Disease relevance of Portal Vein

• METHODS: VX-2 rabbit carcinoma cells were maintained by serial transplantation in the thigh muscles of New Zealand White rabbits, and disseminated liver metastases were established by direct injection of tumor cells into the portal vein of the animals [1].
• Ketoacid infusion caused hypokalemia and a significant increase in portal vein plasma insulin, from the basal level of 27 +/- 4 microU/ml to a maximum of 84 +/- 22 microU/ml at 10 min, without changes in glucagon levels [2].
• Multiple recurrences of HCC and portal vein tumor thrombus were observed significantly more often in patients with positive AFP-L3 than in those with negative AFP-L3 status (P < 0.0001) [3].
• Two other cases involved asymptomatic cysts in the presence of cirrhosis, portal vein thrombosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma [4].
• BACKGROUND & AIMS: In rats with portal vein stenosis, the initial cause of aortic nitric oxide (NO) overproduction might be overactivation of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) related to increased shear stress [5].

Psychiatry related information on Portal Vein

• Feeding during 6 h of water deprivation was restored by slowly infusing the volume of water normally drunk into the stomach, jejunum, or cecum, but not in the vena cava or hepatic portal vein [6].

High impact information on Portal Vein

• A puncture needle is advanced in a catheter through the inferior vena cava into a hepatic vein; then an intrahepatic branch of the portal vein is punctured and an expandable stent of metallic mesh is implanted to establish the shunt [7].
• The antibodies also reduced the increase in hepatic vein blood glucose that occurred during meals in control rats, but did not affect the prandial increase in portal vein blood glucose [8].
• High activin/TGFbeta signaling is required near the portal vein for differentiation of biliary cells [9].
• Somatostatin and portal vein infusions of insulin and glucagon were used to clamp the pancreatic hormones at basal levels in the nondiabetic dog [10].
• In conclusion, small changes in portal vein concentrations of insulin and glucagon independently affect hepatic glycogen synthesis and turnover [11].

Chemical compound and disease context of Portal Vein

• METHODS: Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded paired normal and tumour samples were obtained from 393 patients with colon cancer from the UK AXIS trial of postoperative portal vein infusion fluorouracil versus control [12].
• In rats that received a single application of AdCATbeta-TR via the portal vein, liver fibrosis as assessed by histology and hydroxyproline content was markedly attenuated [13].
• Rats with portal vein stenosis showed no significant differences in either isoprenaline responsiveness or beta-receptor characteristics when compared with controls [14].
• We evaluated this hypothesis in conscious rats with portal hypertension due to chronic portal vein stenosis, by comparing the effects of a vasopressin infusion (0.02 IU per kg per min) to those of a control saline infusion, during and after a hypotensive hemorrhage (25 ml per kg) [15].
• PGI2-like activity measured by bioassay was shown to be significantly increased in portal vein segments during established hypertension when compared to control groups [16].

Biological context of Portal Vein

• Upon initiation of ethanol infusion into the portal vein at concentrations ranging from 25 to 100 mM, portal pressure began to increase in a concentration-dependent manner and reached maximal levels in 2-5 min (initial phase), followed by a gradual decrease over the period of ethanol infusion (escape phenomenon) [17].
• In the ex vivo models, bucillamine treatment significantly improved portal vein blood flow and bile production, preserved normal liver architecture, and significantly reduced liver enzyme release and indices of oxidative stress [18].
• Two to three weeks after the transfection, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase levels were elevated in serum, hepatocyte death and lymphocyte infiltration were observed in the vicinity of the portal vein of liver, and HBV virions were no longer detected in the serum [19].
• The kinetics of expression after injection of vector particles into muscle, tail vein, or portal vein were similar with hFIX detectable at 2 weeks and reaching a plateau by 8 weeks [20].
• Polymerase chain reaction analysis demonstrated predominant localization of the rAAV FIX genome in liver and spleen after tail vein injection with a higher proportion in liver after portal vein injection [20].

