Disease relevance of Imidole

• It is reported for the first time that direct electron-transfer processes between a polypyrrole (PPY) entrapped quinohemoprotein alcohol dehydrogenase from Gluconobacter sp. 33 (QH-ADH) and a platinum electrode take place via the conducting-polymer network [1].
• The genotypes of 75 DNA genomic samples from colorectal cancer patients were analyzed side by side using direct DNA sequencing and a polypyrrole DNA chip [2].
• The binding properties of a set of four hybrids, prepared combining from one to four polypyrrole minor groove binders and pyrrolo [2,1-c][1,4]benzodiazepine (PBD), have been studied using as target molecule the HIV-1 TAR-RNA [3].
• Molecularly imprinted polypyrrole-based synthetic receptor for direct detection of bovine leukemia virus glycoproteins [4].
• Electrode arrays were used to electroaddress various bioconjugate structures comprising a recombinant HIV-1 P24 capsid protein (RH24K) in polypyrrole film [5].

High impact information on Imidole

• Interdomain flexibility may aid elongation of the polypyrrole product in the active-site cleft of the enzyme [6].
• Human indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) catalyzes the cleavage of the pyrrol ring of L-Trp and incorporates both atoms of a molecule of oxygen (O2) [7].
• The median neurite length for PC-12 cells grown on PP and subjected to an electrical stimulus was 18.14 micron (n = 5643) compared with 9.5 micron (n = 4440) for controls [8].
• However, PC-12 cells cultured on PP films and subjected to an electrical stimulus through the film showed a significant increase in neurite lengths compared with ones that were not subjected to electrical stimulation through the film and tissue culture polystyrene controls [8].
• In this paper, the electrically conductive polymer--oxidized polypyrrole (PP)--has been evaluated for use as a substrate to enhance nerve cell interactions in culture as a first step toward potentially using such polymers to stimulate in vivo nerve regeneration [8].

Chemical compound and disease context of Imidole

• Torsion angles between adjacent rings in polypyrrole and polythiophene conducting polymers are related to conjugation length and the conductivity properties of the polymer materials [9].

Biological context of Imidole

• A label-free electrochemical detection method for DNA hybridization based on electrostatic modulation of the ion-exchange kinetics of a polypyrrole film deposited at microelectrodes is reported [10].
• The monopyrrole BAM conjugate also produced guanine-N7 alkylation in a similar pattern to BAM [11].
• The synthesis, biological activity, and DNA-binding properties of a series of four hybrids prepared by combining polypyrrole minor groove binders and pyrrolo[2,1-c][1,4]benzodiazepine (PBD) 13, related to the naturally occurring anthramycin (3) and DC-81 (4), have been described, and structure-activity relationships have been discussed [12].
• Detection of single nucleotide polymorphisms by minisequencing on a polypyrrole DNA chip designed for medical diagnosis [13].
• It was found that increased length of the polypyrrole backbone leads to an increased in vitro anti-proliferative effect, i.e. the hybrid 25, containing the four pyrroles distamycin analogous, is more active than 22, 23 and 24 against cell proliferation [3].

Anatomical context of Imidole

• When aortic endothelial cells were cultured on fibronectin-coated polypyrrole (oxidized) in either chemically defined medium or the presence of serum, cells spread normally and synthesized DNA [14].
• In vitro studies demonstrated that extracellular matrix molecules, such as fibronectin, adsorb efficiently onto polypyrrole thin films and support cell attachment under serum-free conditions [14].
• Compared with commercial capillaries that were currently used for in-tube SPME, the PPY-coated capillary showed better extraction efficiency for all of the compounds studied [15].
• With respect to antiproliferative effects, it was found that the increase in the length of the polypyrrole backbone leads to an increase of in vitro antiproliferative effects, i.e., the hybrid 25 containing the four pyrroles is more active than 22, 23, and 24 both against K562 and Jurkat cell lines [12].
• Polypyrrole (PPy) nanotubes with highly uniform surface and tunable wall thickness were fabricated by one-step vapor deposition polymerization (VDP) using anodic aluminium oxide (AAO) template membranes, and transformed into carbon nanotubes through a carbonization process [16].

Associations of Imidole with other chemical compounds

• Overoxidized polypyrrole-coated carbon fiber microelectrodes for dopamine measurements with fast-scan cyclic voltammetry [17].
• Dopamine sensitivity and ascorbate and dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) rejection at the overoxidized polypyrrole-coated electrode were compared to those at carbon fiber electrodes coated with Nafion, a perfluorinated ion-exchange material [17].
• Bioluminescence in all dinoflagellate species studied to date is produced by the luciferase-catalyzed oxidation of a newly elucidated type of luciferin, hypothesized to have a substituted polypyrrole-type structure [18].
• We describe here a new approach to the synthesis of size-controllable polypyrrole/carbon nanotube (CNT) nanocables by in situ chemical oxidative polymerization directed by the cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) or the nonionic surfactant polyethylene glycol mono-p-nonylphenyl ether (Opi-10) [19].
• A noninterference polypyrrole glucose biosensor [20].

Gene context of Imidole

• Keratinocytes stained positive for PCNA (proliferation), K10 (suprabasal differentiation), and K16 (hyperproliferation) markers although cell morphology was poor for organotypical cultures on dermatan- loaded polypyrrole compared with de-epidermalized dermis [21].
• Carrier dynamics in conducting polymers: case of PF6 doped polypyrrole [22].
• The composite CPEs were prepared by in situ generation of polypyrrole (PPy) within a paste containing the enzyme polyphenol oxidase (PPO) [23].
• We describe a method based on polypyrrole DNA chip technology to detect K-ras gene mutations in tumors [2].
• Thus, by coating it with a cross-linked film of catalase and albumin, the upper sensing limit of a peroxidase-incorporated polypyrrole membrane electrode as an H2O2 sensor was raised by approximately 2 orders of magnitude [24].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Imidole

• We synthesized optically transparent polypyrrole thin films and studied them in environments suitable for protein adsorption and mammalian cell culture [14].
• Composite carbon paste biosensor for phenolic derivatives based on in situ electrogenerated polypyrrole binder [23].
• Label-free DNA detection based on modified conducting polypyrrole films at microelectrodes [10].
• Atomic force microscopy demonstrates that polypyrrole grows selectively inside the gold nanotemplates [25].
• METHODS: This technology for studying peptide-antibody interactions is based on polypyrrole-peptide chips and surface plasmon resonance imaging (SPRi) [26].

References