Disease relevance of FADS1

• Fads in the treatment of low back pain [1].
• Models of contagion arise broadly in both the biological and the social sciences, with applications ranging from the transmission of infectious diseases to the spread of cultural fads [2].
• Whether these are fads or truly represent important changes in the way peo-ple eat and that ultimately will lead to a lower rate of obesity and improved health is impossible to know [3].
• However, D5D did not localize well to renal cell carcinoma xenografts in vivo despite its highly restrictive in vitro reactivity [4].
• Moreover, the rtxC product was highly homologous to the fatty acid desaturase of Pseudomonas syringae and included the copper-binding signature and eight histidine residues conserved in membrane-bound desaturase [5].

Psychiatry related information on FADS1

• Gluttony and indiscriminate eating were characteristic of FTD, whereas patients with semantic dementia were more likely to exhibit food fads [6].
• Family therapy, unlike many fleeting therapeutic fads, has flourished in established mental health circles for the past 25 years [7].
• The strongest desires to improve skills were in the areas of obesity, poor dietary patterns, sports nutrition, food fads, supplement misuse, alternative diets, and eating disorders [8].
• We must recognize that adolescence is a critical period of life, and food fads may deeply change the dietary habits acquired within the familiar group [9].
• The most frequently reported behavioral symptoms were food fads, irritability, depression, and preoccupation with puzzles; cognitive deficits included word-finding difficulties, reduced comprehension, difficulty with person identification, and reduced conversation [10].

High impact information on FADS1

• Hitchhiking fads en route to peroxisomes [11].
• The tomato suppressor of prosystemin-mediated responses2 gene encodes a fatty acid desaturase required for the biosynthesis of jasmonic acid and the production of a systemic wound signal for defense gene expression [12].
• Common genetic variants of the FADS1 FADS2 gene cluster and their reconstructed haplotypes are associated with the fatty acid composition in phospholipids [13].
• RESULTS: High activity of estimated SCD-1 (odds ratio=1.29, p<0.05) and D6D (odds ratio=1.35, p<0.05), as well as low estimated D5D activity (odds ratio=0.71, p<0.001) predicted the development of metabolic syndrome (as defined by the National Cholesterol Education Program) [14].
• This trend risks replicating both the rejuvenation fads of a century ago and the recent experience in estrogen therapy for menopause that has been propelled for decades by advocacy substituting for reliable scientific evidence [15].

Chemical compound and disease context of FADS1

• These mice develop multiple gastrointestinal lesions including adenomas and carcinomas, focal areas of high grade dysplasia (FAD) and polypoid hyperplasias with FADS [16].

Biological context of FADS1

• Plasmid omega-3 fatty acid desaturase cDNA from Ricinus communis [17].
• The amino-acid sequence deduced from the nucleotide sequence of an auxin-regulated gene, ARG1, isolated from auxin-treated sections of mung-bean hypocotyls (Yamamoto et al. 1992, Plant Cell Physiol. 33, 13-20), is 69% identical to that of a delta 15 fatty-acid desaturase from Brassica napus L. that is localized in the endoplasmic reticulum [18].
• By subtraction hybridization of vitamin A (VA)-deficient and control rat liver cDNA libraries, we isolated a 106-bp cDNA fragment that proved to be homologous to human liver D5D cDNA and used it as a probe to analyze rat D5D mRNA and clone the rat full-length cDNA [19].
• The 3413-bp full-length D5D cDNA cloned from rat liver contains an open reading frame of 447 amino acid residues sharing 92% similarity with its human counterpart [19].
• The regulation of D5D by VA could be important for growth and development, and reproduction, as well as in the control of inflammation [19].

Anatomical context of FADS1

• Specificity testing against 33 human tumor cell lines revealed D5D to have no specific reactivity with 17 specimens of normal adult or fetal kidney [20].
• A clone for a plastid omega-3 fatty acid desaturase (FAD) was isolated from a leaf cDNA library of hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). The nucleotide sequence of a 1,317 bp open reading frame in the CachFAD showed 80.9% homology with that of tobacco plant [21].

Associations of FADS1 with chemical compounds

• FAD synthetase (FADS) (EC 2.7.7.2) is a key enzyme in the metabolic pathway that converts riboflavin into the redox cofactor FAD [22].
• The expressed protein accounted for more than 40% of the total protein extracted from the cell culture; 10% of it was recovered in a soluble and nearly pure form by Triton X-100 treatment of the insoluble cell fraction. hFADS2 possesses FADS activity and has a strict requirement for MgCl(2), as demonstrated in a spectrophotometric assay [22].
• Delta-6 Desaturase (D6D) and Delta-5 desaturase (D5D) are the key enzymes for the synthesis of highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFAs), such as arachidonic acid (20:4, n -6) and docosahexaenoic acid (22:6, n -3), that are incorporated in phospholipids (PLs) and perform essential physiological functions [23].
• Fentanyl, fads, and folly: who will adopt the therapeutic orphans [24]?
• Treatment of VA-deficient rats with all-trans-retinoic acid lowered the level of expression of D5D mRNA toward that of VA-sufficient rats [19].

Other interactions of FADS1

• K562/ADM cells showed decreased expression of the genes for fatty acid desaturase 1 (FADS1), hemoglobin epsilon 1, N-myristoyltransferase 1, hemoglobin alpha 2, NADH dehydrogenase Fe-S protein 6, heat shock 90-kDa protein, and karyopherin beta 1 [25].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of FADS1

• Maternal low protein diet in rats programmes fatty acid desaturase activities in the offspring [26].
• Fads, flaws, fallacies, and foolishness in evaluation of rehabilitation programs [27].
• These issues include the prevalence, prediction, and prevention of sports-related traumatic orofacial injuries as well as fads and habits such as tongue piercing, smokeless tobacco, eating disorders, and performance-enhancing drugs [28].
• Fads and fashions of early breast cancer clinical trials in the United States over the past decade (1971-1981) [29].

References