Disease relevance of S-Allylcysteine

• To provide a better understanding of the effects of allium derivatives on the prevention of colon cancer, we examined two water-soluble derivatives of garlic, S-allylcysteine (SAC) and S-allylmercaptocysteine (SAMC), for their effects on proliferation and cell cycle progression in two human colon cancer cell lines, SW-480 and HT-29 [1].
• Furthermore, examination of cell lines from other types of cancer (ovarian, nasopharyngeal and esophageal carcinomas) also confirmed that the effect of SAC and SAMC on activation of E-cadherin might be a general effect on human cancer cells [2].
• The efficacy of S-allylcysteine (SAC) as a free radical scavenger was studied using rat brain ischemia models [3].
• Findings of this work: (i) support the participation of reactive oxygen species in Abeta(25-35)-induced hippocampal toxicity and learning deficits; and (ii) suggest that the protective effects of S-allylcysteine were related to its ability to scavenge reactive oxygen species [4].
• S-Allylcysteine, one of the major compounds in AGE, also reduced hemolysis at 1-10 mM dose-dependently [5].

Psychiatry related information on S-Allylcysteine

• The effects of S-allylcysteine on oxidative damage and spatial learning and memory deficits produced by an intrahippocampal injection of amyloid-beta peptide 25-35 (Abeta(25-35)) in rats were investigated [4].

High impact information on S-Allylcysteine

• Results showed that S-allylmercaptocysteine (50 mg/L) diminished LNCaP cell growth whereas the antiproliferative effect of S-allylcysteine was not as pronounced [6].
• Using colony-forming, wound-closure as well as matrigel-invasion assays, we found that two main water-soluble constituents of the garlic, S-allylcysteine (SAC) and S-allylmercaptocysteine (SAMC), were able to suppress PCa cell proliferation and invasive abilities [2].
• In this study the effects of S-allylcysteine (SAC), a water-soluble organosulfur compound derived from garlic, on GST activities in the liver, small intestine and colon were investigated [7].
• Studies with SAC suggest the primary effect of garlic and its constituents is on the bioactivation and binding of the carcinogen rather than DNA repair [8].
• S-Allylcysteine, a key component of aged garlic, is a potent antioxidant and can inhibit AGEP formation [9].

Chemical compound and disease context of S-Allylcysteine

• This study was aimed to evaluate the role of S-allylcysteine (SAC) in isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial infarction (MI) in rats [10].
• Difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), s-allylcysteine, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) analogue 8543, l-selenomethionine, and vitamin E acetate were not toxic or only produced mild toxicity with all endpoints in all eight cell types [11].

Biological context of S-Allylcysteine

• S-allylcysteine inhibits free radical production, lipid peroxidation and neuronal damage in rat brain ischemia [3].
• S-Allylcysteine prevents amyloid-beta peptide-induced oxidative stress in rat hippocampus and ameliorates learning deficits [4].
• Pharmacokinetics of the garlic compound S-allylcysteine [12].
• Combination of S-allylcysteine and lycopene induces apoptosis by modulating Bcl-2, Bax, Bim and caspases during experimental gastric carcinogenesis [13].
• S-Allylcysteine, a non-volatile bioactive component of aged garlic preparations, was determined in human plasma and urine by HPLC-MS using the negative ion atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mode (APcI)- MS [14].

Anatomical context of S-Allylcysteine

• In this study, we determined the effects of aged garlic extract (AGE) and its major compound, S-allylcysteine (SAC), on oxidized LDL (Ox-LDL)-induced injury in endothelial cells (EC) [15].
• A water extract of raw garlic (RGE) and two organosulfur compounds, diallyl sulfide and S-allylcysteine (SAC), were evaluated for their relative effectiveness in reducing benzo[a]pyrene (BaP)-DNA adduct formation in stimulated human peripheral blood lymphocytes in vitro [16].

Associations of S-Allylcysteine with other chemical compounds

• Long-term extraction of garlic (up to 20 mo) ages the extract, creating antioxidant properties by modifying unstable molecules with antioxidant activity, such as allicin, and increasing stable and highly bioavailable water-soluble organosulfur compounds, such as S-allylcysteine and S-allylmercaptocysteine [17].
• S-Allylcysteine prevents the rat from 3-nitropropionic acid-induced hyperactivity, early markers of oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction [18].
• Other organosulphur compounds like allyl mercaptan and S-allylcysteine showed no or less clear effects on MMP-secretion or TIMP-1-secretion [19].
• S-allylcysteine, a water-soluble garlic derivative, suppresses the growth of a human androgen-independent prostate cancer xenograft, CWR22R, under in vivo conditions [20].
• Effects of S-allylcysteine (SAC), an organosulfur compound of garlic, on circulatory lipid peroxidation and antioxidant levels were evaluated in N-nitrosodiethylamine (NEDA)-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in Wistar rats [21].

Gene context of S-Allylcysteine

• OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of S-allylcysteine (SAC) on CWR22R, a human androgen-independent (AI) prostate cancer xenograft, in nude mice [20].
• We examined the effect of S-allylcysteine (SAC), a water-soluble garlic constituent, on cytokeratin expression, a sensitive and specific marker for differentiation status during 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced hamster buccal pouch (HBP) carcinogenesis in male Syrian hamsters [22].
• The apoptosis-inducing capacity of S-allylcysteine (SAC), a water-soluble garlic constituent, during 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-induced hamster buccal pouch (HBP) carcinogenesis was investigated in male Syrian hamsters using DNA fragmentation and the apoptosis-associated proteins, tissue transglutaminase (tTG) and Bcl-2 [23].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of S-Allylcysteine

• The pharmacokinetic behavior of S-allylcysteine (SAC), one of the biologically active transformation products from garlic, was investigated after oral administration to rats, mice, and dogs [12].
• In addition, some organosulfur compounds derived from garlic, including S-allylcysteine, have been found to retard the growth of chemically induced and transplantable tumors in several animal models [24].
• Altered cytokeratin expression during chemoprevention of hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis by S-allylcysteine [22].

References