Disease relevance of Nycodenz

• Standing the media before injection resulted in a highly significant reduction of air embolism, reducing the total mean duration of emboli from 1.32 (SD 0.60) s after immediate injection to 0.04 (0.05) s after ten minutes standing for iohexol 340 mg/mL (p < 0.001) [1].
• Prolonged paraplegia after iohexol myelography [2].
• Approximately 30 minutes after ischemia, functional CT images were collected with the use of a dynamic scanning protocol with bolus injections of nonionic contrast agent iohexol (1 mL/kg) [3].
• Its effect on the intracellular location of poliovirus was studied by separating subcellular fractions in iso-osmotic Nycodenz gradients [4].
• To detect both DNA-capsid and DNA-DNA cross-links, DNA is expelled from the T7 capsid and the products of expulsion are analyzed by use of Nycodenz buoyant density centrifugation, followed by either pulsed field gel electrophoresis or invariant field gel electrophoresis [5].

Psychiatry related information on Nycodenz

• No differences in latency period were found between iohexol 140 mg iodine/mL (isotonic) and 350 mg iodine/mL (880 mOsm/kg) [6].
• Transient global amnesia after cerebral angiography with iohexol [7].
• Intracranial iohexol-distribution following cervical myelography, postmyelographic registration of adverse effects, psychometric assessment and electroencephalographic recording [8].
• In a double blind prospective study of side effects to cervical myelography 38 patients were evaluated with neurologic examination, electroencephalography (EEG), brainstem evoked response (BER), somatosensory evoked responses (SSER), and continuous reaction times prior to and at 6 h and 24 h after myelography with either metrizamide or iohexol [9].

High impact information on Nycodenz

• To establish the subcellular localization of the 3-oxoacyl-CoA thiolase precursor protein, cultured skin fibroblasts were fractionated on a continuous Nycodenz gradient [10].
• Iohexol to monitor GFR [11].
• The Pal1 polypeptide was highly enriched in the organellar pellet fraction prepared from wild-type cells by differential centrifugation and comigrated upon velocity sedimentation in a Nycodenz gradient with a known component of the peroxisomal matrix, e-oxoacyl-CoA thiolase [12].
• Constitutive secretory vesicles carrying heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) were identified in isolated rat hepatocytes by pulse-chase experiments with [35S]sulfate and purified by velocity-controlled sucrose gradient centrifugation followed by equilibrium density centrifugation in Nycodenz [13].
• Other constitutively secreted proteins (rat serum albumin, apolipoprotein E, and fibrinogen) could not be detected in purified HSPG-carrying vesicles, but banded in the denser fractions of the Nycodenz gradient [13].

Chemical compound and disease context of Nycodenz

• Doses used were 1 and 2 mg/kg of body weight for KI, 3.5 and 7 mg/kg of body weight for PTU, 1 mL/kg (282 mg I/kg) and 2 mL/kg (564 mg I/kg) of body weight for diatrizoate meglumine, and 1 mL/kg (300 mg I/kg) and 2 mL/kg (600 mg I/kg) of body weight for iohexol [14].
• Within the group of nonionic contrast media, the Iopamidol associated promotion of thrombus growth was significantly higher than the Iopromide or Iohexol associated effects [15].
• Although it was noted that iophendylate induced intraocular inflammation and retinal degeneration, all iohexol-treated eyes were similar to the control eyes at 7 and 31 days of follow-up [16].
• In addition, the development of clinical symptoms of pancreatitis was less in patients who received Omnipaque than in those who received Hexabrix or Hypaque (1 vs. 3 vs. 4). No significant difference was found between patients who received ionic agents [17].
• Under adverse conditions, high doses and high concentrations of iohexol produced little arachnoiditis, while metrizamide produced mild to moderate arachnoiditis [18].

Biological context of Nycodenz

• The effects of Albunex on hemodynamics, left ventricular function, and coronary sinus blood flow compare favorably with iohexol [19].
• Plasma clearance of nonradioactive iohexol as a measure of glomerular filtration rate [20].
• Renografin-76 caused a marked decrease in left ventricular systolic pressure (140 +/- 7 to 106 +/- 8 mm Hg) and in heart rate (122 +/- 7 to 101 +/- 5 beats/min) with an increase in end-diastolic pressure (5 +/- 1 to 12 +/- 1 mm Hg), whereas iohexol did not significantly alter these variables [21].
• In this study, GFR was measured by iohexol technique in 227 non-nephrotic patients with different degrees of renal impairment and was then correlated with Lp(a) serum concentrations stratified according to low (LMW) and high (HMW) molecular weight apo(a) phenotypes [22].
• Isotonic cell lysis followed by equilibrium density centrifugation in Nycodenz gradients yielded mitochondrial fractions exhibiting a membrane potential [23].

