Disease relevance of Cardiopulmonary Bypass

• Partial venovenous cardiopulmonary bypass with a membrane oxygenator was used to exchange respiratory gases during and after bilateral lung lavage in a patient with severe hypoxemia caused by pulmonary alveolar proteinosis [1].
• After an initial course of chemotherapy, the primary tumor was excised and, using cardiopulmonary bypass, the tumor thrombus was removed from the inferior vena cava and hepatic veins [2].
• Antibodies to platelet factor 4-heparin after cardiopulmonary bypass in patients anticoagulated with unfractionated heparin or a low-molecular-weight heparin : clinical implications for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia [3].
• Five patients received AVP intraoperatively immediately after cardiopulmonary bypass, 5 in the intensive care unit within 12 hours of surgery, and 1 on postoperative day 2 for hypotension associated with sepsis [4].
• In patients with a period of ischemia longer than 30 minutes (group 2), reperfusion induced a marked and sustained release of lactate, GSH, and GSSG; the arteriocoronary sinus difference for GSSG was still negative after the end of cardiopulmonary bypass [5].

Psychiatry related information on Cardiopulmonary Bypass

• Implications: The diminished activated clotting time response to heparin, in patients receiving preoperative heparin therapy, poses difficulties when attempting to provide adequate anticoagulation for cardiopulmonary bypass [6].

High impact information on Cardiopulmonary Bypass

• During and after cardiopulmonary bypass, serum triiodothyronine concentrations decline transiently, which may contribute to postoperative hemodynamic dysfunction [7].
• In a double-blind, prospective, randomized trial, we studied the effect of intraoperative desmopressin acetate in 70 patients undergoing various cardiac operations requiring cardiopulmonary bypass [8].
• Complement activation during cardiopulmonary bypass: evidence for generation of C3a and C5a anaphylatoxins [9].
• Furthermore, these data identify the C5 component as a site for therapeutic intervention in cardiopulmonary bypass [10].
• To investigate whether or not PGI2 affects vascular capacity, we infused PGI2 intraarterially at both 10 and 25 micrograms/min into 15 dogs on total cardiopulmonary bypass [11].

Chemical compound and disease context of Cardiopulmonary Bypass

• CONCLUSIONS: In addition to enhancing the heart's tolerance to ischemia, adenosine-supplemented cardioplegic solution also may reduce bleeding after cardiopulmonary bypass [12].
• Certain risk factors which might lead to the development of ARF following open heart operations have been identified: age greater than 70 years; elevated pre-operative serum creatinine; low blood pressure during cardiopulmonary bypass; rate of haemolysis; a postoperative critical circulation [13].
• A pilot study indicating that bradykinin B2 receptor antagonism attenuates protamine-related hypotension after cardiopulmonary bypass [14].
• The effects of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) with hypothermia and systemic heparinization on ceftriaxone disposition were evaluated in seven male patients [15].
• Influence of L-carnitine and its derivatives on myocardial metabolism and function in ischemic heart disease and during cardiopulmonary bypass [16].

Biological context of Cardiopulmonary Bypass

• PGI2 in combination with low-dose heparin provides adequate anticoagulation during cardiopulmonary bypass in dogs, preserves platelet number and function and is associated with minimal postoperative bleeding [17].
• Effects on coagulation and fibrinolysis with reduced versus full systemic heparinization and heparin-coated cardiopulmonary bypass [18].
• BACKGROUND: Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) induces platelet activation with release of platelet factor 4 (PF4), and patients are exposed to high doses of heparin (H) [3].
• We conclude that the beneficial effect of desmopressin on hemostasis following cardiopulmonary bypass cannot be attributed to a drug-induced change in HMWM distribution but may be related to an increase in overall vWF concentration [19].
• Studies were, therefore, undertaken with one such drug, propofol, for which plasma binding was changed during cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass [20].

Anatomical context of Cardiopulmonary Bypass

• Intraoperative fluorescein angiography of the retina may prove valuable for investigation of cerebrovascular microembolism in the territory of the internal carotid artery during cardiopulmonary bypass in man [21].
• Pharmacology and biological efficacy of a recombinant, humanized, single-chain antibody C5 complement inhibitor in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass [22].
• Induction of interleukin-8 messenger RNA in heart and skeletal muscle during pediatric cardiopulmonary bypass [23].
• The ratio of propofol concentration in erythrocytes to that in blood increased by 1.6-fold during cardiopulmonary bypass [20].
• Both rsTF (33 kDa) and pTF (47 kDa), obtained from pericardial wounds of patients having cardiac surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), were studied in association with blood cells and TF-bearing microparticles [24].

Associations of Cardiopulmonary Bypass with chemical compounds

• Cardiopulmonary bypass with a low-molecular-weight heparin fraction [25].
• Retinal microembolism during cardiopulmonary bypass demonstrated by fluorescein angiography [21].
• To test this hypothesis, 10 dogs anesthetized with fentanyl were studied during cardiopulmonary bypass [26].
• Elevated plasma fibrinopeptide A and thromboxane B2 levels during cardiopulmonary bypass [27].
• In 10 of them, preconditioning was elicited after the onset of cardiopulmonary bypass via a 5-minute exposure to isoflurane (2.5 minimum alveolar concentration), followed by a 10-minute washout before aortic cross-clamping and cardioplegic arrest [28].

Gene context of Cardiopulmonary Bypass

• Induction of interleukin-8 expression during cardiopulmonary bypass [29].
• Evidence for development of capillary leak syndrome associated with cardiopulmonary bypass in pediatric patients with the homozygous C4A null phenotype [30].
• Cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) leads to a systemic inflammatory response with secretion of cytokines (e.g. IL-6, TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta and sIL-2R) [31].
• Corticosteroids increase blood interleukin-10 levels during cardiopulmonary bypass in men [32].
• There were small increases in pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1, IL-8 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF) after induction, returning to baseline on induction of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) [33].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Cardiopulmonary Bypass

• In cardiopulmonary-bypass experiments in greyhounds the effects of adding prostacyclin, prostacyclin plus heparin, and heparin alone to the extracorporeal circulation were compared [34].
• METHODS AND RESULTS: Twenty-five patients undergoing coronary bypass surgery with normothermic cardiopulmonary bypass received either preoperative steroid (Solumedrol 250 mg IV, n = 16) or no steroid (n = 9, control group) [35].
• Myocardial VEGF expression after cardiopulmonary bypass and cardioplegia [36].
• FUT-175 was infused at a rate of 40 mg/h during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) along with 300 IU/kg of heparin in 20 patients undergoing aortocoronary bypass surgery (FUT group) [37].
• These results show that transient platelet dysfunction occurring during cardiopulmonary bypass represents activation of platelets independent of alpha or dense granule release and is blocked by potent short-acting inhibition of platelet function using PGI2 infused into the oxygenator apparatus at optimal therapeutic doses [38].

References