Gene Review:
NRAS - neuroblastoma RAS viral (v-ras) oncogene...
Homo sapiens
Synonyms:
ALPS4, CMNS, GTPase NRas, HRAS1, N-ras, ...
James,
Xia,
Gassler,
Frew,
Groves,
Schwartz,
Bowen,
Schuchter,
Wheatley,
Linch,
Kaye,
Hackett,
Langabeer,
Simantov,
O'Dwyer,
Gibbens,
Ratain,
Burnett,
Kottaridis,
Gale,
Moorman,
Poustka,
Mollenhauer,
Helmke,
Frew,
Thome,
Bowen,
Eisen,
Smith,
Langabeer,
Marais,
Rollinson,
Herold-Mende,
Morgan,
Otto,
Wahl,
Ahmad,
Julie A. Ellerhorst,
Victoria R. Greene,
Suhendan Ekmekcioglu,
Carla L. Warneke,
Marcella M. Johnson,
Carolyn P. Cooke,
Li-E Wang,
Victor G. Prieto,
Jeffrey E. Gershenwald,
Qingyi Wei,
Elizabeth A. Grimm,
Roddam,
Benner,
Nathanson,
Hills,
Gore,
Flaherty,
Deichmann,
Dring,
Lyer,
Poulin-Costello,
- Anti-oncogenic role of the endoplasmic reticulum differentially activated by mutations in the MAPK pathway. Denoyelle, C., Abou-Rjaily, G., Bezrookove, V., Verhaegen, M., Johnson, T.M., Fullen, D.R., Pointer, J.N., Gruber, S.B., Su, L.D., Nikiforov, M.A., Kaufman, R.J., Bastian, B.C., Soengas, M.S. Nat. Cell Biol. (2006)
- Activated protooncogenes in human lung tumors from smokers. Reynolds, S.H., Anna, C.K., Brown, K.C., Wiest, J.S., Beattie, E.J., Pero, R.W., Iglehart, J.D., Anderson, M.W. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (1991)
- Analysis of RAS oncogene mutations in human lymphoid malignancies. Neri, A., Knowles, D.M., Greco, A., McCormick, F., Dalla-Favera, R. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (1988)
- Genetic analysis is consistent with the hypothesis that NF1 limits myeloid cell growth through p21ras. Kalra, R., Paderanga, D.C., Olson, K., Shannon, K.M. Blood (1994)
- Activated Ras enhances insulin-like growth factor I induction of vascular endothelial growth factor in prostate epithelial cells. Stearns, M., Tran, J., Francis, M.K., Zhang, H., Sell, C. Cancer Res. (2005)
- NRAS mutation causes a human autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome. Oliveira, J.B., Bidère, N., Niemela, J.E., Zheng, L., Sakai, K., Nix, C.P., Danner, R.L., Barb, J., Munson, P.J., Puck, J.M., Dale, J., Straus, S.E., Fleisher, T.A., Lenardo, M.J. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (2007)
- Clinical correlates of NRAS and BRAF mutations in primary human melanoma. Ellerhorst, J.A., Greene, V.R., Ekmekcioglu, S., Warneke, C.L., Johnson, M.M., Cooke, C.P., Wang, L.E., Prieto, V.G., Gershenwald, J.E., Wei, Q., Grimm, E.A. Clin. Cancer Res. (2011)
- Induction of p21ras in Alzheimer pathology. Gärtner, U., Holzer, M., Heumann, R., Arendt, T. Neuroreport (1995)
- Preferential repair of the N-ras gene in K 562 cells after exposure to cisplatin. Dempke, W., Voigt, W., Grothey, A., Schmoll, H.J. Anticancer Drugs (1999)
- Endomembrane trafficking of ras: the CAAX motif targets proteins to the ER and Golgi. Choy, E., Chiu, V.K., Silletti, J., Feoktistov, M., Morimoto, T., Michaelson, D., Ivanov, I.E., Philips, M.R. Cell (1999)
- Mutational activation of the K-ras oncogene. A possible pathogenetic factor in adenocarcinoma of the lung. Rodenhuis, S., van de Wetering, M.L., Mooi, W.J., Evers, S.G., van Zandwijk, N., Bos, J.L. N. Engl. J. Med. (1987)
- Activated N-ras controls the transformed phenotype of HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells. Paterson, H., Reeves, B., Brown, R., Hall, A., Furth, M., Bos, J., Jones, P., Marshall, C. Cell (1987)
