Disease relevance of Portography

• MATERIALS AND METHODS: The authors reviewed the findings at computed tomography (CT) and CT during arterial portography (CTAP) obtained before and after PEI therapy for 32 lesions in 26 patients with HCC or adenomatous hyperplasia [1].
• Hepatic metastases: detection with multisection FLASH MR imaging during gadolinium chelate-enhanced arterial portography [2].
• 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET was compared to computed tomography (CT) and CT portography for staging metastatic colorectal carcinoma [3].
• The value of performing arterial portography during reactive hyperemia was investigated in four dogs with presinusoidal cirrhosis, stable portal hypertension in excess of 20 cm of water, and extensive porto-systemic venous collaterals, and compared to tolazoline (1 mg/kg) and control studies [4].
• PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the preoperative detectability of hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) using combined T2-weighted and dynamic gadolinium-enhanced MRI and combined CT during arterial portography (CTAP) and CT hepatic arteriography (CTHA) [5].

High impact information on Portography

• Carbon-dioxide portography: an expanding role [6]?
• Probability of hepatocellular carcinoma of small hepatocellular nodules undetectable by computed tomography during arterial portography [7].
• Partial splenic embolization was performed in two patients, direct shunt embolization was performed via percutaneous transhepatic portography in two other patients, and an MCS embolization was performed in one patient through the inferior vena cava [8].
• PURPOSE: To compare findings at computed tomography (CT) enhanced with a hepatocyte-selective contrast agent (iodinated triglyceride) and/or iohexol and at CT during arterial portography (CTAP) [9].
• Magnetic resonance imaging during arterial portography (MRAP) was performed by the authors in a selected group of 12 patients with hepatic lesions [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Portography

• This study was undertaken to compare the detection rate of hepatic space occupying lesion (SOL)s between computed tomography during arterial portography (CT-AP) and magnetic resonance imaging during arterial portography (MR-AP) and the differences in time intensity curve on MR-AP between HCC, metastatic tumor, FNH, and hemangioma [11].
• PURPOSE: To assess the value of multidetector CT portography in visualizing varices and portosystemic collaterals in comparison with conventional portography, and to compare the visualizations obtained by three rendering models (volume rendering, VR; minimum intensity projection, MIP; and shaded surface display, SSD) [12].

Biological context of Portography

• Portal pressures were recorded with a sensitive transducer, portosystemic collaterals were demonstrated with direct splenoportography, and survival of transplanted cells was determined with an endogenous dipeptidyl peptidase IV reporter gene [13].
• Urinary sodium (UNa), creatinine clearance (CrCl), plasma renin activity (PRA), atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), Angiotensin II (AII) and lithium clearance (LiCl) were measured before and 3 months after TIPSS when portography was performed and the portal pressure gradient (PPG) also measured [14].

Anatomical context of Portography

• CO2 splenoportography for evaluating the splenic and portal veins before or after liver transplantation [15].
• The use of ioxaglate in arterial portography should show the portal system at least as well as when a conventional contrast agent is used together with a vasodilator such as tolazoline [16].
• SUBJECTS AND METHODS: In 34 patients who underwent CT during arterial portography to detect liver tumors, CT hepatic arteriography was performed before and after prostaglandin E(1) injection via the superior mesenteric artery [17].
• In patients who underwent arterial portography twice, i.e., by the method using prostaglandin E1 alone and the prostaglandin E1 plus the balloon method, the latter method provided better visualization, particularly in cases in which an aberrant right hepatic artery arose from the superior mesenteric artery [18].
• Color Doppler ultrasonography, computed tomography, and arterial portography revealed an extrahepatic portosystemic shunt that extended tortuously from the superior mesenteric vein into the inferior vena cava, and decreased blood flow in the main portal vein [19].

Associations of Portography with chemical compounds

• Prostaglandin E1 as a pharmacoangiographic agent for arterial portography [20].
• Intraarterial portography with gadopentetate dimeglumine: improved liver-to-lesion contrast in MR imaging [10].
• MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 13 patients with HCC, chemoembolization was performed with injection of a mixture of iodized oil and doxorubicin hydrochloride followed by administration of gelatin sponge; 1-4 weeks later, TPEI was performed with percutaneous transhepatic portography [21].
• Although the sensitivity of 18FDG PET (90%) was slightly lower than that of CT portography (97%), the specificity was much higher (100% versus 9%), including postsurgical sites [3].
• This investigation suggests that both PGE1 and PGF2 alpha are effective for improved arterial portography, the latter agent appearing superior [22].

Gene context of Portography

• On CT during arterial portography, the contrast enhancement indexes of HCCs showed moderate inverse correlation with the difference in the VEGF expression index (-0.51, p = 0.023) [23].
• Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging with arterial portography (MRAP) was compared with computed tomography with arterial portography (CTAP) and conventional MR imaging for preoperative evaluation of hepatic masses in eight patients (nine studies) [24].
• Moreover, in one patient, short gastric veins were not seen on conventional angiographic portography images of the spleen, but were clearly revealed on CT-MIP [25].
• The stage of the primary tumor, disease free interval, preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen, computed tomography portography, intraoperative ultrasound, and assessment of intrahepatic and extrahepatic tumor extension were evaluated [26].
• Our objective was to compare 3D contrast-enhanced MR portography (3D CE MRP) on a 1.5-T MR imager with direct X-ray portography [27].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Portography

• Nevertheless, a combination of tomographic imaging techniques and angiography, such as ultrasound (US) angiography, CT arteriography (CTA), and CT during arterial portography (CTAP) has contributed considerably to the differentiation of overt (advanced) hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) from benign or premalignant/borderline lesions [28].
• Hepatocellular carcinoma: detection with double-phase helical CT during arterial portography [29].
• Detection of hepatocellular carcinoma: comparison of CT during arterial portography with CT after intraarterial injection of iodized oil [30].
• MR arterial portography with gadolinium-DOTA: analysis of nontumoral perfusion abnormalities [31].
• We have used both Ivalon and Gelfoam in particle and plug form to plug the needle tract after splenoportography [32].

References