Disease relevance of Dermoid Cyst

• Gorlin syndrome associated with midline nasal dermoid cyst [1].
• A total of 37 cases of ovarian primary squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)-19 associated with a dermoid cyst (SCCD), seven associated with endometriosis (SCCE), and 11 pure (SCCP)-are described [2].
• Posterior fossa squamous cell carcinoma due to dedifferentiation of a dermoid cyst in Klippel-Feil syndrome case illustration [3].
• Nasal midline masses in infants and children. Dermoids, encephaloceles, and gliomas [4].
• Intracranial midline dermoid and epidermoid cysts in children [5].

High impact information on Dermoid Cyst

• Untreated aging VDR(-/-) mice did not exhibit tumor formation, but did develop a progressive skin phenotype characterized by thickened wrinkled skin, dermoid cysts and long curly nails [6].
• We found high levels expression of ERV3 env mRNA in human sebaceous glands in normal skin and dermoid cysts of the ovary [7].
• Posterior fossa dermoid cysts and the Klippel-Feil syndrome [8].
• Christopher's Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, showed that 37% of the dermoids in the body occurred in the orbital and peri-orbital areas [9].
• Free keratin and dermoid cyst of the iris [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Dermoid Cyst

• The mean +/- SEM adhesion score in standardized injured rats was higher in the dermoid group (4.6 +/- 0.6) than in the pirfenidone group (2.8 +/- 0.7) or the saline group (3.8 +/- 0.5) [11].
• A rare small cell carcinoma with neurosecretory granules arising in an ovarian dermoid cyst with 7 years survival after conservative surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy with cisplatin, adriamycin, and cyclophosphamide is described [12].
• Osseous changes in a cholesterol granuloma is better seen in CT scan, although MR imaging offers better differentiation from epidermoid or dermoid cysts and other subperiosteal process, as well as lacrimal fossa lesions [13].
• A case of virilizing ovarian dermoid cyst with peripheral steroid cells and virilization is reported in a 62-year-old woman [14].
• Antheraxanthin was isolated in all tissue except for normal ovarian tissue, serous malignant and mucinous benign and malignant tumours, endometrioid malignant tumours, dermoid cysts, corpus luteum cysts and simple cysts [15].

Biological context of Dermoid Cyst

• We describe the histology and ultrastructure of a dermoid cyst in a patient with situs inversus and discuss the relationship of keratin and aseptic meningitis, a well-known complication [16].
• CONCLUSION: The rare coincidence of a dermoid cyst and Klippel-Feil syndrome suggests the possibility that a disturbance in the mesoderm before the fourth week of gestation might play an important part in the causation of dermoid cyst [17].

Anatomical context of Dermoid Cyst

• We report on a child with severe midline facial cleft, bilateral cleft lip and palate, telecanthus, S-shaped palpebral fissures, limbic dermoid, midface hypoplasia, hypoplastic corpus callosum, and multiple skin appendages [18].
• Thus, both groups were born to diabetic mothers and had hemifacial microsomia (67%), microtia (52%), hearing loss (43%), epibulbar dermoids (24%), and fused cervical vertebrae (24%) [19].
• CLINICAL PRESENTATION: A case of an intradural extramedullary dermoid cyst located anterior to the spinal cord and a syringomyelic cavity at the level of block vertebrae in a 43-year-old woman with Klippel-Feil syndrome is presented [20].
• In 1952, Goldenhar described a pair of monozygotic twins who were discordant for epibulbar dermoids, auricular appendages, malformations of the auricle, and hemifacial microsomia [21].
• Of the tumors with peripheral lutein cells, 11 were monodermal teratomas, including eight examples of struma ovarii, two strumal carcinoids, and one trabecular carcinoid; the other three tumors in this group were a dermoid cyst, a dysgerminoma containing syncytiotrophoblast cells, and a metastatic carcinoid [22].

Gene context of Dermoid Cyst

• Mutation in PITX2 is associated with ring dermoid of the cornea [23].
• We noted that high levels of SHH appear almost regularly, especially in dermoids, usually accompanied by increased expression of SMO [24].
• Analysis of the PTCH1 signaling pathway in ovarian dermoids [25].
• Thus, the skin, skin appendages, and other epithelial components of dermoid cysts showed prekeratin; mesenchymal components showed vimentin (but smooth muscle cells, desmin), and glial-like areas showed glial fibrillary acidic protein [26].
• CONCLUSION: These results suggested that the serum SCC might be a useful marker for detecting squamous cell carcinoma arising in a dermoid cyst, and that the mutation of p53 might be one of the genetic events in the malignant transformation of a dermoid cyst [27].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Dermoid Cyst

• Early diagnosis to prevent complications like neural compression, cyst rupture and staphylococcal meningitis justifies investigation for posterior fossa dermoids in cases of Klippel-Feil syndrome [28].

References