- Distinct gene expression patterns associated with FLT3- and NRAS-activating mutations in acute myeloid leukemia with normal karyotype. Neben, K., Schnittger, S., Brors, B., Tews, B., Kokocinski, F., Haferlach, T., Müller, J., Hahn, M., Hiddemann, W., Eils, R., Lichter, P., Schoch, C. Oncogene (2005)
- Suppression of oncogenic NRAS by RNA interference induces apoptosis of human melanoma cells. Eskandarpour, M., Kiaii, S., Zhu, C., Castro, J., Sakko, A.J., Hansson, J. Int. J. Cancer (2005)
- Structure and activation of the human N-ras gene. Taparowsky, E., Shimizu, K., Goldfarb, M., Wigler, M. Cell (1983)
- Transient response to imatinib in a chronic eosinophilic leukemia associated with ins(9;4)(q33;q12q25) and a CDK5RAP2-PDGFRA fusion gene. Walz, C., Curtis, C., Schnittger, S., Schultheis, B., Metzgeroth, G., Schoch, C., Lengfelder, E., Erben, P., Müller, M.C., Haferlach, T., Hochhaus, A., Hehlmann, R., Cross, N.C., Reiter, A. Genes Chromosomes Cancer (2006)
- Transformation and stimulation of DNA synthesis in NIH-3T3 cells are a titratable function of normal p21N-ras expression. McKay, I.A., Marshall, C.J., Calés, C., Hall, A. EMBO J. (1986)
- RAS mutation in acute myeloid leukemia is associated with distinct cytogenetic subgroups but does not influence outcome in patients younger than 60 years. Bowen, D.T., Frew, M.E., Hills, R., Gale, R.E., Wheatley, K., Groves, M.J., Langabeer, S.E., Kottaridis, P.D., Moorman, A.V., Burnett, A.K., Linch, D.C. Blood (2005)
- Coexpression of NRASQ61R and BRAFV600E in human melanoma cells activates senescence and increases susceptibility to cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Petti, C., Molla, A., Vegetti, C., Ferrone, S., Anichini, A., Sensi, M. Cancer Res. (2006)
- RAS mutations and clonality analysis in children with juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML). Flotho, C., Valcamonica, S., Mach-Pascual, S., Schmahl, G., Corral, L., Ritterbach, J., Hasle, H., Aricò, M., Biondi, A., Niemeyer, C.M. Leukemia (1999)
- Genetic aberrations in the development and subsequent progression of myelodysplastic syndrome. Misawa, S., Horiike, S., Kaneko, H., Kashima, K. Leukemia (1997)
- Relative reciprocity of NRAS and PTEN/MMAC1 alterations in cutaneous melanoma cell lines. Tsao, H., Zhang, X., Fowlkes, K., Haluska, F.G. Cancer Res. (2000)
- Detection of preferential NRAS mutations in human male germ cell tumors by the polymerase chain reaction. Ganguly, S., Murty, V.V., Samaniego, F., Reuter, V.E., Bosl, G.J., Chaganti, R.S. Genes Chromosomes Cancer (1990)
- Detection of RAS mutations in archival testicular germ cell tumors by polymerase chain reaction and oligonucleotide hybridization. Moul, J.W., Theune, S.M., Chang, E.H. Genes Chromosomes Cancer (1992)
- Molecular events in follicular thyroid tumors. Kroll, T.G. Cancer Treat. Res. (2004)
- Recurrent KRAS Codon 146 Mutations in Human Colorectal Cancer. Edkins, S., O'meara, S., Parker, A., Stevens, C., Reis, M., Jones, S., Greenman, C., Davies, H., Dalgliesh, G., Forbes, S., Hunter, C., Smith, R., Stephens, P., Goldstraw, P., Nicholson, A., Chan, T.L., Velculescu, V.E., Yuen, S.T., Leung, S.Y., Stratton, M.R., Futreal, P.A. Cancer Biol. Ther. (2006)
- Human adipose tissue expresses angiotensinogen and enzymes required for its conversion to angiotensin II. Karlsson, C., Lindell, K., Ottosson, M., Sjöström, L., Carlsson, B., Carlsson, L.M. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. (1998)