Anatomical context of Portal Vein

• During taurocholate infusion, it decreased by 33% in the hepatic artery but increased 36% in the portal vein [21].
• Effects of 2-camphanone on canine portal vein blood flow and rat smooth muscle [22].
• In gadolinium-treated rats, more transplanted cells were observed in portal vein radicles, as well as in liver sinusoids, albeit integration of cells in the liver parenchyma was slower in gadolinium-treated rats and cells separated from other hepatocytes in portal vein radicles that failed to exhibit bile canalicular reconstitution [23].
• The contractile effects of 5-hydroxytryptamine on isolated portal veins and superior mesenteric veins of portal hypertensive rats (portal vein constricted) were antagonized competitively by ICI 169,369 [24].
• Evaluation of the relationship of the increase in bile flow to the increase in portal vein secretin concentrations, as well as comparison of the degree of inhibition of bile flow with the inhibition of secretin release produced by somatostatin, indicates that secretin produces approximately 80% of the choleresis produced by acid in the duodenum [25].

Associations of Portal Vein with chemical compounds

• This study using sampling of blood from the portal vein, in addition to arterial and hepatic sites, to estimate separately spillovers of norepinephrine from mesenteric organs and the liver in seven patients undergoing upper abdominal surgery [26].
• Evidence supporting gastric metabolism of ethanol largely derives from the lower AUCs observed after oral than after intravenous administration; however, we observed increasingly higher AUCs with increasingly rapid portal vein infusions of identical ethanol doses [27].
• The 13C-enrichments of portal vein lactate and alanine were 14 and 14%, respectively, in the high-dose group and 11 and 8%, respectively, in the low-dose group [28].
• Propranolol significantly decreased portal vein insulin, portal flow, and increased hepatic glucose production and plasma glucose [29].
• Streptozotocin-induced, diabetic mice (C57BL/6) were preimmunized by injecting 25 low temperature, cultured Wistar-Furth (WF) rat islets into the portal vein, and the recipients received one injection of mouse and rat antilymphocyte sera [30].

Gene context of Portal Vein

• In control liver perfused in situ with constant pressure, infusion of ET-1 into the portal vein at a concentration of 0.1 nmol/L decreased the flow rate without a significant leakage of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) or aspartate transaminase (AST) into the effluent [31].
• Furthermore, a high Ang-2/1 mRNA ratio in HCC was closely associated with tumor portal vein invasion, tumor diameter, and the microvessel density level as assessed by CD34 immunostaining [32].
• As a nontraumatic alternative, we show that exogenous hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is a powerful and safe mitogen for the mature intact murine liver when delivered continuously into the portal vein [33].
• We investigated the effects of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) produced by Kupffer cells on ICAM-1 expression after ischemia-reperfusion in rat liver by occluding the portal vein for 30 minutes [34].
• Slightly reduced expression of MBD2 was detected in HCCs, and the expression of MeCP2 was particularly reduced in HCCs with portal vein involvement [35].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Portal Vein

• Administration of phenobarbital increased liver mass, cytochrome P450 levels, and mixed function oxidase activities both in rats with portal vein ligation and in controls, indicating that the liver of the ligated rats retained considerable protein synthetic capacity [36].
• To determine the fate of exogenous epidermal growth factor (EGF) in regenerating liver, 125I-labeled EGF was injected into rat portal veins at various times after 70% hepatectomy [37].
• The ursodeoxycholic acid oral tolerance test carried out in 10 patients during portal vein catheterization demonstrated that hepatic extraction of this bile acid was correlated with indocyanine green clearance and that it was inversely correlated with portal vein shunt index [38].
• Insulin, glucagon, and insulin/glucagon mixtures have been infused for four days into the left portal vein of dogs after portacaval shunt [39].
• Adrenergic denervation of the rat portal vein was produced in vivo by the sympatholytic agent 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) [40].

References