Disease relevance of Otrivin

• With modern vasoconstrictors, such as oxy- and xylometazoline, the risk of developing rhinitis medicamentosa (RM) has been considered to be small or even nonexistent [1].
• Xylometazoline and porphyria [2].
• The nasal decongestants oxymetazoline and xylometazoline are frequently used in the topical treatment of rhinitis and sinusitis [3].
• Amoxicillin combined with xylometazoline nose drops had no significant effect on recovery from the upper respiratory tract infection, but did have a small but significant effect on recovery from otitis media with effusion [4].
• The compensation of the Ado-induced hypotension by a simultaneous i.v. application of caffeine or xylometazoline did not interfere with the accumulation of AN [5].

High impact information on Otrivin

• Oxymethazoline was shown to be a potent inhibitor of lipid peroxidation (IC50 = 4.9 microM at t = 15 min, IC50 = 8.1 microM at t = 30 min), in contrast to xylomethazoline [6].
• Anti-oxidant actions of oxymethazoline and xylomethazoline were investigated by measuring inhibition of microsomal lipid peroxidation and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity [6].
• Xylometazoline brings about drastic changes in the nasal cavity, both anatomically and physiologically [7].
• HA seems to act as an enhancer/carrier of the active principle, xylometazoline, as already demonstrated for other drugs [8].
• RESULTS: Xylometazoline nose drops had no effect on the ventilatory or the protective function of the eustachian tube [9].

Biological context of Otrivin

• Nasal vasoconstriction induced by xylometazoline and alterations in the blood oxygen content by a maximal breath-holding or breathing 100% oxygen did not alter nasal NO in hypoxia (P = .41) [10].
• When given i.v., efficacious doses of xylometazoline tended to raise blood pressure and be shorter acting than the PGs, which did not affect blood pressure [11].
• Moreover, xylometazoline increased the extravascular component of the coronary vascular resistance by about 4% [12].
• METHODS: The present study measures the effects on mucociliary transport of two ciliary beat frequency-inhibiting compounds (0.1% xylometazoline and 0.9% NaCl) and a ciliary beat frequency enhancer (0.1% salbutamol) [7].
• Xylometazoline reduces the nasal airway resistance for an average 37.3% in all patients and healthy subjects during 8 hours [13].

Anatomical context of Otrivin

• In vitro examination of xylometazoline and CL 116,069 for vasoconstrictor activity on dog isolated mucosa revealed a response profile similar to that observed with these agents in vivo; i.e., the magnitude of response was comparable for both agents but the t 1/2 was only 74 minutes for xylometazoline and greater than 6.5 hours for CL 116,069 [11].
• The nasal mucosa of 20 healthy subjects were examined before, during and after 6 weeks of regular use of xylometazoline nose-drops (1 mg/ml) 0.15 ml three times daily [14].
• Otrivin 0.1% increases transport time more and decreases ciliary beat frequency more than Rhinoguttae xylometazolini 0.1% (F.N.A.). These results support those obtained with the photo-electric registration device applicated on chicken embryo tracheas and human adenoids as described in earlier publications [15].
• Naphazoline nitrate 0.1% and xylometazoline HCl 0.05% have reversible effects on the ciliary beat frequency of both human adenoids and chicken embryo tracheas [16].
• The effect of Xylometazoline on the mucosa of human maxillary sinus [17].

Associations of Otrivin with other chemical compounds

• The object of this double-blind study was to assess the therapeutic effects of a combination of two per cent sodium cromoglycate and 0.025 per cent xylometazoline compared with a matched placebo [18].
• MRI clearly shows a clear cut superiority of xylometazoline over pseudoephedrine concerning decongestion of the nasal mucosa [13].
• When dexpanthenol is therapeutically applied after xylometazoline, effects on cell growth are only one-half of those of the protective approach [19].
• Histamine and xylometazoline were used to alter the degree of mucosal swelling and a cotton plug to alter airflow, in one nasal cavity and resistance measurements were made from its fellow [20].
• The effect of clonidine, naphazoline and xylometazoline on analgesia induced by morphine, codeine, fentanyl and pentazocine, and on cataleptic effect of morphine, codine and fentanyl was studied in rats [21].

Gene context of Otrivin

• Coma in a neonate following single intranasal dose of xylometazoline [22].
• Decongestant effects of nasal xylometazoline and mometasone furoate in persistent allergic rhinitis [23].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Otrivin

• They were divided into the test group which received shea butter, the control group which was treated with xylometazoline and the 'placebo' group which received white petroleum jelly B.P. 4 The results showed that nasal congestion was relieved more satisfactorily in the test group than in the other two groups [24].
• Determination of xylometazoline in plasma and urine by gas chromatography using a fused-silica capillary column and an electron-capture detector [25].
• Fifty-four healthy children (28 male), median age 9.5 years (range 5.9-16.0), performed full forced respiratory maneuvers through: 1) the mouth, 2) the nose, 3) the nose after application of an external stent (Breathe Right (BR) strip), and 4) the nose following instillation of xylometazoline [26].
• There was no correlation between the percentage change in airflow (rhinomanometry) and the percentage change in blood flux (laser Doppler) following xylometazoline [27].
• The assumption was made that the degree of swelling could be related to the degree of decongestive effect of xylometazoline, and measured by acoustic rhinometry [28].

References