- Activation of an N-ras gene in acute myeloblastic leukemia through somatic mutation in the first exon. Gambke, C., Hall, A., Moroni, C. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (1985)
- Activation of N-ras in a human melanoma cell line. Padua, R.A., Barrass, N.C., Currie, G.A. Mol. Cell. Biol. (1985)
- RAS mutations are rare events in Philadelphia chromosome-negative/bcr gene rearrangement-negative chronic myelogenous leukemia, but are prevalent in chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. Hirsch-Ginsberg, C., LeMaistre, A.C., Kantarjian, H., Talpaz, M., Cork, A., Freireich, E.J., Trujillo, J.M., Lee, M.S., Stass, S.A. Blood (1990)
- Oncogene N-ras mediates selective inhibition of c-fos induction by nerve growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor in a PC12 cell line. Thomson, T.M., Green, S.H., Trotta, R.J., Burstein, D.E., Pellicer, A. Mol. Cell. Biol. (1990)
- Absence of BRAF and NRAS mutations in uveal melanoma. Cruz, F., Rubin, B.P., Wilson, D., Town, A., Schroeder, A., Haley, A., Bainbridge, T., Heinrich, M.C., Corless, C.L. Cancer Res. (2003)
- Tumorigenicity of human HT1080 fibrosarcoma X normal fibroblast hybrids: chromosome dosage dependency. Benedict, W.F., Weissman, B.E., Mark, C., Stanbridge, E.J. Cancer Res. (1984)
- BRAF mutations distinguish anorectal from cutaneous melanoma at the molecular level. Helmke, B.M., Mollenhauer, J., Herold-Mende, C., Benner, A., Thome, M., Gassler, N., Wahl, W., Lyer, S., Poustka, A., Otto, H.F., Deichmann, M. Gastroenterology (2004)
- Characterization of mutagen-activated cellular oncogenes that confer anchorage independence to human fibroblasts and tumorigenicity to NIH 3T3 cells: sequence analysis of an enzymatically amplified mutant HRAS allele. Stevens, C.W., Manoharan, T.H., Fahl, W.E. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (1988)
- Determination of the gene order of the three loci CD2, NGFB, and NRAS at human chromosome band 1p13 and refinement of their localisation at the subband level by fluorescence in situ hybridisation. Mitchell, E.L., Jones, D., White, G.R., Varley, J.M., Santibanez Koref, M.F. Cytogenet. Cell Genet. (1995)
- CYP1A1*2B (Val) allele is overrepresented in a subgroup of acute myeloid leukemia patients with poor-risk karyotype associated with NRAS mutation, but not associated with FLT3 internal tandem duplication. Bowen, D.T., Frew, M.E., Rollinson, S., Roddam, P.L., Dring, A., Smith, M.T., Langabeer, S.E., Morgan, G.J. Blood (2003)
- RAS gene activation in acute myelogenous leukemia: analysis by in vitro amplification and DNA base sequence determination. Mane, S.M., Meltzer, S.J., Gutheil, J.C., Kapil, V., Lee, E.J., Needleman, S.W. Genes Chromosomes Cancer (1990)
- RAS mutations in myelodysplasia detected by amplification, oligonucleotide hybridization, and transformation. Padua, R.A., Carter, G., Hughes, D., Gow, J., Farr, C., Oscier, D., McCormick, F., Jacobs, A. Leukemia (1988)
- Sorafenib in advanced melanoma: a Phase II randomised discontinuation trial analysis. Eisen, T., Ahmad, T., Flaherty, K.T., Gore, M., Kaye, S., Marais, R., Gibbens, I., Hackett, S., James, M., Schuchter, L.M., Nathanson, K.L., Xia, C., Simantov, R., Schwartz, B., Poulin-Costello, M., O'Dwyer, P.J., Ratain, M.J. Br. J. Cancer (2006)
- BRAF and NRAS mutations in melanoma and melanocytic nevi. Poynter, J.N., Elder, J.T., Fullen, D.R., Nair, R.P., Soengas, M.S., Johnson, T.M., Redman, B., Thomas, N.E., Gruber, S.B. Melanoma Res. (2006)