Disease relevance of 1,3-BUTANEDIOL

• Reduction of neurologic deficit by 1,3-butanediol induced ketosis in levine rats [1].
• To manipulate neurologic outcome, rats were fed or fasted the day prior to ischemia and then pretreated with either 1,3-butanediol or saline [2].
• Previously we found that 1,3-butanediol-treated mice live longer during hypoxia [3].
• The objective of this study was to determine if 1,3-butanediol would reduce a neurologic deficit in rats exposed to ischemic-hypoxia (Levine rats) [1].
• Beneficial effect of 1,3-butanediol on cerebral energy metabolism and edema following brain embolization in rats [4].

High impact information on 1,3-BUTANEDIOL

• We assessed the effect of 1,3-butanediol on cerebral energy metabolism and edema after inducing multifocal brain infarcts in 108 rats by the intracarotid injection of 50-microns carbonized microspheres [4].
• Motor performance in rats exposed to severe forebrain ischemia: effect of fasting and 1,3-butanediol [2].
• Protective action of 1,3-butanediol in cerebral ischemia. A neurologic, histologic, and metabolic study [5].
• Various doses of beta-hydroxybutyrate and glucagon were infused to approximate the blood levels of beta-hydroxybutyrate and glucagon produced by a protective dose of 1,3-butanediol [6].
• To determine if 1,3-Butanediol (BD), which protects mice from hypoxia, would extend the tolerance of rats to ischemic-hypoxia, the Levine rat (unilateral carotid ligation and conscious hypoxic exposure) was modified to record mean arterial pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), central venous pressure (CVP), spontaneous respiration and EEG [7].

Chemical compound and disease context of 1,3-BUTANEDIOL

• In previous studies fasted mice, alloxan diabetic mice and mice given 1,3-butanediol were found to be ketotic and to have increased tolerance to hypoxia [8].
• Treatment of the animals with 1,3 butanediol (BD) prior to ischemia resulted in a neuroprotective effect as assessed by an improved neurological score and histological studies [9].
• In vitro hepatic gluconeogenesis during experimental ketosis produced in steers by 1,3-butanediol and phlorizin [10].
• Because 1,3-butanediol does not stimulate increases of insulin in plasma, it may be more desirable than tributyrin for inducing metabolic changes characteristic of lactation ketosis [11].
• Eighteen cows were assigned in equal numbers to three groups: control, ketosis induction by using feed restriction plus dietary 1,3-butanediol to provide ketone bodies, and glucose treatment with 484 g/d of glucose infused intraduodenally starting 7 d after beginning ketosis induction [12].

Biological context of 1,3-BUTANEDIOL

• Influence of dietary 1,3-butanediol on wieght gain, blood, and liver metabolites and lipogenesis in the pig and chick [13].
• In Experiment 2, goats in early lactation were fed for ad libitum intake or were restricted to 70% of ad libitum intake with 1,3-butanediol included at 10% of diet DM [14].
• Effect of 1,3-butanediol and short chain acids in sow gestation diets on maternal plasma metabolites and fetal energy storage [15].
• Treatments during d 14 to 42 postpartum were 1) control (ad libitum intake), 2) 20% feed restriction, or 3) control plus dietary 1,3-butanediol (5.5% of DM) [16].
• Body composition was not affected by feeding 4% 1,3-butanediol [17].

Anatomical context of 1,3-BUTANEDIOL

• Effects of acute and chronic 1,3-butanediol treatment on central nervous system function: a comparison with ethanol [18].
• Delayed treatment with 1,3-butanediol reduces loss of CA1 neurons in the hippocampus of rats following brief forebrain ischemia [19].
• Cryoprotection of red blood cells by 1,3-butanediol and 2,3-butanediol [20].
• Possible relationships between the suppressed function of lymphocytes, the increased concentration of 1,3 butanediol, and the increased susceptibility of the calves to infections during ketosis were considered [21].
• In vitro production of D-beta-hydroxybutyrate from butyrate and from isomers of 1,3-butanediol was measured in bovine liver, rumen papillae, and kidney cortex, all obtained at slaughter from nonlactating, nonpregnant Holstein cows [22].

Associations of 1,3-BUTANEDIOL with other chemical compounds

• Assay of the enantiomers of 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,3-pentanediol, and the corresponding hydroxyacids by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry [23].
• Both 1,3-butanediol, which causes ketonemia, and phlorizin, which causes glucosuria, were given to four steers for 28 days to determine effects of prolonged ketonemia and glucosuria on in vitro hepatic gluconeogenesis and ketogenesis [24].
• Manipulation of electrocatalytic reaction pathways through surface chemistry: in situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic studies of 1,3-butanediol oxidation on a Pt surface modified with Sb and S adatoms [25].
• Cyclic voltammetry and in situ Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy were employed to study the electrocatalytic properties of a Pt electrode modified with adatoms of antimony (Sb) or sulfur (S) for 1,3-butanediol (1,3-BD) oxidation [25].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of 1,3-BUTANEDIOL

• Ketosis was produced by oral administration of either acetone or 1,3-butanediol [26].
• Experimental dissection of devitrification in aqueous solutions of 1,3-butanediol [27].
• Therefore, 1,2- and 1,3-butanediol with comparable physical properties are perhaps as interesting as 1,2-propanediol for cryopreservation of cells or organs by complete vitrification [28].
• All compounds were tested for dermal toxicity following topical administration of saturated solutions in 1,3-butanediol to the shaved, depilated skin of guinea pigs [29].
• From d 14 to 42 postpartum, 13 Holstein cows were in either a control group (6 cows) or a ketosis induction group (7 cows) that was restricted to 80% of ad libitum intake and fed 1,3-butanediol (7% of DM) [30].

References