Disease relevance of Lexone

• However, this competitive outcome was reversed completely in the presence of metribuzin, where despite growth inhibition Microcystis became dominant [1].
• Lentils inoculated with Rhizobium leguminosarum strain 128C54 or 128C84, and noninoculated lentils grown in plant nutrient solution supplemented with 5 mM KNO3, had metribuzin applied to the plants at either 8 or 13 days after planting [2].
• However, different periphyton groups responded differently to metribuzin exposure: Chlorophytes were severely affected by exposure and did not recover, whereas diatoms and especially cyanobacteria recovered well [3].
• The relative toxicity established here, 2,4-DCP > alachlor, metolachlor >> metribuzin > 2,4-D, 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (MCPA), correlates with the toxicity indexes reported in the literature for freshwater organisms [4].

High impact information on Lexone

• Sequence analysis of eight metribuzin-resistant mutants of photoautotrophic Chenopodium rubrum cell cultures revealed new mutations in the psbA gene coding for the 32 kDa herbicide binding protein [5].
• It was found that the degradation kinetics of metribuzin do not obey the AFT model, a previously developed model that fit AFT degradation kinetics of all previously investigated pesticides [6].
• The terbumeton-imprinted membranes showed significantly higher sorption capability to this herbicide than to similar compounds (atrazine, desmetryn, metribuzine) [7].
• In this mutant, psbA2 carries the Ala251-->Val point mutation, which confers resistance to the photosystem II electron transport inhibitor metribuzin, but psbA3 is the same as in the wild-type [8].
• By applying variable chlorophyll fluorescence measurements to distinguish between metribuzin-sensitive and metribuzin-resistant photosystem II centers we quantified the amount of the D1 protein produced from each of the psbA3 and psbA2 genes [8].

Biological context of Lexone

• Eight residual triazine herbicides and three metribuzin metabolites in foods were determined by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) with an atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) interface, under both positive and negative ion modes [9].
• Metribuzin had no statistically significant effects on water quality, periphyton biomass, macrophyte biomass, macrophyte species composition, fish survival, or fish growth at treatment levels ranging up to and including 75 microg/L [10].
• For the tested herbicides affecting photosynthetic electron transport, the magnitude of the effect was as follows: diuron= DCPMU > metribuzin > atrazine > terbuthylazine > paraquat > DCPU [11].
• Susceptible or tolerant varieties of soybean treated with metribuzin, or canola treated with atrazine were grown in a controlled environment [12].
• Bioavailability in rats of bound pesticide residues from tolerant or susceptible varieties of soybean and canola treated with metribuzin or atrazine [12].

Anatomical context of Lexone

• On the contrary, when extracts of V. faba roots, treated for 4 h with metribuzin and ametryn (in vivo activation), were added to the lymphocyte cultures, SCEs were significantly induced with an asymptotic response [13].
• Fatty acid biosynthesis was markedly affected in all cell lines by metribuzin treatment [14].
• Glycoprotein metabolism in the guinea-pig gastric mucosa in chronic metribuzin poisoning [15].
• The above findings indicate a progressive degeneration due to metribuzin of different organelles of the liver cells including nuclei, mitochondria, lysosomes, microvilli and the cytoplasm [16].

Associations of Lexone with other chemical compounds

• Comparing aquatic risk assessment methods for the photosynthesis-inhibiting herbicides metribuzin and metamitron [17].
• The binary treatment of aqueous metribuzin using anodic fenton treatment and biodegradation [18].
• Sunflowers at different growth stages were used as test plants and exposed for 24 h in a wind tunnel to a range of concentrations of bromoxynil-octanoate and metribuzin [19].
• Interactive effects of the fungicide chlorothalonil and the herbicide metribuzin towards the fungal pathogen Alternaria solani [20].
• Deamination of metribuzin in the sandy loam soil to its deaminometribuzin (DA) derivative was basically a result of biological activity [21].

Gene context of Lexone

• A thermospray liquid chromatographic-mass spectrometric (TSP LC-MS) method has been developed for the analysis of the herbicide metribuzin and its three major metabolites in plant tissue [22].
• In the enclosure study, indirect effects of metribuzin on invertebrate populations were observed at an exposure concentration that was approximately 20 times lower than the corresponding HC5 value based on lab toxicity data for aquatic invertebrates [17].
• Thus the detrimental effects of metribuzin application to lentils were mainly due to direct effects on the plant, which resulted in indirect effects on nodulation and nitrogen fixation [2].
• In the case of White Lady, Százszorszép and Kánkán N concentration and uptake increase significantly because of SENCOR 70 WG [23].
• Nevertheless, in treatments in which the S10 metabolic mix was added, the SCE frequencies were significantly different to the control, although a concentration-response relationship was only observed with metribuzin [13].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Lexone

• Metribuzin resistance in photoautotrophic Chenopodium rubrum cell cultures. Characterization of double and triple mutations in the psbA gene [5].
• The electrochemical behavior of the herbicide metribuzin (4-amino-6-tert-butyl-4,5-dihydro-3-methylthio-1,2,4-triazin-5-one) at mercury electrodes was studied in aqueous solutions by direct current (DC) and tast polarography, differential pulse (DPV) and cyclic voltammetry (CV), and controlled-potential coulometry [24].
• Determinations of the active ingredient in technical and formulated metribuzin were compared by gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) using various solvents, infrared (IR) spectrophotometry, and high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) [25].

References