Disease relevance of Olfactory Nerve

• In contrast, the nT is a small substance P or GnRH immunoreactive fibre bundle which originates from a ganglion located rostral to the olfactory epithelium, courses caudally with the olfactory nerve and terminates as glomeruli in the olfactory bulb [1].

High impact information on Olfactory Nerve

• The influence of other cells in the primary olfactory pathway such as the sustentacular cells in the olfactory epithelium, the Schwann cells in the olfactory nerve, and the astrocytes in the olfactory nerve layer in the olfactory bulb on the physiological activity of the olfactory receptor neuron is an emerging area of research interests [2].
• Counts of microtubules showing luminal material were obtained for axons in the proximal and distal ends of the olfactory nerve, and it was found that 16-18% more of the microtubules in the distal regions showed the luminal component [3].
• Pieces of olfactory nerve of the bullfrog were extracted in a tubulin assembly buffer medium containing detergents [4].
• Those embryos lacking an olfactory nerve had a histologically abnormal bulb which nevertheless expressed the KAL gene at high levels [5].
• Rodent inhalation studies have shown that manganese deposited within the nose can undergo direct transport to the brain along the olfactory nerve [6].

Biological context of Olfactory Nerve

• Axoplasmic transport of free 3H-leucine has been studied in vivo in the pike olfactory nerve following application of labeled leucine to the olfactory mucosa [7].
• Although tenascin-C expression was absent during embryonic development, olfactory nerve fascicles contained tenascin-C-immunoreactivity (IR) during the larval stage [8].

Anatomical context of Olfactory Nerve

• Action potential-generating properties of olfactory receptor neurons in the olfactory epithelium of the salamander, Ambystoma tigrinum, were studied in control animals, and 2 and 4 weeks after olfactory nerve transection [9].
• Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons originate in the nasal compartment, migrate along olfactory nerves to the cribriform plate and then diverge caudally to the forebrain to reach their final destination in the hypothalamus [10].
• Cadherin-2 is expressed in the olfactory epithelium, olfactory nerve, and olfactory bulb of the embryonic and larval zebrafish, and its expression is reduced in the adult olfactory system [11].
• Between stages 28 and 34 single- and double-labeled NPY and GnRH neurons were found side by side along the GnRH migratory route emanating from the nasal epithelium, along the olfactory nerve, and into the ventral forebrain [12].
• Some GABA-positive fibers are present in the olfactory nerve (after E5) and in the optic nerve (after E9.5); their immunoreactivity persists throughout the period investigated [13].

Associations of Olfactory Nerve with chemical compounds

• To obtain OERPs, stimulants were chosen to stimulate specifically the olfactory nerve (2.1 ppm vanillin, 0.8 ppm H2S) [14].
• 10. 14C-labelled ouabain was found to bind to the garfish olfactory nerve with an equilibrium dissociation constant of about 0.5 muM [15].
• Post-tetanic hyperpolarization, sodium-potassium-activated adenosine triphosphatase and high energy phosphate levels in garfish olfactory nerve [16].
• The former may reflect diffuse olfactory nerve inputs to the dendritic tufts in the olfactory glomeruli, while tha latter may reflect input from discrete bundles of fibres [17].
• These results strongly support the notion that glutamate is the neurotransmitter at the olfactory nerve to mitral/tufted cell synapse [18].

Gene context of Olfactory Nerve

• Olfactory nerve fascicles in the lamina propia were heterogenously labeled: VIM 13.2 gave very weak labeling; aVimAS showed mild labeling and SBV-21 showed intensive labeling in the nerve fascicle [19].
• Olfactory marker protein antiserum labeled the olfactory nerve layer and glomeruli [20].
• In some cases, with less severe neocortical pathology, the terminal arborizations of olfactory nerve appear hyperplastic and are associated with focal accumulations of A-4 (beta-amyloid) immunoreactivity that are not detectable by standard amyloid stains [21].
• Olfactory nerves were distinguished from other axons because the latter were positive for all three NF subunits and peripherin, in addition to vimentin and GAP-43 [22].
• CRBP I and CRABP I localisation during olfactory nerve development [23].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Olfactory Nerve

• Previously, we have shown that the O4 antibody can be used to define and purify olfactory nerve ensheathing cells (ONECs) from the rat olfactory bulb by fluorescence-activated cell sorting [24].
• We evaluated the degree of precision of olfactory bulb glomerular innervation from the olfactory nerve layer (ONL) by making small cuts across the trajectory of the olfactory nerve fibers and assessing the resulting denervation by wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase (WGA-HRP) labeling of primary nerve fibers [25].
• The (Na+ + K+)-ATPase of garfish olfactory nerve axon plasma membrane was purified about sixfold by treatment of the membrane with sodium dodecyl sulfate followed by sucrose density gradient centrifugation [26].
• Ablation experiments, immunocytochemistry and diI implants all suggest that LHRH neurons migrate in association with a very small subset of transient N-CAM enriched neuronal processes which extend out of the olfactory nerve proper to the septal-preoptic area [27].
• Axotomy of olfactory nerves induced the disappearance of the olfactory receptor cells with NSE immunoreactivity 3 days after the operation [28].

References