Disease relevance of Hypertrichosis

• Side effects included anorexia, stomach pains, poor weight gain, hypertrichosis, gum hyperplasia, mild anaemia and elevated creatinine [1].
• The use of cyclosporine for immunosuppression in renal transplantation allograft recipients is associated with hypertrichosis, gingival hyperplasia, and hypercholesterolemia [2].
• Five women affected by androgenetic alopecia developed severe hypertrichosis of the face and limbs after 2-3 months of treatment with 5% topical minoxidil [3].
• Minoxidil, a potent peripheral vasodilator used orally for refractory hypertension, has produced hypertrichosis [4].
• Diffuse hypertrichosis in the course of hepatitis C treatment by IFN-alpha and ribavirin [5].

Psychiatry related information on Hypertrichosis

• Multiple exostoses, mental retardation, hypertrichosis, and brain abnormalities in a boy with a de novo 8q24 submicroscopic interstitial deletion [6].

High impact information on Hypertrichosis

• Hypertrichosis and verapamil [7].
• Zidovudine-associated hypertrichosis and nail pigmentation in an HIV-infected patient [8].
• The mechanism by which minoxidil, an adenosine-triphosphate-sensitive potassium channel opener, induces hypertrichosis remains to be elucidated [9].
• Minoxidil, a potent antihypertensive agent, induces generalized hypertrichosis when administered systemically, or localized hair regrowth when applied topically to sites of severe alopecia areata [10].
• Background: Congenital localized hypertrichosis in the periorbital region is an uncommon finding [11].

Chemical compound and disease context of Hypertrichosis

• When minoxidil is administered orally for periods in excess of 1 month, hypertrichosis occurs as a side effect in a majority of patients [12].
• Of these drugs, minoxidil, pinacidil, and diazoxide have been reported to elicit hypertrichosis in humans [13].
• Hypertrichosis is a common adverse effect of cyclosporin, minoxidil and diazoxide [14].
• Lack of a gonadal or adrenal androgenic mechanism for the hypertrichosis produced by diazoxide, phenytoin and minoxidil [15].
• Hypertrichosis induced by latanoprost [16].

Biological context of Hypertrichosis

• This paper describes our experience with tacrolimus conversion from cyclosporine-based therapy in six selected cases: four due to refractory acute rejections unresponsive to conventional therapy, one to chronic graft rejection, and one to cyclosporine-related hypertrichosis [17].
• Adverse effects of minoxidil included fluid retention (as assessed by edema and plasma volume studies), nonspecific ECG changes, hypertrichosis and conjunctival redness [18].

Anatomical context of Hypertrichosis

• IFN-alpha is known to induce telogen effluvium, but some cases of hypertrichosis of the eyelashes or eyebrows have been reported [5].
• In a 7-year-old girl and a 12-year-old boy, with photosensitivity and hypertrichosis, the diagnosis of familial porphyria cutanea tarda was confirmed by the characteristic pattern of urinary porphyrin excretion, diminished erythrocyte uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase and elevated plasma porphyrin index with emission maxima at 617-618 nm [19].
• A Mexican boy with congenital ACH associated with moderate mental retardation, abnormal EEG, mild microcephaly, hypertrichosis on the back, and hallux valgus is presented here [20].
• RESULTS: We confirmed the frequent findings of synophrys (99%), long lashes (99%), hypertrichosis of the brows (96%), ptosis (44%), epiphora (22%), nasolacrimal duct obstruction (16%), blepharitis (25%), and myopia (58%) [21].
• We describe a 14-year-old female with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) involving the skin, joints and central nervous system who developed hypertrichosis of the upper eyelashes [22].

Gene context of Hypertrichosis

• A novel mutation in SURF1 causes skipping of exon 8 in a patient with cytochrome c oxidase-deficient leigh syndrome and hypertrichosis [23].
• In this patient, the hypertrichosis is probably caused by IFN [5].
• Our patients also had mental deficiency, epilepsy, cherubism due to fibrous dysplasia of the maxillae, gingival fibromatosis, hypertrichosis, and stunted growth [24].
• Hypertrichosis in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) [22].
• There is a significant association of some cutaneous stigmata, most notably hypertrichosis, with midline posterior arch defects [25].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Hypertrichosis

• Ciclosporin-associated hypertrichosis is not related to sex hormone levels following renal transplantation [26].
• In the retrospective study on hand, we report on results of 30 female patients with hypertrichosis in the facial area treated with the long pulse alexandrite laser at 20 msec (Cynosure PhotoGenica LPIR/Apogee; 755 nm; 20 msec; up to 30 J/cm2; 10 or 12.5 mm beam diameter) over an 18 month treatment period [27].
• Generalized hypertrichosis after treatment with topical minoxidil [28].
• We present a case of extreme hypertrichosis in an eight-year-old male liver transplant recipient who received concurrent cyclosporine and minoxidil therapy [29].

References