Anatomical context of Nycodenz

• We used indirect immunofluorescence, immunoelectron microscopy, and a novel Nycodenz gradient centrifugation procedure for separating the ER, the intermediate compartment, and the Golgi complex [24].
• Intracoronary injections of Albunex into the left main coronary artery were performed, as were injections of 5% human serum albumin and iohexol, a widely used angiographic contrast agent [19].
• Highly purified (> 99%, by negative selection using anti-CD16 immunomagnetic microbeads) human peripheral blood eosinophils were obtained from four asthmatic subjects (not taking systemic medication), homogenized and density fractionated (5 x 10(7) cells/subject) on linear Nycodenz gradients [25].
• Granule localization of IL-6 was confirmed using dot-blot analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) on subcellular fractions of highly purified eosinophils produced from density centrifugation across a 0% to 45% Nycodenz gradient [26].
• A small bolus of iohexol (radiopaque extracellular indicator) or iodipamide ethyl ester microparticles (radiopaque plasma indicator) injected into the renal artery was followed by CT as it passed through the kidney and into the renal vein [27].

Associations of Nycodenz with other chemical compounds

• In 10 patients with coronary artery disease (group B), CSF was measured after administration of 6 ml isotonic saline, 6 ml sodium metrizoate, and 6 ml of another contrast medium (iohexol) [28].
• The subcellular site of oxidation of [1-14C]phytanic acid to pristanic acid and CO2 was examined by measurement of the release of 14CO2 in different organelles from human and rat tissues prepared by isopycnic density gradient centrifugation in Nycodenz [29].
• Peroxisomes (marker enzymes: catalase and dihydroxyacetone phosphate acyltransferase) present in the L fraction were separated from other organelles in a Nycodenz density gradient centrifugation employing a vertical rotor [30].
• Iothalamate and iohexol stimulated endothelin release from cultured bovine endothelial cells, suggesting a direct effect of ionic and nonionic agents on vascular endothelium [31].
• The primary purpose of the 5-yr double-blind, double-dummy, randomized study was to establish whether 40 to 80 mg of telmisartan conferred similar (i.e., noninferior) renoprotection to 10 to 20 mg of enalapril as determined by the change from baseline in GFR, measured by the plasma clearance of iohexol [32].

Gene context of Nycodenz

• The intracellular localization of IL-2 was determined by fractionation of the cells on a linear (0-45%) Nycodenz gradient in sucrose buffer followed by detection of IL-2 in the fractions using an IL-2-specific ELISA and dot blotting [33].
• METHODS: We investigated the relationship between plasma ADPN, glomerular filtration rate (GFR) (plasma iohexol clearance), and metabolic risk factors in 16 patients with nephrotic syndrome, in 25 patients with chronic nephropathies without nephrotic syndrome, and in 31 healthy subjects [34].
• Fractionation of cell membranes on Nycodenz gradients showed that the majority of each transporter subtype was associated with the plasma membrane (63-93%) and that transporter distribution did not change markedly in response to addition or withdrawal of IL-3 [35].
• After ultracentrifugation of rat lung or EC homogenates through density gradients of Nycodenz, TFPI was highly enriched at densities of 1.05 to 1.08 g/mL, together with caveolin and alkaline phosphatase [36].
• Iohexol-induced neutrophil myeloperoxidase release and activation upon contact with vascular stent-graft material: a mechanism contributing to the postimplantation syndrome [37]?

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Nycodenz

• The tumor cells were isolated from the lavage fluid on Nycodenz (Nyegaard, Oslo, Norway) columns [38].
• Encephalopathy after iohexol myelography [39].
• The location of the ligand, generally asialofetuin, was analyzed by isopycnic centrifugation on Nycodenz gradients [40].
• The transport pathways were studied in rat liver cells by means of subcellular fractionation in Nycodenz and sucrose density gradients and by immunoelectron microscopy [41].
• Enriched insulin secretory granules (ISG) were prepared by sucrose/nycodenz ultracentrifugation [42].

References