Disease relevance of DIFLUBENZURON

• Environmental concentrations and aquatic toxicity data on diflubenzuron (dimilin) [1].
• Inhibition of melanogenesis in B16-F1 melanoma cells after exposure to diflubenzuron [2].
• Role of metabolism in effects of diflubenzuron on growth of B16 melanomas in mice [3].
• Mutagenicity tests of diflubenzuron in the micronucleus test in mice, the L5178Y mouse lymphoma forward mutation assay, and the Ames Salmonella reverse mutation test [4].
• Diflubenzuron, one of a new class of pesticides believed to act via inhibition of chitin synthesis in the developing insect cuticle, was tested for possible mutagenic activity using the micronucleus test in mice, the L5178Y mouse lymphoma forward mutation test at the thymidine kinase locus, and the Ames Salmonella/microsome reverse mutation test [4].

High impact information on DIFLUBENZURON

• P4501B1 induction was blocked in AKR1A1 transfectants by the AKR1A1 inhibitor (sulfonylnitromethane), the o-quinone scavenger (N-acetyl-l-cysteine), or the cytosolic AhR antagonist (diflubenzuron) [5].
• Effects of diflubenzuron and clanfenur on mouse bone marrow cells [6].
• New analogs of diflubenzuron, a benzoylphenyl urea, are tested on their in vitro cytostatic activity against B16 melanoma cells [7].
• Persistence of the insecticide Dimilin 45 ODC on conifer forest foliage in an Atlantic-climate ecosystem [8].
• Diflubenzuron, a benzoyl-urea insecticide, is a potent inhibitor of TCDD-induced CYP1A1 expression in HepG2 cells [9].

Chemical compound and disease context of DIFLUBENZURON

• Exceptions were the toxicity of diflubenzuron to A. sardeus (moderately toxic: 1<LC50<10 mg/L), and that of fenitrothion (moderately toxic) and malathion (slightly toxic: 10<EC50<100 mg/L) to S. sudanicus [10].
• The efficacy of Maldison, an organophosphate traditionally used to control midge larvae in New Zealand WSPs, was compared to Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (Bti), Methoprene, Pyriproxyfen and Diflubenzuron which are all more specific to insects and have fewer adverse environmental effects [11].
• Acute toxicity of temephos, fenoxycarb, diflubenzuron, and methoprene and bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis to the mummichog (Fundulus heteroclitus) [12].
• The Bacillus thuringiensis-based insecticides, DiPel (100 Million International Units/100 liters) and MVP (250 ml/100 liters), summer oil (0.5-1.0 liter/100 liters), the insect growth regulator (IGR) diflubenzuron (3-12 g/100 liters), and organophosphate Phosmet (6-60 g/100 liters) were generally harmless (P > 0.05) to these spider species [13].

Biological context of DIFLUBENZURON

• Determination of the pesticides diflubenzuron and clofentezine in plums, strawberries and blackcurrant-based fruit drinks by high performance liquid chromatographic/atmospheric pressure chemical ionization-mass spectrometry [14].
• Effects of diflubenzuron (Dimilin) on survival, molting, and behavior of juvenile fiddler crabs, Uca pugilator [15].
• beta-ecdysone levels in pharate pupae of the stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans and interaction with the chitin inhibitor diflubenzuron [16].
• Diflubenzuron stimulates phosphorylation of a 39 kDa integumental protein from newly molted American cockroach (Periplaneta americana) [17].
• A competitive binding assay with [3H]-glibenclamide and unlabeled diflubenzuron clearly established that the latter is capable of competitively displacing the former radioligand [18].

Anatomical context of DIFLUBENZURON

• In vitro cytotoxic and cell transforming activities exerted by the pesticides cyanazine, dithianon, diflubenzuron, procymidone, and vinclozolin on BALB/c 3T3 cells [19].
• Significantly increased AqCHS1 mRNA level associated with decreased chitin synthesis may imply possible inhibition of chitin synthase, or abnormal chitin synthase translocation or chitin microfibril assembly conferred by diflubenzuron [20].
• Except for cypermethrin and diflubenzuron, all these chemicals exerted a cytotoxic effect in hepatocytes and HaCaT, but not in HepG2 cells [21].
• Insect growth regulators: development of house flies in feces of bovines fed TH 6040 in mineral blocks and reduction in field populations by surface treatments with TH 6040 or a mixture of stirofos and dichlorvoa at larval breeding areas [22].

Associations of DIFLUBENZURON with other chemical compounds

• Cytotoxic and cell transforming activities of the pesticides cyanazine, diflubenzuron, dithianon, procymidone, and vinclozolin were investigated in vitro by utilizing the BALB/c 3T3 cell transformation test performed in the presence or in the absence of S-9 mix as an exogenous bioactivation system for the chemicals [19].
• The potential of insect growth regulators (methoprene, hydroprene, fenoxycarb, diflubenzuron and triflumuron) to control populations of the North American house-dust mite Dermatophagoides farinae (Hughes) was assessed in laboratory bioassays [23].
• Two strains of Cydia pomonella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) were selected in the lab by exposure to increasing concentrations of diflubenzuron (Rdfb strain) or azinphos-methyl (Raz strain) [24].
• No cross-resistance to diflubenzuron was found in diazinon-resistant field populations of L. cuprina in laboratory bioassays [25].
• The KD values observed for vesicles prepared from fruit fly larvae, Drosophila melanogaster M., were 44.9 nM for glibenclamide and 65.0 nM for diflubenzuron, respectively [18].

Gene context of DIFLUBENZURON

• Lung was the most responsive tissue to induction by lower diflubenzuron dose, as exemplified by the marked increase of testosterone 7alpha-hydroxylation (CYP2A) (up to 13-fold) in males [26].
• Significance of the sulfonylurea receptor (SUR) as the target of diflubenzuron in chitin synthesis inhibition in Drosophila melanogaster and Blattella germanica [18].
• CYP superfamily perturbation by diflubenzuron or acephate in different tissues of CD1 mice [26].
• Addition of 100 ppm DEF to the diet increased both the retention time and the toxicity of diflubenzuron in both T. castaneum and S. littoralis, which was due probably to the inhibition of diflubenzuron hydrolase activity [27].
• OMS 2017 and DFB had no effect on either the amount of blood ingested or the microfilarial load [28].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of DIFLUBENZURON

• Determination of diflubenzuron in apples by gas chromatography [29].
• The insect growth regulator diflubenzuron was used as a reference in the bioassay with P.anchorago [30].
• Residue determination of Thompson-Hayward 6040 in bovine manure by high performance liquid chromatography [31].
• As confirmed by real-time quantitative PCR, AqCHS1 mRNA level was enhanced by 2-fold in the larvae exposed to diflubenzuron at 500mug/L for 24h [20].
• Examination of cells incubated with diflubenzuron by scanning electron microscopy revealed distinct external morphological changes [32].

References