Disease relevance of halothane

• Arterial PCO2 was altered between 17 and 51 mm Hg by varying inspired CO2 during constant-volume ventilation, first during control conditions of light halothane/nitrous oxide anaesthesia and then during hypotension to mean blood pressure of 36-37 mm Hg [1].
• A cumulative dose-response curve for d-tubocurarine based on body weight was determined for 44 infants and children 1 day to 7 years of age during halothane, nitrous oxide and oxygen anesthesia [2].
• An 18-month-old boy with congenital muscular dystrophy began to develop clear signs of the malignant hyperthermia syndrome after 85 min of halothane/nitrous oxide anaesthesia [3].
• In contrast, halothane-nitrous oxide anesthesia induced acidosis of respiratory origin, through a significant depression in respiratory rate [4].
• The general anaesthesias used were halothane-nitrous oxide-oxygen anaesthesia with spontaneous respiration (Ha), relaxant-dominated combined anaesthesia (Re), analgesic-dominated combined anaesthesia (An), and analgesic-dominated combined anaesthesia with hyperventilation (Hy) [5].

High impact information on halothane

• METHODS: Food-deprived male Sprague-Dawley (n = 14) and Wistar (n = 10) rats anesthetized with halothane/nitrous oxide underwent a small craniotomy to expose the right distal middle cerebral artery just above the rhinal fissure [6].
• Cortical field potentials evoked by CO(2)-laser stimulation of the skin were recorded in the halothane/nitrous oxide anaesthetized rat [7].
• On day 100 of gestation (term = day 184), baboons were anesthetized with halothane/nitrous oxide, the fetus was exteriorized, and a cannula was inserted into a fetal carotid artery [8].
• 6. Propranolol (0.1 mg I.P.) or saline was administered (under halothane-nitrous oxide anaesthesia) to fetuses of litters of various GA from 55 days to term [9].
• We recorded femoral arterial pressures and electrocardiograms in adult MAO-A/B-deficient mice during halothane-nitrous oxide anesthesia as well as 30 min postoperatively [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of halothane

• In dogs the effects of nitrous oxide were evaluated during normotension (NT, intravenous [IV] piritramid, nitrogen/oxygen; and NT/N2O, IV piritramid, nitrous oxide/oxygen) and during hypotension (MAP 60 mm Hg) (HT, IV piritramid, halothane, nitrogen/oxygen; and HT/N2O, IV piritramid, halothane, nitrous oxide/oxygen) [11].
• Haemodynamic changes during sodium nitroprusside induced hypotension and halothane/nitrous oxide anaesthesia [12].
• The degree of respiratory acidosis with sevoflurane-nitrous oxide anaesthesia was similar to that with isoflurane-nitrous oxide and was less than that with halothane-nitrous oxide [13].

Biological context of halothane

• Study drugs were administered intravenously after inhalation induction of anesthesia with halothane, nitrous oxide, and oxygen [14].
• The results implicate reduced body temperature and activation of central heat production pathways as major factors in PAS and suggest that halothane-nitrous oxide anesthesia per se, elevation of the thermal set-point, and surgical procedures are not essential to the shivering phenomenon [15].
• Chronic exposure to low concentrations of halothane-nitrous oxide: reproductive and cytogenetic effects in the rat [16].
• The inhalational anesthetics, halothane, nitrous oxide, and cyclopropane, markedly enhance t-bu-OOH-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction and thromboxane production [17].
• Myocardial blood flow and oxygen consumption during halothane-nitrous oxide anaesthesia for coronary revascularization [18].

Anatomical context of halothane

• General anesthesia was induced by a mask using halothane, nitrous oxide, and oxygen, and the trachea was intubated [19].
• This study examines the effect of the anesthetic agents alpha-chloralose, halothane, nitrous oxide and isoflurane on the initiation of cortical SD in the cat neocortex [20].
• In rabbits decerebrated and spinalised under halothane/nitrous oxide anaesthesia, the selective alpha(2)-adrenoceptor agonist dexmedetomidine (3-30 microg intrathecal) induced significant decreases in short- and long-latency reflex responses evoked in medial gastrocnemius (MG) motoneurones by stimulation of the sural nerve [21].
• To examine the latter hypothesis, single units with ascending axons (projecting units) were recorded in the cat rostral rhombencephalon in acute experiments conducted under halothane-nitrous oxide anesthesia [22].
• 1. The organization of the nociceptive hindlimb withdrawal reflexes was investigated in 93 halothane/nitrous oxide anesthetized rats [23].

Associations of halothane with other chemical compounds

• Baroreceptor reflexes and pulmonary hemodynamics during halothane and halothane-nitrous oxide anesthesia in the dog [24].
• Anaesthesia comprised morphine and atropine premedication and a halothane, nitrous oxide and oxygen spontaneous breathing technique [25].
• Sevoflurane-nitrous oxide or halothane-nitrous oxide for paediatric bronchoscopy and gastroscopy [26].
• In man under halothane-nitrous oxide-oxygen anaesthesia, suxamethonium-induced neuromuscular block can be divided into two phases using the train-of-four ratio: the first phase of minimal train-of-four fade and the second phase of marked train-of-four fade [27].
• Sprague--Dawley rats (n=29) were anesthetized with halothane/nitrous oxide and received 2-h middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) by poly-L-lysine-coated intraluminal suture [28].

Gene context of halothane

• Thirty minutes after the establishment of stable halothane-nitrous oxide anesthesia, mean arterial pressure decreased to 85 +/- 1 torr and plasma renin activity increased to 4.4 +/- 0.1 ng/ml/hr [29].
• Eight healthy children (five to 14 years old) undergoing strabismus surgery under halothane-nitrous oxide anaesthesia with spontaneous ventilation were studied [30].
• Serum gastrin and blood glucose levels during halothane-nitrous oxide anaesthesia and strabismus surgery in children [31].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of halothane

• METHODS: In rats anesthetized with halothane, nitrous oxide, and oxygen, tracheotomy was performed and the lungs were mechanically ventilated [32].
• Thirty patients were anesthestized with halothane-nitrous oxide for total hip arthroplasty and randomly assigned to one of three groups [33].
• Group 1 patients (n = 7) received a single intravenous injection of trimethaphan, 0.5 mg X kg-1, while awake and again during stable halothane-nitrous oxide anesthesia [34].
• Duration of EEG suppression was compared to three groups of patients undergoing hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) at 25-30 degrees C under halothane-nitrous oxide anesthesia [35].
• Two hundred and eight healthy children who were to undergo minor elective surgery during halothane, nitrous oxide, oxygen anaesthesia were studied in a double blind investigation to evaluate the sedative and anticholinergic effects of two rectal premedications [36].

References