Disease relevance of Tilcotil

• The purpose of this study is to compare a combination of interferon (IFN)-alpha2a (Roferon) + Tenoxicam with IFN-alpha2a alone in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C [1].
• There was a significant relationship between the tenoxicam dosage when expressed as mg/kg of body weight and the average steady-state total concentration of tenoxicam in plasma (r = 0.80, P = 0.006); this accounted for a substantial proportion of the intersubject variation [2].
• Additionally, a few small studies in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis suggest that tenoxicam 20mg daily is as effective and as well tolerated as usual therapeutic dosages of diclofenac, ibuprofen, indomethacin and naproxen [3].
• Comparison of tenoxicam and bromazepan in the treatment of fibromyalgia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial [4].
• A 36 year-old male patient was admitted for jaundice and Lyell syndrome starting 1 week after the ingestion of Tenoxicam [5].

Psychiatry related information on Tilcotil

• This study evaluated factors that may influence patient compliance and also confirmed tolerability and efficacy of tenoxicam in routine clinical practice [6].
• There was no evidence to suggest that tenoxicam caused any unwanted side-effects or affected early morning psychomotor performance [7].

High impact information on Tilcotil

• The patients were randomized in two groups, as follows: G1 (n = 76): IFNalpha2a 3 million units times per week during 6 months + placebo; and G2 (n = 73): IFNalpha2a 3 million units three times per week + Tenoxicam (20 mg/day) during 6 months [1].
• The pharmacokinetics of total and unbound concentrations of tenoxicam in synovial fluid and plasma [2].
• Thirteen patients with rheumatoid arthritis (mean +/- SD age 55.8 +/- 10.5 years) received 20 mg of tenoxicam daily for 90 days following a 3-7 day "washout" period and 4 days of placebo treatment [8].
• CYP2C9 genotypes and the pharmacokinetics of tenoxicam in Brazilians [9].
• OBJECTIVE: Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C9, the product of the polymorphic gene CYP2C9, provides the major catabolic pathway for several anti-inflammatory drugs, including tenoxicam [9].

Chemical compound and disease context of Tilcotil

• The antitumor effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, tenoxicam and piroxicam, against sarcoma 180 cells cultured in 7-week-old male mice were examined in vitro under ultrasonic irradiation [10].
• A multicenter study of tenoxicam and diclofenac in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee [11].
• Patients receiving tenoxicam demonstrated significantly lower pruritus and pain scores at 30 min, 2, 4, 8 and 24 h postoperatively as well as reduced pethidine requirements for breakthrough pain in the first 24 h [12].
• In conclusion, tenoxicam 20 mg significantly reduces the incidence and severity of postoperative pruritus in patients who received peri-operative epidural fentanyl [12].
• In this study we evaluated and compared the efficacy of intraarticular application of long-lasting non-steroidal analgesic drug tenoxicam, a long-lasting local anaesthetic bupivacaine and combination of the two on postoperative pain after arthroscopic knee surgery [13].

Biological context of Tilcotil

• A validated HPLC procedure was used for measuring the plasma concentrations of tenoxicam, after single oral doses of 20 mg, administered to 21 individuals with CYP2C9*1/*1 (n = 12), CYP2C9*1/*2 (n = 4), or CYP2C9*1/*3 genotypes (n = 5), confirmed by deoxyribonucleic acid sequencing [9].
• The protein binding of tenoxicam is pH dependent [14].
• The oral bioavailability of tenoxicam is 100% and rectal bioavailability is 80% [15].
• However, in the subgroup of patients undergoing otorhinolaryngology surgery, surgical site bleeding occurred in 18 of 171 (10.5%) patients on tenoxicam and one of 57 (1.8%) on placebo (P=0.026); of these, nine in the tenoxicam group and 0 in the placebo were classified as major (P=0.07) [16].
• In this report we found that: (1) The toxicity of tenoxicam was probably mediated by an immunoallergic mechanism (Lyell syndrome and eosinophils on histology); (2) ductopenia was secondary to inflammatory cholangitis [5].

