Disease relevance of N-BUTYLAMINE

• Although the wild-type strain of Paracoccus denitrificans produced an active, mature enzyme upon induction with n-butylamine, a mutant strain in which the ORF2 gene had been mostly deleted, neither grew in the n-butylamine medium nor showed QHNDH activity [1].
• Although benomyl--or rather its non-enzymatic breakdown product methyl benzimidazol-2-yl carbamate (MBC)--was partially degraded to 2-AB, most probably n-butylamine, which arises after splitting off of the butylcarbamoyl side chain, was the actual carbon source for the Pseudomonas isolates [2].
• Developmental toxicity of oral n-butylamine hydrochloride and inhaled n-butylamine in rats [3].
• Inhaled n-butylamine produced concentration-dependent nasal epithelial hyperplasia and squamous metaplasia, inflammation and necrosis; the maternal NOAEL was less than 17 ppm [3].
• Butylamine and pentylamine derivatives of PSMA copolymers exhibited more than 80% hemolysis at endosomal pH values, which suggests their potential as a platform of "smart" polymeric carriers for enhanced cytoplasmic delivery of a variety of therapeutic macromolecules [4].

High impact information on N-BUTYLAMINE

• A putative [Fe-S]-cluster-binding protein (ORF2 protein) encoded between the structural genes for thealpha- andgamma-subunits of QHNDH in the n-butylamine-utilizing operon likely belongs to a Radical SAM (S-Ado-Met) superfamily that includes many proteins involved in vitamin biosynthesis and enzyme activation [1].
• When the mutant strain was transformed with an expression plasmid for the ORF2 protein, n-butylamine-dependent bacterial growth and QHNDH activity were restored [1].
• It is formed posttranslationally in the precursor of eukaryotic initiation factor 5A (eIF5A) by deoxyhypusine synthase, employing spermidine as a butylamine donor [5].
• Separate experiments showing efficient transfer of labeled butylamine moiety from enzyme intermediate to eIF-5A precursor strongly support a reaction mechanism involving an imine intermediate [6].
• The addition of n-butylamine to assay mixtures containing lysyl oxidase and TNM markedly increased the background rate of nitroform release [7].

Biological context of N-BUTYLAMINE

• Absolute rate constants for dimerization of Ph2Ge and Mes2Ge and for their reaction with n-butylamine and acetic acid in hexane at 23 degrees C are also reported [8].
• Model reagent adducts were prepared in situ by reductive amination with N-butylamine and N alpha-acetyllysine-N-methylamide [9].
• This enzyme exists in periplasm and catalyzes the oxidative deamination of primary aliphatic and aromatic amines. n-Butylamine or benzylamine as a carbon and energy source strongly induces the expression of the enzyme [10].
• Hydrolysis of 1 is suppressed in the presence of the nucleophiles as it could be demonstrated with different concentrations of butylamine in semiquantitative studies [11].
• The use of proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry (1H NMR) for monitoring the reaction of epoxides with butylamine and predictive capabilities of the relative alkylation index (RAI) for skin sensitization by epoxides [12].

Anatomical context of N-BUTYLAMINE

• The effect of the known inhibitors of iron uptake, n-butylamine and NH4Cl, was examined at the molecular level to more precisely define the mechanisms by which these lysosomotropic agents block iron uptake by rabbit reticulocytes [13].
• Supercoiled enriched PM-2 DNA has been relaxed by treating with calf thymus topoisomerase I and used in the preparation of a family of n-butylamine adducts of varying levels of substitution [14].
• Tris and two of its hydroxylated amine analogs were examined in a metal-free, universal n-butylamine buffer, for their interaction with intestinal brush border sucrase [15].
• Formation of O6-ethyldeoxyguanosine from NEBA, however, was twice as high in liver as in nasal mucosa and lung and four times as high in liver as in oesophagus [16].
• Motile and immotile mouse spermatozoa became resistant to n-butylamine when aged in physiologic medium and buffer, respectively [17].

Associations of N-BUTYLAMINE with other chemical compounds

• In vitro RAST inhibition studies indicated that cefadroxil-butylamine monomers cross-reacted with amoxicillin butylamine and the side chain contributed relevantly to the inhibition [18].
• We used a mu-Bondapak C18 reversed-phase column and a mobile phase of acetonitrile/water (74/26 by vol) plus 26 microL of n-butylamine per liter [19].
• 2,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid butylamine and other ionic liquid matrixes for enhanced MALDI-MS analysis of biomolecules [20].
• These amine adducts of covalently closed relaxed (ccr) DNA, freed of the formaldehyde and n-butylamine reactants, have circular dichroism (CD) spectral properties similar to those previously reported for the adducts of calf thymus DNA [Chen, C., Kilkuskie, R., & Hanlon, S. (1981) Biochemistry 20, 4987-4995] [14].
• They couple with simple amines (n-butylamine and tert-butylamine) and to lysine side chains of proteins (bovine serum albumin and lysozyme) with varying yields [21].

Gene context of N-BUTYLAMINE

• In a model study, succinimidyl N-[N'-(4-azidobenzoyl)tyrosyl]-beta-alanate (16A) was coupled to n-butylamine (a Lys surrogate), iodinated, and cleaved with chymotrypsin in the presence of tyrosylamide to afford the desired adduct (N-(N'-(4-azidobenzoyl)-3-iodotyrosyl)tyrosinamide, thereby demonstrating the feasibility of the enzymatic cleavage [22].
• A mobile phase of 0.5% n-butylamine in methanol-hexane-methyl tert. butyl ether (1:1:1) is used in the analysis [23].
• The use of proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry (1H NMR) for monitoring the reaction of epoxides with butylamine and predictive capabilities of the relative alkylation index (RAI) for skin sensitization by epoxides [24].
• Such an analysis allows to dissect the contributions due to the primary recognition subsite, where small mono-functional ligands (e.g., n-butylamine) bind, from those of the secondary subsite(s), which are additional recognition clefts for macromolecular inhibitors (e.g., BPTI and PSTI) [25].
• We examined the formation of quaternary pyridinium crosslinks of elastin formed by condensation of lysine and allysine residues using the model compounds propanal (allysine) and n-butylamine (lysine) under quasi-physiological conditions [26].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of N-BUTYLAMINE

• Circular dichroism spectral properties of covalent complexes of deoxyribonucleic acid and n-butylamine [27].
• The derivatives of calf thymus DNA in which n-butylamine is covalently attached as described in the preceding paper in this series [Chen, C. Y., Pheiffer, B. H., Zimmerman, S. B., & Hanlon, S. (1983) Biochemistry (preceding paper in this issue)] were examined by Raman spectroscopy [28].
• The residue was reconstituted with 0.220 ml of chloroform and 0.030 ml of n-butylamine (0.33%, v/v, in chloroform) and injected into the HPLC system [29].
• Determination of butylamine in air samples by isotachophoresis [30].
• Northern blot analysis indicated that AO-I was highly expressed in A. niger grown on n-butylamine as a single nitrogen source [31].

References