Disease relevance of Hernia, Inguinal

• The results confirm some previously described risk factors for male breast cancer and suggest that events elevating plasma prolactin (e.g., drugs, brain concussions, and skull fractures) and events predisposing for inguinal hernias may be new risk factors for the disease [1].
• Also sera from 183 infertile men 21 to 47 years old with a history of cryptorchidism and/or inguinal hernia operated on in childhood were similarly studied [2].
• Upturned nose was present in each examined member of the family, short stature and hoarseness in five of the siblings, DSS in four, OLD, inguinal hernia and congested episcleral veins in three, kyphoscoliosis in two, while epicanthus, strabismus, microphthalmos and widely spaced teeth were noted in the deceased female [3].
• Additional anomalies in some of the patients include intrauterine growth retardation, short stature, microcephaly, cardiac anomaly, ocular anomaly, hypospadias, inguinal hernia, and simian creases [4].
• The risk of testicular cancer was found to be raised for men with a history of cryptorchidism (RR based on comparison with all controls = 6.3; P less than 0.001), inguinal hernia (RR = 1.6; P = 0.14), mumps orchitis (RR = 12.7; P = 0.006), atopy (RR = 1.8; P = 0.03), and meningitis (RR = 3.0; P = 0.21) [5].

High impact information on Hernia, Inguinal

• Family reports of inguinal hernia, hydrocele, and possible bone anomalies in affected individuals suggest that individuals with TCF8 mutations should be examined for nonocular anomalies [6].
• Fibroblasts from the transversalis fascia of young patients with direct inguinal hernias show constitutive MMP-2 overexpression [7].
• The other had bilateral inguinal hernias and strabismus [8].
• METHODS: Fifty children aged 5-12 yr were prospectively randomized to receive either paravertebral nerve blockade or general anesthesia (sevoflurane-fentanyl-nitrous oxide-oxygen) combined with standardized postoperative systemic analgesia, both combined with light sevoflurane anesthesia, for inguinal hernia repair [9].
• METHOD: Men with a primary unilateral inguinal hernia were randomized to either Shouldice or TAPP operation [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Hernia, Inguinal

• METHODS: Patients scheduled for inguinal hernia repair were randomly given a caudal injection (0.75 ml/kg) of ropivacaine, 0.25% (R0.25 group); ropivacaine, 0.5% (R0.5 group); or bupivacaine, 0.25% (B0.25 group) [11].
• CONCLUSION: Ropivacaine is well tolerated and provides effective analgesia when given for caudal blockade in small children for inguinal hernia repair [11].
• This study compared the analgesic efficacy, adverse events, and the costs associated with supplementation of local anesthesia (infiltration of the wound) with either intravenous ketorolac or caudal analgesia in children having inguinal hernia repair [12].
• Preliminary experience with butyl-2-cyanoacrylate adhesive in tension-free inguinal hernia repair [13].
• Reducing pain after inguinal hernia repair in children: caudal anesthesia versus ketorolac tromethamine [12].

Biological context of Hernia, Inguinal

• METHODS: Continuous electrocardiogram and noninvasive blood pressure were recorded in 24 patients scheduled for elective inguinal hernia repair and randomly assigned to three groups: (1) no volume loading, (2) volume loading of 15 ml/kg lactated Ringer's solution, and (3) continuous infusion of etilefrine (an ephedrine-like drug) [14].
• Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of ropivacaine 2 mg/mL, 5 mg/mL, or 7.5 mg/mL after ilioinguinal blockade for inguinal hernia repair in adults [15].
• Female mice carrying a ubiquitin promoter-Insl3 transgene have descended ovaries and inguinal hernias but normal fertility [16].
• Postpartum thrombosis of varicose veins of the round ligament may present in a clinical picture similar to an irreducible inguinal hernia [17].
• Two brothers with very similar phenotypes involving trichiasis (misdirected lashes), entropion with corneal abrasions, strabismus, progressive thinning of the scalp hair, sensorineural hearing impairment, mild learning difficulties, and inguinal hernias are described [18].

Anatomical context of Hernia, Inguinal

• We summarize our experience with histologic examination of these specimens to establish benchmarks for the number of spermatic cord structures in inguinal hernia sacs from male children [19].
• OBJECTIVE: To report the case of a round ligament cyst which, as the result of gonadotropin stimulation for IVF, simulated an incarcerated inguinal hernia [20].
• They reported three patients with a syndrome characterized by short stature, microcephaly, global developmental delay, abnormalities of hands and feet, seizures, large anterior fontanelle, scrotal hypoplasia, micropenis, cryptorchism, urinary tract abnormalities, and inguinal hernia (Wiedemann syndrome) [21].
• In addition, Insl3 expression causes inguinal hernia in females, suggesting that a combination of estrogen and Insl3 action disrupts proper development of the muscular and connective tissue structures of the abdomen [16].
• Two Byzantine physicians, Aetius of Amida (6th century A.D.) and Paul of Aegina (7th century A.D.), described two techniques for confrontation of inguinal hernia, namely the surgical removal of the prolapsed peritoneum and the cauterization of the groin [22].

Gene context of Hernia, Inguinal

• Expression of the extracellular matrix proteins collagen I, collagen III and fibronectin and matrix metalloproteinase-1 and -13 in the skin of patients with inguinal hernia [23].
• Therefore, it can be expressed that a decreased activity of TIMP-2 plays a role in inguinal hernia development [24].
• Decreased TIMP-2 scores in patients with a direct inguinal hernia, compared with both the indirect inguinal hernia group and the control group, explain the reason for the increase in matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) that has been proposed in some studies [24].
• Mucin deposits within inguinal hernia sacs: a presenting finding of low-grade mucinous cystic tumors of the appendix. A report of two cases and a review of the literature [25].
• Fusion of childhood inguinal hernia induced by HGF and CGRP via an epithelial transition [26].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Hernia, Inguinal

• In 60 patients undergoing inguinal hernia repair, we compared the clinical profile of unilateral spinal anesthesia produced with either 8 mg of hyperbaric bupivacaine 0.5% (n = 20), 8 mg of hyperbaric levobupivacaine 0.5% (n = 20), or 12 mg of hyperbaric ropivacaine 0.5% (n = 20) [27].
• Fifty-three children (1-72 mo) scheduled for inguinal hernia repair were caudally injected with either S(+)-ketamine 1 mg/kg alone (Group K) or with additional clonidine (Group C1 = 1 microg/kg; Group C2 = 2 microg/kg) during sevoflurane anesthesia via a laryngeal mask [28].
• The use of day surgery gradually increased in some conditions (eg, termination of pregnancy, female sterilisation) but did not increase from a fairly low base for others (eg, inguinal hernia repair, operations on varicose veins and haemorrhoids) [29].
• The influence of a single dose of indomethacin on the surgical stress response was investigated in a double-blind study including 43 patients scheduled for elective operation of inguinal hernia [30].
• A microcomputer system for studying photo-plethysmography of the finger (PPF) was designed and applied to 50 non-premedicated healthy boys (one to ten years old) undergoing general anaesthesia (halothane in 70% N2O, with mechanical ventilation) for outpatient inguinal hernia repair [31].

References