Disease relevance of iopamidol

• Aseptic meningoencephalitis after iopamidol myelography [1].
• Paraplegia after iopamidol myelography [2].
• We describe 3 patients (from a series of 785) who had generalized tonic-clonic seizures after iopamidol myelography [3].
• Allergic adverse reactions, such as bronchospasm, urticaria and itching, occurred in 15 of the ioxaglate group and only 1 of the patients receiving iopamidol (p less than 0.0007) [4].
• Subsequently, albumin permeability, proteinuria, and iopamidol clearance were determined in an additional group of 40 diabetic animals studied at 24, 72, 96, and 120 h after induction [5].

Psychiatry related information on iopamidol

• The authors describe two patients who developed transient global amnesia after they underwent cerebral angiography with iopamidol [6].
• Clinical tolerance to the myelographic contrast media metrizamide and iopamidol was evaluated in 26 and 30 patients, respectively, with a battery of neuropsychologic tests before and after myelography in a randomized, double-blind prospective study [7].

High impact information on iopamidol

• To examine the relative nephrotoxicity of the two types of agents, we randomly assigned 443 patients to receive either iopamidol (nonionic) or diatrizoate (ionic) for cardiac catheterization [8].
• Study variables included blood pressure, proteinuria, iopamidol clearance, albumin permeability and glomerular area [5].
• GFR, RPF, endothelin-1 (ET-1) levels, urinary sodium concentration, and fractional excretion of sodium were measured in CRF patients undergoing water diuresis in basal conditions and 20 to 120 min after an iv bolus of either the high-osmolar CM diatrizoate (D) or the low-osmolar CM iopamidol (I) [9].
• Myocardial washout of sonicated iopamidol reflects coronary blood flow in the absence of autoregulation [10].
• Chest pain occurred in 11 patients in the ioxaglate group compared with 5 in the iopamidol group (p = 0.123) [4].

Chemical compound and disease context of iopamidol

• This report demonstrates that the electrocardiographic changes, the severity and duration of hypotension and the incidence of serious arrhythmias are significantly greater with Renografin-76 than with iopamidol [11].
• Thromboembolism occurred in all nonheparinized dogs that underwent angiography with iohexol or iopamidol but not in any other group [12].
• The incidences of ventricular fibrillation were 0% with iotrolan, 8.3% with sodium iopamidol, 10% with ioxaglate, and 100% with iopamidol and mannitol [13].
• To evaluate the myocardial metabolic effects of a new nonionic contrast agent, iopamidol, a randomized, double-blind study was performed comparing iopamidol with sodium meglumine diatrizoate (Renografin-76) in 23 patients with ischemic heart disease [14].
• In this study we evaluated the degree of pulmonary edema induced by a high dose (6 g I/kg) of these new agents and found that Ioxaglate produced higher lung weights than Renografin 60 and Iopamidol [15].

Biological context of iopamidol

• Iopamidol (1.5 ml kg-1) caused a moderate decrease in pulmonary and systemic vascular resistance, slight increases in right ventricular end-diastolic pressure and a marked rise in right ventricular contractility (dP/dtmax) [16].
• Heart rate, cardiac output and right atrial pressure rose significantly more after amidotrizoate and this contrast medium caused more extensive systemic vasodilation and a larger decrease in aortic pressure as compared to iopamidol [16].
• RESULTS: Ioxaglate did not activate platelets, but evidence of platelet activation by iohexol and iopamidol was found in blood from two and three healthy volunteers, respectively, of the six volunteers studied [17].
• RESULTS: The radiocontrast agents reduced cell viability to a greater extent than hyperosmolal mannitol solutions in both cell lines; diatrizoate was more toxic than iopamidol [18].
• Analysis of continuous 48-hour ECGs showed that both ioxaglate and iopamidol induced a slight increase (by 8% and 7%, respectively; p less than 0.05) in heart rate during injection with early and complete recovery.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)[19]

Anatomical context of iopamidol

• Altogether, 33 subendocardial injections into the left ventricular myocardium were performed under fluoroscopic control using a mixture of 0.5-1.5 ml ethanol and 0.5-1 ml iopamidol as contrast medium [20].
• In 30 patients undergoing coronary angiography the effects of Iopamidol on sinus node activity, atrioventricular and intraventricular conduction were evaluated using His Bundle recordings, and compared to the effects produced by Diatrizoate [21].
• Breast sentinel lymph node mapping at CT lymphography with iopamidol: preliminary experience [22].
• In an attempt to define protein excretion patterns during kidney malfunctions, the excretion of brush border membrane proteins was analyzed after one intravenous injection of the X-ray contrast medium, iopamidol [23].
• This study was conducted to assess the chemotoxic effects of iopamidol, a prototypic CM, on a porcine proximal tubule (PT) cell line, LLC-PK(1) cells [24].

Associations of iopamidol with other chemical compounds

• Three hundred seven high risk patients with renal impairment (serum creatinine greater than or equal to 1.5 mg/dl) were randomized in a double-blind manner to either iopamidol (a nonionic, low osmolar radiocontrast agent) or diatrizoate (a conventional radiocontrast agent) at cardiac angiography with subsequent follow-up study of renal function [25].
• A multivariate logistic regression model showed that the risk of CIN is similar with the iso-osmolality iodixanol and the low-osmolality iopamidol (796 mOsm/kg) [26].
• A double-blind, randomized study was performed to compare discomfort and pain associated with the use of iopamidol and Hypaque (diatrizoate sodium and diatrizoate meglumine) during iliofemoral runoff arteriography in 33 patients [27].
• Complete thrombotic occlusion of the arterial blood flow in the upper extremity was produced after mixture of Isovue 370 (iopamidol) and papaverine hydrochloride during routine angiography [28].
• In vivo and in vitro tests were performed with ionic and nonionic contrast media, including iopamidol and iobitridol [29].

Gene context of iopamidol

• Decrease (20 - 40%) of platelet aggregation occurred at T1, whichever platelet aggregating agent (ADP, collagen, Ristocetin or thrombin) were used (significant after Iopamidol 300 and Na Meg Ioxaglate) [30].
• Ioxaglate and iopamidol both increased the prothrombotic factors vWF and PAI-1 to the same degree indicating a similar risk of thrombogenicity between low-osmolal ionic and non-ionic radiocontrast agents in this in vitro model [31].
• We have attempted to develop murine models to determine whether or not anaphylactic antibodies such as IgE and IgG1 against hapten (DNP) were enhanced with contrast medium (iopamidol) as an adjuvant or if the contrast medium itself produced antibodies of the IgE class [32].
• The maximum increase of GGT excretion was, however, statistically significantly lower in the group treated with iopromide than in the iopamidol group [33].
• With diabetes a more pronounced iopamidol effect on the excretion of brush border membrane proteins and a significant increase in the excretion of villin was observed [23].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of iopamidol

• After intravenous injection of 100 mL iopamidol, the woman became short of breath, and a chest radiograph showed severe pulmonary oedema [34].
• INTERVENTIONS: After patients received saline for hydration, coronary angiography and left ventriculography were done with iopamidol (average dose, 203 +/- 56 cc) [35].
• These effects were similar with the three contrast agents studied except that the use of iopamidol was associated with increased platelet responsiveness to all concentrations of ADP after balloon dilation [36].
• Binding of iopamidol to fibrinogen was also shown by affinity chromatography using a Sepharose-fibrinogen column [37].
• Digital subtraction angiography with an intravenous bolus of 80 ml of a low-osmolar nonionic contrast medium (iopamidol) was performed late in the postoperative course or when severe impairment of pancreas-graft perfusion was discovered by radionuclide angiography [38].

References