Disease relevance of Flounder

• Flexibacter ovolyticus sp. nov., a pathogen of eggs and larvae of Atlantic halibut, Hippoglossus hippoglossus L [1].
• Two halibut Mx transcripts (2.2 kb and 2.6 kb) were strongly induced in vivo by the double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) poly I:C or infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) in all organs studied [2].
• In this study, we show that the DNA vaccine encoding the VHSV glycoprotein also induces early protection against a non-enveloped, positive-sense RNA virus belonging to the Nodavirus family, the Atlantic halibut nodavirus (AHNV) [3].
• Experimental bath challenge of juvenile and sub-adult Atlantic halibut with Vibrio anguillarum induced severe mortalities of 47 and 80%, respectively [4].
• Atlantic halibut, Hippoglossus hippoglossus (L.), was shown to be sensitive to infection by three different isolates of Aeromonas salmonicida ssp. achromogenes in pre-challenge tests using intraperitoneal (i.p.) and intramuscular (i.m.) injections as well as bath challenges [5].

High impact information on Flounder

• We report here that the amount of SAP from human, mouse, and plaice (Pleuronectes platessa L.) serum able to bind to agarose from different sources reflect precisely their pyruvate content [6].
• Moreover, an initial study with winter flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus) from Boston Harbor, MA, an area where high concentrations of sediment-associated chemicals are present, revealed a pattern of hepatic DNA-adducts (9.0 +/- 7.8 nmol of adducts/mol of nucleotides) similar to that observed for English sole from Eagle Harbor [7].
• The winter flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus) produces short, monomeric alpha-helical antifreeze proteins (type I AFP), which adsorb to and inhibit the growth of ice crystals [8].
• The highest mean IgE ELISA inhibition percent of 10 sera was obtained by Gad c 1, followed by The c 1, herring, Sal s 1, wolffish, halibut, flounder, tuna, and mackerel with the least inhibition [9].
• A cluster of three glutathione S-transferase genes, designated GSTA, GSTA1 and GSTA2, was isolated from the marine flatfish, plaice (Pleuronectes platessa) [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Flounder

• Body weight and the activities of pyruvate kinase, glucose-6-phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase in the liver of the American plaice, Hippoglossoides platessoides [11].
• Kidney stones from a plaice, Pleuronectes platessa, have been shown to consist of the sodium salt of orotic acid [12].

Biological context of Flounder

• Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequence of the plaice GST-A polypeptide with the primary structures of GSTs from other Phyla revealed that it showed the greatest similarity to plant, insect and mammalian Theta class GSTs [13].
• Here I describe a Tc1-like transposon (PPTN) from the genome of a marine flatfish species (Pleuronectes platessa) which bears conserved inverted repeats flanking an apparently intact transposase gene [14].
• The European flounder (Platichthys flesus) TP53 functions as a temperature-sensitive transcription factor which inhibits cell growth in yeast [15].
• Suppression subtractive hybridisation (SSH) was used to generate cDNA libraries representing genes differentially-expressed in liver from male plaice (Pleuronectes platessa) exposed to ethynyl oestradiol (EE2) [16].
• Temporal changes in gene expression in the liver of male plaice (Pleuronectes platessa) in response to exposure to ethynyl oestradiol analysed by macroarray and Real-Time PCR [16].

Anatomical context of Flounder

• Expression of GSTA mRNA was increased in plaice intestine and spleen by pretreatment with beta-naphthoflavone, and expression of both GSTA and GSTA1 mRNAs was increased in plaice liver and gill by pretreatment with the peroxisome proliferating agent perfluoro-octanoic acid [10].
• Metallothioneins isolated from the hepatopancreas of the edible crab (Cancer paqurus) and the plaice (Pleuronectes platessa) after cadmium injection are predominantly cadmium proteins containing only small amounts of zinc and traces of copper [17].
• Experiments performed on isolated intestinal segments from the marine teleost fish, the European flounder (Platichthys flesus), revealed that the intestinal epithelium is capable of secondary active HCO3(-) secretion in the order of 0.2-0.3 micromol x cm(-2) x h(-1) against apparent electrochemical gradient [18].
• Topography of different photoreceptor cell types in the larval retina of Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) [19].
• These results support earlier studies which indicated that 17,20 beta-P was the most likely maturation-inducing steroid (MIS) in plaice, and that the urine might be a vehicle for steroid pheromones synthesized by the gonads [20].

Associations of Flounder with chemical compounds

• A low-molecular-weight protein induced in the liver of the plaice (Pleuronectes platessa) by exposure to cadmium was purified and characterized [21].
• Structure and expression of a cluster of glutathione S-transferase genes from a marine fish, the plaice (Pleuronectes platessa) [10].
• Antisera to rat bilirubin/phenol UDPGT and testosterone/phenol UDPGT isoforms cross-reacted strongly with the partially purified plaice UDPGT isoforms of molecular masses 52, 53 and 57 kDa and less strongly with phenol UDPGT 54 kDa and 56 kDa isoforms [22].
• Multiplicity of UDP-glucuronosyltransferases in fish. Purification and characterization of a phenol UDP-glucuronosyltransferase from the liver of a marine teleost, Pleuronectes platessa [22].
• Halibut muscle 3-phosphoglycerate kinase. Chemical and physical properties of the enzyme and its substrate complexes [23].

Gene context of Flounder

• Phylogenetic analysis of fish and mammalian CYP1 family sequences indicates that the plaice CYP1B and mammalian CYP1B1 genes share a common ancestry [24].
• Winter flounder (Pleuronectes americanus) liver microsomes metabolized chlorzoxazone (CZX), a CYP2E1 (cytochrome P450 2E1)- specific substrate, to a single product, 6-OH CZX [25].
• Molecular modelling of a number of CYP1 family enzymes from rat, plaice and human is described based on amino acid sequence homology with the haemoprotein domain of CYP102, a unique bacterial P450 of known structure [26].
• No reduction is seen with plaice CYP1A, despite similar levels of P450 expression and enzyme activity (ethoxyresorufin O-deethylation) and no inhibition of growth is observed with yeast cells expressing higher levels of human CYP2D6 [27].
• Carbonic anhydrase in the gills of seawater- and freshwater-acclimated flounders Platichthys flesus: purification, characterization, and immunohistochemical localization [28].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Flounder

• Two full-length cDNAs encoding the genetic distinct CYP19A and CYP19B isozymes were isolated from Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) by RT-PCR of ovarian and brain RNA, respectively [29].
• Molecular cloning and characterization of five opsin genes from the marine flatfish Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) [30].
• Skin tests with raw and cooked plaice, salmon, hake, and tuna in patient 1 and anchovy, sardine, trout, salmon, Atlantic pomfret, and sole in patient 2 were positive [31].
• In this study, we detect the presence of C3 in halibut larvae from the age of 37 degrees d post hatching until 1050 degrees d (i.e. 5-99 d post hatching) using immunohistochemistry with specific antibodies produced against the beta-chain of halibut C3 [32].
• Isolation, characterization, and radioimmunoassay of Atlantic halibut somatolactin and plasma levels during stress and reproduction in flatfish [33].

References