Disease relevance of LSS

• Chickens in the MSS environment, compared with those on the HSS and LSS environments, had greater weight gains, superior feed efficiencies, medium plasma corticosterone levels, a better negative correlation between antibody responsiveness and RBC antigens, and better resistance to Mycoplasma gallisepticum challenge [1].
• Structure of the human Lanosterol synthase gene and its analysis as a candidate for holoprosencephaly (HPE1) [2].
• After a lag time of at least 8 h, Si-induced alleviation of Al toxicity was observed in this variety when grown in LSS [3].
• Four reporting sources were evaluated: medical records kept by health facilities, interviews conducted during a case-control study, and the national and provincial levels of the leishmaniasis surveillance system (LSS) [4].
• The relationship between LSS, tibial hemimelia-polysyndactyly-triphalangeal thumbs syndrome, triphalangeal thumb-polysyndactyly syndrome, preaxial polydactyly types 2 and 3, and Haas-type syndactyly is discussed [5].

Psychiatry related information on LSS

• Furthermore, they had longer reaction times, more LSS reactions, smaller toe and heel distances, and larger foot clearances [6].

High impact information on LSS

• Specifically, lanosterol synthase in the sterol biosynthetic pathway was identified as a target of the antianginal drug molsidomine, which may explain its cholesterol-lowering effects [7].
• Inhibition of OSC reduces cholesterol biosynthesis and selectively enhances 24(S),25-epoxycholesterol synthesis [8].
• OSC catalyzes the cyclization of the linear 2,3-monoepoxysqualene to lanosterol, the initial four-ringed sterol intermediate in the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway [8].
• The enzyme oxidosqualene:lanosterol cyclase (OSC) represents a novel target for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia [8].
• Through this dual mechanism, OSC inhibition decreases plasma levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol and prevents cholesterol deposition within macrophages [8].

Biological context of LSS

• In vivo inhibition of 2,3-oxidosqualene:lanosterol cyclase (OSC, E.C. 5.4.99.7)--the enzyme which catalyzes the cyclization of monooxidosqualene to lanosterol--does not result in elevated 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA reductase (HMGR) activity [9].
• We cloned a portion of the human lanosterol synthase cDNA (almost 85% of the coding region) from a brain cDNA library and determined its nucleotide sequence [10].
• Using pools of random HC21-specific cosmids from the LL21NC02-Q library and cosmids from 21q22.3 we have identified five different coding regions with strong homology to the lanosterol synthase genes of rat and yeast [10].
• The human lanosterol synthase gene maps to chromosome 21q22.3 [10].
• These data suggest that inhibition of OSC by Ro 48-8071 results in an indirect down-regulation of HMGR mRNA levels and synthesis [9].

Anatomical context of LSS

• Using somatic cell hybrids and HC21 yeast artificial chromosomes (YACS) and cosmids, we mapped the human lanosterol synthase cDNA gene to 2lq22.3 between markers D21S25 and 21qter [10].
• The obtained IC(50) for the reference inhibitor Ro 48-8071 is nearly identical for the recombinant hOSC compared to OSC from human liver microsomes [11].
• We describe azimuthal light scattering spectroscopy (varphi/LSS), a novel technique for assessing epithelial-cell nuclear morphology [12].
• METHODS: Sagittal plane video (200 Hz) and EMG from eight lower extremity muscles were recorded during each of three locomotion conditions: incline running at 4.5 m x s(-1) and 30% grade (INC), level running at 4.5 m x s(-1) (LSS), and level running at the same stride frequency as INC (LSSF) [13].
• The LSS imaging system provides wide-area spectroscopic images of the epithelium, typically 2 cm in each dimension, depicting the size distribution and chromatin content of the cell nuclei, which are key parameters in diagnosing pre-cancer [14].

Associations of LSS with chemical compounds

• We considered LS an excellent candidate HPE gene because of the requirement for cholesterol modification of the Sonic Hedgehog protein for the correct patterning activity of this HPE-associated protein [2].
• This trait is attributed to increased levels of oxysterols, produced upon partial inhibition of OSC, that suppress HMGR and other sterol-responsive genes [9].
• The monotopic integral membrane protein 2,3-oxidosqualene cyclase (OSC) catalyzes the formation of lanosterol the first sterol precursor of cholesterol in mammals [11].
• The yeast lanosterol synthase deficient mutant SMY8 was complemented by the human gene, and a cell-free homogenate of SMY8 expressing the human gene was shown to convert 2,3-oxidosqualene to lanosterol [15].
• Two novel hypolipidaemic agents, both members of the aminopyrimidine series, with a mode of action of inhibition of oxidosqualene cyclase (OSC), were administered orally to dogs and mice for 14 and 28 days [16].

Other interactions of LSS

• Despite extensive pedigree analysis of numerous polymorphisms, as well as complementation studies in yeast on one of the missense mutations, we find no evidence that the LS gene is in fact HPE1, implicating another gene located in this chromosomal region in HPE pathogenesis [2].
• Cockerels were kept in environments characterized by high (HSS), medium (MSS), or low (LSS) levels of social stress for 3 or 4 months [1].
• ECs were kept in static condition or pre-exposed to a high level (HSS, 20 dynes/cm2) or a low level of shear stress (LSS, 0.5 dynes/cm2) for 24 h, and TNF-alpha was added under static condition for 4 h [17].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of LSS

• The correlation of analytical ultracentrifugation data and activity measurements showed the highest enzymatic activity for the monomeric hOSC indicating that this would be the natural form [11].
• Molecular cloning of the human gene encoding lanosterol synthase from a liver cDNA library [15].
• This study aimed to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Leisure Satisfaction Scale (LSS short form) and the Adolescent Leisure Interest Profile (ALIP) [18].
• Epidural steroid injections seem to be a useful component of a comprehensive and functionally oriented rehabilitation program for the patient with LSS [19].
• AIMS AND METHODS: We aimed to assess the ability of exercise stress echocardiography to evaluate the change in pulmonary artery pressure in 51 patients with autoimmune disease (systemic lupus erythamatosus (SLE), limited systemic sclerosis (LSS or "CREST") and diffuse systemic sclerosis (DSS)) [20].

References