Disease relevance of URANYL NITRATE

• The mechanism of acute renal failure after uranyl nitrate [1].
• Administration of 25 mg/kg uranyl nitrate (UN) to rats leads to a brief period of polyuria followed by progressive oliguria with death at 5 days [1].
• Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor was used in dogs with uranyl nitrate-induced acute renal failure to evaluate (1) a possible protective effect of angiotensin blockade and (2)the role of angiotensin II in the generation of renal failure in this model [2].
• Renal impairment was induced (uranyl nitrate, 1 mg/kg of body weight) in rats to simulate the human pharmacokinetic parameters for the beta-lactams studied [3].
• The influence of age on acute renal toxicity of uranyl nitrate in the dog [4].

High impact information on URANYL NITRATE

• Glomerular endothelial cells in uranyl nitrate-induced acute renal failure in rats [5].
• The epileptogenic activity of imipenem was investigated in rats with experimental renal failure induced by uranyl nitrate injection by using electroencephalogram (EEG) recording and a pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model including an effect compartment [6].
• Their binding sites on TAR RNA were assigned by RNase A, uranyl nitrate, and lead acetate footprinting [7].
• Renal impairment was produced by administration of uranyl nitrate to prolong the amoxicillin half-life in the mice from 21 to 65 min, simulating human pharmacokinetics [8].
• Intrarenal renin, angiotensin II, and plasma renin in rats with uranyl nitrate-induced and glycerol-induced acute renal failure [9].

Chemical compound and disease context of URANYL NITRATE

• The protective effects of a combination of dopamine and furosemide were studied in dogs during the initial phase of acute renal failure (ARF) induced by intravenous uranyl nitrate (10 mg/kg) [10].
• Effect of dithiothreitol on mercuric chloride- and uranyl nitrate-induced acute renal failure in the rat [11].
• To simulate the pharmacokinetic profile of cefprozil in children, the renal function of mice was impaired with uranyl nitrate, and a commercially available cefprozil suspension (6 mg/kg of body weight) was administered orally every 12 h [12].
• Previous in vivo studies have shown that the presystemic clearance of p.o.-administered levo-isomer of propranolol is inhibited in rats with uranyl nitrate-induced acute renal failure [13].
• Two etiologically different models of experimental acute renal failure were induced in rats by administration of either glycerol or uranyl nitrate [14].

Biological context of URANYL NITRATE

• Pharmacokinetics of a new carbapenem, DA-1131, after intravenous administration to rats with uranyl nitrate-induced acute renal failure [15].
• In the first group of nine studies using a 10 mg/kg dose of uranyl nitrate, nephron glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was reduced 37% while total kidney GFR averaged less than 1% of normal [16].
• In the first series of 28 experiments, total renal blood flow was determined with the radioactive microsphere method before and after uranyl nitrate administration, 10 mg/kg [16].
• We have examined the acute renal failure that occurs after uranyl nitrate administration in the rat and the specific effects of pretreatment of rats with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (CEI), plasma volume expansion (PVE) after uranyl nitrate, and a combination of these treatments [17].
• All of these findings suggest that uranyl nitrate potentiated the contractions of the diaphragm of the mouse, possibly through the activation of stimulus-activated repetitive discharges which resulted in the repetitive end-plate potentials and muscle action potentials [18].

Anatomical context of URANYL NITRATE

• Adult female Lewis rats were given injections of either 2 or 5 mg/kg of uranyl nitrate (saline for controls) or had both ureters ligated (sham operation for controls) to provide different experimental models of renal dysfunction [19].
• H+-coupled Gly-Sar uptake was reduced in renal brush-border vesicles from uranyl nitrate-treated rats compared to control rats [20].
• These results suggest that uranyl nitrate-induced ARF caused alterations in the transport properties of renal brush border membranes and that these transport dysfunctions were not due to the direct effect of uranyl nitrate, but could be secondarily induced after the impairment of the integrity for tubular cells [21].
• Ethanol concentrations at onset of loss of righting reflex in cerebrospinal fluid, serum and brain of rats with severe renal dysfunction (5 mg/kg of uranyl nitrate-treated and ureterligated groups) were slightly but statistically significantly lower than in normal controls [19].
• To investigate the toxic effects of environmental DU exposure on the immune system, we examined the influences of DU (in the form of uranyl nitrate) on viability and immune function as well as cytokine gene expression in murine peritoneal macrophages and splenic CD4+ T cells [22].

Associations of URANYL NITRATE with other chemical compounds

• These studies were undertaken to derive a lowest-observed-adverse-effect level (LOAEL) in the New Zealand White rabbit following a 91-day exposure to uranium (U, as uranyl nitrate hexahydrate, UN) in drinking water [23].
• We report theoretical studies on the complexation of uranyl nitrate and the dissolution of nitric acid in supercritical CO2 by TBP [24].
• Small-angle X-ray or neutron scattering results, modeled jointly on the absolute scale, demonstrate the influence of unrecognized lithium nitrate (LiNO3) as well as specifically recognized uranyl nitrate [UO2(NO3)2] salts on micellar structure and phase boundaries [25].
• Ethane 1-hydroxy-1, 1-diphosphonate (EHDP) counteracts the inhibitory effect of uranyl nitrate on bone formation [26].
• Thus, glycerol ARF fails to alter Th neurotoxicity, an effect similar to that noted previously with uranyl nitrate but not with ureter ligation [27].

Gene context of URANYL NITRATE

• It has been reported from our laboratories that expression of CYP2E1 significantly increased and decreased in rats with acute renal failure induced by uranyl nitrate (U-ARF) treated with recombinant human growth hormone (rGH) for one day (U-ARF1) compared with those in control rats and rats with U-ARF, respectively [28].
• A protective effect of similar magnitude was observed whether angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor treatment preceded, or shortly followed, the administration of uranyl nitrate [2].
• Relationship between severity of renal damage and erythropoietin production in uranyl nitrate-induced acute renal failure [29].
• Electrophysiological studies on the effects of uranyl nitrate on the diaphragm in the mouse have revealed that the frequency of miniature end-plate potentials (MEPP) but not the amplitude was increased; the amplitude and quantal content of end-plate potential (EPPs) were also markedly increased by uranyl nitrate [18].
• Effect of the TBP and water on the complexation of uranyl nitrate and the dissolution of nitric acid into supercritical CO2. A Theoretical Study [24].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of URANYL NITRATE

• METHODS: Acute tubular necrosis induced in mice by single intravenous injection of uranyl nitrate and examined after 1, 3, 7, and 14 days [30].
• Adult female rats were subjected to bilateral ureteral ligation or injected with uranyl nitrate to produce renal failure or dysfunction [31].
• ARF was induced by the subcutaneous injection of uranyl nitrate to rats [32].
• The sequential changes in renal morphology that occurred for 5 subsequent days after a subcutaneous injection of uranyl nitrate (10 mg. per kg.) were examined in saline- and water-drinking rats using light microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy [33].
• At concentrations greater than 0.8 mM, uranyl nitrate also directly enhanced the contractions induced by electrical stimulation of muscle [18].

References