Anatomical context of Tilcotil

• Total tenoxicam concentrations in synovial fluid were always less than those in plasma, and there was little fluctuation in plasma or synovial concentrations over the dosage interval, although there was substantial inter-subject variation in both concentrations [2].
• Involvement of leukocyte peroxidases in the metabolism of tenoxicam [17].
• Effects of tenoxicam and aspirin on the metabolism of proteoglycans and hyaluronan in normal and osteoarthritic human articular cartilage [18].
• We studied 32 patients undergoing bilateral symmetrical lower third molar surgery under general anaesthesia to determine if the combined effects of pre-emptive local anaesthetic block using 0.5% bupivacaine, together with i.v. tenoxicam and alfentanil had any benefits over postoperative administration [19].
• To investigate the transfer of different NSAIDs via the lymphatic system, pharmacokinetics in plasma and lymph after peroral administration of three model compounds (namely, racemic ibuprofen, tenoxicam, and nabumetone) were investigated in rats [20].

Associations of Tilcotil with other chemical compounds

• Results show that the anti-inflammatory drugs indomethacin, diclofenac, piroxicam, and tenoxicam increase the membrane fluidity in a concentration-dependent manner [21].
• We conclude that patients undergoing total abdominal hysterectomy and receiving fentanyl via patient-controlled analgesia postoperatively do not benefit from tenoxicam pretreatment [22].
• OBJECTIVE: To compare in a 3 month, multicenter, double blind, parallel study the efficacy and safety of a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug, aceclofenac, 100 mg bid orally, with that of tenoxicam, 20 mg orally at bedtime, in the treatment of adult patients with active ankylosing spondylitis (AS) [23].
• It is concluded that neither cimetidine nor probenecid affects the pharmacokinetics of tenoxicam in a clinically important way [24].
• All operations were performed under unmonitored local anesthesia with standardized perioperative analgesia using methadone and tenoxicam [25].

Gene context of Tilcotil

• Expression of recombinant human cyclooxygenase isoenzymes in transfected COS-7 cells in vitro and inhibition by tenoxicam, indomethacin and aspirin [26].
• This indicates that the 5'-hydroxylation of both piroxicam and tenoxicam is predominantly catalyzed by at least one cytochrome P450 isozyme of the CYP2C subfamily [27].
• The aim of this study was to compare the in vivo effects on free radical metabolism of 2 non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): tenoxicam, an oxicam preferentially cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) inhibitor, and celecoxib, a sulfonamide selective COX-2 inhibitor [28].
• Tenoxicam administered orally, rectally or parenterally is an effective analgesic and anti-inflammatory agent for the symptomatic treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, ankylosing spondylitis and various rheumatic conditions such as tendinitis, bursitis, sciatica, back pain and gouty arthritis [29].
• In this study we investigated the effects of Tenoxicam, a type 2 cyclooxygenase (COX-2) inhibitor, on brain damage induced by ischemia-reperfusion [30].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Tilcotil

• All-night polysomnography was performed in a sleep laboratory during the last 2 days of placebo treatment and on days 13, 14, 89, and 90 of tenoxicam treatment [8].
• Tenoxicam is presently undergoing clinical trials [31].
• RESULTS: The incidence of postepidural backache in patients in the control group for the 3 days were 22.8%, 17.4%, and 9.2%, all of which were significantly more frequent than observed in the patients in the tenoxicam group (6.8%, 4.0%, and 1.2%, P < 0.01) [32].
• METHODS: We performed a prospective, randomized, double-blind study to compare the effect of local addition of tenoxicam on the incidence of postepidural backache after nonobstetric surgery [32].
• The local addition of tenoxicam reduces the incidence of low back pain after lumbar epidural anesthesia [32].

References