Disease relevance of Niopam

• Ten patients received 30 ml Niopam 300 (Bracco SpA, Milan, Italy) (identical to 18372 mg iopamidol) intravenously into a forearm vein to investigate for occult subclavian stenosis [1].
• In series 2 (five patients), blood samples were withdrawn from the external iliac artery during injection of Isovue-370 (60-78 mL) into the proximal abdominal aorta to evaluate peripheral vascular disease [2].
• Sixty percent meglumine diatrizoate (Reno M 60) and ioxaglate (Hexabrix) produced significantly more ulceration and crusting on gross inspection and more necrosis, edema, and hemorrhage on histologic evaluation than iopamidol 300 (Isovue) or 0.9% (normal) saline [3].
• This case is of further interest as cardiac tamponade following a Niopam swallow subsequently occurred, and the patient survived emergency surgery [4].
• However, in view of its relatively high cost, further direct clinical evidence of reduced toxicity is required before Niopam can be recommended for routine use at ERCP [5].

High impact information on Niopam

• Manual injection of sonicated iopamidol (Iopamiro 370) into the left main coronary artery with simultaneous cross-sectional echo registration provided the myocardial echo-contrast images [6].
• Responses were evaluated during intracoronary infusions (2 mL/ minute) of the ionic contrast medium, Hypaque-76, and the nonionic contrast medium, Isovue-370, and compared with those caused by hypertonic saline solutions with comparable osmolarities [7].
• A double-blind study comparing the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of ioversol 320 and iopamidol-300 in cerebral angiography [8].
• Over a 10-month period, 23 patients (mean age, 33 years) referred for infertility were examined by HyCoSy (saline or Infoson) before conventional hysterosalpingography (Iopamiron 370), performed during the same session [9].
• Late-type allergy to the X-ray contrast medium Solutrast (iopamidol) [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Niopam

• There was significantly less thrombophlebitis with Niopam than with Conray and it is concluded that Niopam is a safer contrast medium for phlebography [11].

Biological context of Niopam

• Eighty patients were given either intravenous Hexabrix 320 or Niopam 300 for urography, and any bronchospastic effect was assessed by measurement of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) [12].
• We conducted contrast CT scanning on 22 dialysis patients using the same method as usually applied to cases with normal renal function and studied the incidences and types of side effects and the pharmacological kinetics of non-ionic iodine contrast medium (Iopamiron 370, 100 ml) [13].
• Heart rate increased significantly following the administration of Urovison, Hexabrix and Iopamiro in the absence of any appreciable change in blood pressure [14].
• The objective of this study was to assess the etiology of lateral rectus palsies in patients undergoing lumbar myelograms with Iopamidol (Isovue; ER Squibb and Sons, Princeton, NJ, USA; Niopam, E Merc, UK.). An audit of the departmental orthoptic record revealed two patients who had suffered abducens palsies after myelograms [15].

Anatomical context of Niopam

• Once the epidural space was felt localized 0.5 mL of Isovue contrast was injected to confirm accurate needle placement [16].
• The maximum enhancement difference between blood and myocardium in the heart was approximately 250 HU for Isovue-370 and approximately 500 HU for Fenestra VC [17].
• RESULTS: Contrast enhancement with Isovue-370 increased over time with a maximum of approximately 500 HU (aorta) and 900 HU (kidney cortex) [17].
• Radiologic examination showed slight lateral instability of the odontoid on lateral rotation, and computed tomography brain scan with Iopamidol 300 (Niopam) contrast revealed a 5-cm vermian arachnoid cyst in the posterior fossa with obstructive hydrocephalus [18].
• A comparison has been carried out of results of cerebral and spinal-cord angiography with two non-ionic contrast media, iohexol and Iopamiron, and a low-osmolality contrast medium, Hexabrix [19].

Associations of Niopam with other chemical compounds

• This study compared two low osmolar heparinized CM, one ionic (Hexabrix) and the other nonionic (Isovue), in 500 consecutive patients undergoing either diagnostic catheterization (417) or coronary angioplasty (83) [20].
• Iohexol (Isovue) in concentration of 180 mg I/mL to 300 mg I/mL is recommended for small animal myelography [21].
• Significant differences were found in the incidences of both types of reactions to the two media with respect to nausea and vomiting, arm pain, and taste in the mouth, which was commoner in patients receiving Conray 325, whereas the incidence of delayed skin rashes and parotid swelling was commoner with Niopam 300 [22].
• The results demonstrate that iodine delivery and hence vascular opacification are better achieved during hand-injection arteriography by using relatively low viscosity media such as Niopam 300 or Ultravist 300 [23].
• The three RCM with low osmolality (Hexabrix, Solutrast and Ultravist) released little histamine from all cell populations tested [24].

Gene context of Niopam

• Iopamidol (B 15000), a nonionic water-soluble contrast medium for neuroradiology. Part I: Results of a clinical trial for myelography [25].
• Two quantities of prepared CDDP powder, 10 mg and 20 mg, were mixed with 1 ml each of iopamidol 300 mgI/ml (IP300) and lipiodol (LPD) using a high pressure pumping method, thus producing LCS [26].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Niopam

• MATERIALS AND METHODS: Simultaneous cardiac- and respiratory-gated micro-CT was performed in C57BL/6 mice during constant intravenous infusion of a conventional iodinated contrast agent (Isovue-370), and after a single intravenous injection of a blood pool contrast agent (Fenestra VC) [17].
• In the second group, safety and quality of the radiographic images were identical; however, once again, quality of angioscopy was better with Hexabrix than with Iopamiron [19].
• In the present series of studies we investigated differences in vitro and in animal experiments between iopamidol (Iopamiron, CAS 60166-93-0) and ioversol (CAS 87771-40-2) [27].

References