective antagonist of the AMPA subtype of glutamate receptor--suppressed muscular rigidity but had no effect on akinesia [10].
• Haloperidol induced catalepsy and muscle rigidity in the control mice, but these responses were significantly reduced in Fyn-deficient mice [11].
• NMS is characterized by fever, muscle rigidity, and neurologic changes after treatment with neuroleptic agents such as haloperidol [12].
• Cogwheel rigidity during chronic lithium therapy [13].

Chemical compound and disease context of Muscle Rigidity

• Letter: Cogwheel rigidity in lithium therapy [14].
• Other compounds are better tolerated and are capable of relieving immobility and muscular rigidity by themselves (e.g. 1-aminoadamantanes, polyamine site antagonists, kappa agonists, riluzole) [15].
• Creatine phosphokinase elevation and fever did not necessarily parallel the duration or the degree of muscular rigidity, and this finding supports the idea of a central cause for the symptoms [16].
• Involvement of cerulospinal glutamatergic neurotransmission in fentanyl-induced muscular rigidity in the rat [17].
• In contrast, D-MED prevented alfentanil-induced muscle rigidity in a dose-dependent fashion [18].

Biological context of Muscle Rigidity

• These results suggest that G(o) alpha protein at the LC may participate in the signal transduction process that underlies muscular rigidity induced by high-dose fentanyl [19].
• In addition to the similarity of the signs and symptoms, all parameters measured (muscle rigidity, body temperature, and serum CPK level) were normalized by dantrolene treatment [20].
• Symptoms began with increases in heart rate and blood pressure after the introduction of anesthesia with halothane and were accelerated by the administration of succinylcholine, followed by muscle rigidity and high temperature [21].
• Doses of midazolam of 0.5 mg/kg or above decreased muscle rigidity but did not affect salivation or respiratory pattern observed in cats which received ketamine alone [22].

Anatomical context of Muscle Rigidity

• Phenytoin with or without chlorpromazine may be of value in suppressing muscle rigidity in some disorders of upper motor neuron lesions [23].
• The authors suggest that, in addition to using unanesthetized animals, EMG activity in the gastrocnemius muscle of rats anesthetized with ketamine in whom ventilation is controlled may provide an alternative approach in the evaluation of fentanyl-induced muscle rigidity [24].
• It is concluded that noradrenergic neurotransmission, possibly originating from the locus coeruleus, may participate in the elicitation of muscular rigidity by fentanyl [25].
• CONCLUSIONS: In addition to the cerulospinal noradrenergic mechanism, the cerulospinal glutamatergic pathway and both NMDA and non-NMDA receptors in the spinal cord may mediate fentanyl-induced muscular rigidity in the rat [17].
• Structure-activity studies of neurotensin on muscular rigidity and tremors induced by 6-hydroxydopamine lesions in the posterolateral hypothalamus of the rat [26].

Gene context of Muscle Rigidity

• (S)-4C3HPG, a mixed group I mGlu receptor antagonist and a group II agonist, administered intrastriatally, counteracts parkinsonian-like muscle rigidity in rats [27].
• In the present study, the effects of two fragments (NT1-10 and NT8-13) and two analogues ([D-Tyr11]-NT and [Ala11]-NT) of neurotensin on the grasping time (index of muscle rigidity) and tremors in 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned rats are reported [26].
• L-701,324, a selective antagonist at the glycine site of the NMDA receptor, counteracts haloperidol-induced muscle rigidity in rats [28].
• However, selective mGluR5 antagonists may be more effective in inhibiting parkinsonian muscle rigidity than parkinsonian akinesia [29].
• OBJECTIVES: We had noted cogwheel rigidity in a number of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) [30].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Muscle Rigidity

• This implied muscular rigidity was markedly antagonized by pretreatment with the specific alpha 1-adrenoceptor blocker, prazosin (50 or 250 micrograms/kg, i.v.). This antagonism occurred in spite of a high level of fentanyl in the plasma, as determined by radioimmunoassay [25].
• Antagonization of fentanyl-induced muscular rigidity by denervation of the coerulospinal noradrenergic pathway in the rat [31].
• Microinjection of 160 pmol NPY plus antiserum against NPY (NPY(Ab), 1:20) into the LC failed to suppress fentanyl-induced muscular rigidity [32].
• Forces applied during laryngoscopy in children. Are volatile anaesthetics essential for suxamethonium induced muscle rigidity [33]?
• Tracheal intubation was impossible (H1.5) despite use of different diameter cannulas because of extreme general muscle rigidity [34].

References