Disease relevance of Plateletpheresis

• We treated a patient with essential thrombocytosis who developed acute sensorineural hearing loss associated with marked thrombocytosis and in whom the hearing loss reversed after plateletpheresis [1].
• The decrease in glucose level was the most striking single factor correlating with the lack of physical symptoms during the citrate-induced hypocalcemia associated with plateletpheresis [2].
• Citrate toxicity complicating plateletpheresis is not uncommon [3].

High impact information on Plateletpheresis

• Therapeutic recommendations include plateletpheresis for major thrombo-hemorrhagic phenomena, or megakaryocyte suppression with radioactive phosphorus, alkylating agents (such as melphalan), or hydroxyurea; minor symptoms may respond to platelet antiaggregating agents [4].
• Treatment with thrombocytapheresis and azathioprine or busulfan resulted in reduction of the elevated platelet and white cell counts and was associated with partial correction of the vWF abnormalities and remission of the hemostatic abnormalities [5].
• Eleven patients with early PD underwent three sequential plateletphereses: while on no medication, after receiving carbidopa/levodopa for 1 month, and after receiving carbidopa/levodopa plus selegiline for 1 additional month [6].
• In cultures of unprocessed cells derived from plateletpheresis residues or buffy coats, TPA treatment alone induced high levels of IFN and costimulation with TPA and phytohemagglutinin produced some further enhancement of IFN production [7].
• CONCLUSION: Only a slight and rapidly reversible increase in soluble PDGF-AB was found during plateletpheresis and no increase in soluble TGF-beta1 and beta-TG was found [8].

Biological context of Plateletpheresis

• RESULTS: Platelet activation increased after plateletpheresis in the platelet components, but SNP did not inhibit platelet activation during apheresis, as measured by the percentage of p-selectin expression and the secretion of soluble p-selectin and RANTES [9].
• CLINICAL PICTURE: Two patients with ET were managed with a variety of therapeutic approaches including the use of low-dose aspirin, plateletpheresis, hydroxyurea and alpha-interferon in the course of their 4 pregnancies [10].

Anatomical context of Plateletpheresis

• The effects of plateletpheresis on plasma levels of prothrombin fragment (F(1+2)), D-dimer, plasmin-plasmin inhibitor (PPI) complexes, and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1); on the activation of neutrophils (% L-selectin+); and on the frequency of platelet-neutrophil aggregates (% CD41+ neutrophils) were compared [11].
• Eight blood donors underwent paired plateletpheresis using the CS 3000 Plus blood cell separator [12].
• A transient increase in TSA was found in plasmas collected at the end of plateletpheresis during abstinence, but this activity was not detected 12 hr later [13].
• Relatively large amounts of 22K were produced in leukocyte suspensions isolated from buffy coats after induction with concanavalin A (ConA); induction of plateletpheresis residues with staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA) resulted in the production of almost only IFN-gamma (45K) [14].

Associations of Plateletpheresis with chemical compounds

• Citrate anticoagulants for plateletpheresis [15].
• Serum concentrations of DEHP were determined from peripheral blood obtained before and after plateletpheresis, with gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy [16].
• Donor exposure to the plasticizer di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate during plateletpheresis [16].
• In the subjects without symptoms the changes in Q-oTc, Pi, alkaline phosphatase, and glucose through the plateletpheresis procedure were different from changes in all subjects [2].
• ADP, collagen, and U46619 (a thromboxane-A2 analog)-induced PLT aggregation was investigated in basal (donor) and final (plateletpheresis unit) samples [17].

Gene context of Plateletpheresis

• Interleukin-2 (IL-2), purified to apparent homogeneity, enhanced interferon (IFN) production in phytohemagglutin (PHA)-stimulated cultures of Ficoll-Hypaque-purified human mononuclear cells derived from plateletpheresis residues [18].
• Over the next 7 days, four unirradiated HLA-matched plateletpheresis units were transfused; one was probably homozygous for both HLA-A and -B antigens (A2, -; B44, -) and was transfused first, and three were probably homozygous for an HLA-B antigen (A2, 29; B44, -) and were white cell reduced [19].
• RESULTS: Over the course of plateletpheresis, there was a significant increase in mean channel fluorescence intensity (MCFI) of CD62p, from 25.1 +/- 7.9 (mean +/- SD) to 50.4 +/- 28.9, and of CD63, from 22.3 +/- 6.5 to 33.3 +/- 13 [20].
• We found a significant increase in median plasma level of TNF-alpha following plateletpheresis (3.5 vs 26.5 pg/ml, P=0.02) [21].
• Single automated donor plateletpheresis increases the plasma level of proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha which does not associate with endothelial release markers von Willebrand factor and fibronectin [21].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Plateletpheresis

• Because DEHP can be extracted from apheresis disposables as the blood passes through the apheresis device, DEHP exposure was determined in healthy donors undergoing plateletpheresis performed with commercially available apheresis systems [16].
• In vitro and in vivo studies were done to evaluate efficacy of fresh, single donor platelets (SDP) obtained by Latham-bowl plateletpheresis and multiple donor, pooled platelets (MDPP) obtained by conventional centrifugation for transfusion of leukemic patients [22].
• BACKGROUND: Leukapheresis procedures are generally performed at citrate anticoagulation rates extrapolated from shorter plateletpheresis procedures [23].
• STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: The study reports measurement of ionized magnesium by the new ion-selective electrode technique in response to citrate infusion in 15 donors undergoing continuous flow high-yield plateletpheresis [24].
• CONCLUSION: Plateletpheresis using the AS TEC 204 cell separator with PAIP is a valid alternative to WBC reduction by filtration [25].

References