Disease relevance of IGKV1-5

• CD4 contains four extracellular immunoglobulin-like domains, the first of which (V1) is sufficient for HIV binding [1].
• Interestingly, V3, but not V1, was detected in two Wilms' tumor and paired normal kidney specimens [2].
• We have compared the expression of two of these variants (V1 and V3) in several human fetal and postnatal tissues (including liver) as well as in hepatoblastomas (HBs) and hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) [2].
• These proteins function in the elongation step of protein synthesis in an analogous fashion to the L7/L12 ribosomal proteins of E. coli [3].
• The results suggest a model in which antibody access to the CD4bs on the envelope spike of HIV-1 is restricted by the orientation and/or dynamics of the V1/V2 and V3 loops, and b12 avoids these restrictions [4].

Psychiatry related information on IGKV1-5

• Mice that showed complete tumor regression were immune to challenge with the parental cell line 38C13 and V1, a variant of 38C13 that does not express the Id [5].

High impact information on IGKV1-5

• The location of these mutations in the L12 linker, which bisects the alpha-helical rod region of intermediate filament proteins, identifies another keratin mutation cluster leading to hereditary skin fragility syndromes [6].
• Missing links: Weber-Cockayne keratin mutations implicate the L12 linker domain in effective cytoskeleton function [6].
• A 180-kD glycoprotein (gp180) recognized by mAbs B9 and L12 has been identified and shown to be important in CD8+ T cell activation by IEC [7].
• A particularly striking insertion of several lysine/arginine residues occurs in L12 and is called the K-loop [8].
• By the yeast two-hybrid assay with various deletion mutants of PKC, FEZ1 was shown to interact with the NH2-terminal variable region (V1) of PKCzeta and weakly with that of PKCepsilon [9].

Chemical compound and disease context of IGKV1-5

• During progression to AIDS in simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) Mne-infected macaques, viral variants are selected that encode sequences with serine and threonine changes in variable region 1 (V1) of the surface component of the viral envelope protein (Env-SU) [10].
• We found that cleavage with papain releases an Fd-like fragment containing the V1 and V2 CD4 domains; this fragment fully retains the ability to bind to the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein gp120 and to block HIV infection in vitro [11].
• An Escherichia coli mutant, LL103, harboring a mutation (Ser15 to Phe) in ribosomal protein L7/L12 was isolated among revertants of a streptomycin-dependent strain [12].
• Escherichia coli strain KT233 (ogt-, ada-) and mer- HeLa MR cells carrying a V1 sequence exhibited almost the same level of sensitivity against N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), as did those with a wild-type sequence [13].
• During the last 17 years, 494 adults aged 15 to greater than 70 with acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia (ANLL) were treated with one of five successive multiple drug treatment protocols of varying intensity (arabinosylcytosine + 6-thioguanine [n = 36]; L6 [n = 101]; L12 [n = 104]; L14/14M [n = 121]; and L16/16M [n = 132]) [14].

Biological context of IGKV1-5

• Based on nucleotide sequences of twenty unique, expressed IGKV-J combinations, there are at least four IGKV families and two J segments [15].
• Southern blot analysis revealed each IGK-V family contains multiple gene segments totaling at least thirty-five IGKV in the opossum genome [15].
• Finally, we present evidence that the most activating suppressor mutation (G498S) increases Raf-1 activity by introducing a novel phosphorylation site into the L12 activation loop of the Raf-1 kinase domain [16].
• V1 contains three sequences homologous to the antigen-complementarity-determining regions (CDR1 to -3) of immunoglobulin variable domains [1].
• The recently solved structure of protein L7/L12 and its proposed modes of dimerization have helped to understand the structural flexibility of this protein, which occurs as two dimers in the ribosome [17].

Anatomical context of IGKV1-5

• Finally, L12 induced sensitized lymphocytes to produce anti-CA mannan antibodies in vitro in the absence of antigen [18].
• Two T cell tumor clones, L12-R1 and L12-R4, derived from the spontaneously in vitro transformed cell lines L12 originally established from fetal calf serum-primed C57BL/6 spleen cells were found to produce high IFN amounts upon mitogen stimulation [19].
• Using highly purified recombinant gonococcal L12, we show that preincubation of Inv(-) GC with micromolar amounts of rL12 leads to a subsequent five- to eightfold increase in invasion of the human endometrial cell line, Hec1B [20].
• We suggest that in the presence of ATP kinesin's putative microtubule binding regions L8, L12, L11, alpha4, alpha5, and alpha6 form a face complementary in shape to the microtubule surface; in the presence of ADP, the microtubule binding face adopts a more convex shape relative to the ATP-bound form, reducing kinesin's affinity to the microtubule [21].
• Each of V1, V2 and V3 mRNA showed significant decreases in expression in painful and ruptured tendons, but V0 was not significantly changed [22].

Associations of IGKV1-5 with chemical compounds

• Although all three nascent gene products begin with the sequence fMet-Ser, the formation of fMet-Ser can be used to distinguish between the synthesis of beta-lactamase and either L12 or the LS of RbuBPCase by using different serine isoacceptor tRNA species [23].
• To investigate whether other regions in V1 take part in gp120 binding, we substituted alanine for each of 64 amino acids, including all of the hydrophilic residues in this domain [1].
• An analysis of the kinetic properties of FucT III and the III/V1 mutant demonstrated that III/V1 had a 40-fold reduction in its affinity for the H-type 1 acceptor substrate (Fucalpha1,2Galbeta1,3GlcNAc) and 4-fold reduction in its affinity for GDP-fucose when compared with FucT III [24].
• The breakpoint on chromosome 16 was found to cut between the V1 and C3 regions of the lambda locus [25].
• The connection of lipophilic gallic acid derivatives at the 5,5'- or 6,6'-positions of the rigid 2,6-bis(1-ethyl-benzimidazol-2-yl)pyridine core provides two pro-mesogenic tridentate ligands L10 and L12, whose molecular shapes, anisometries, and directional intermolecular pi-stacking can be tuned [26].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of IGKV1-5

• 1) The protein migrated between 150 and 180 kDa in SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and could be resolved by Western blot using mAb B9 or mAb L12 [27].
• Two epithelial specific monoclonal antibodies (mAb), mAb B9 and mAb L12, are potent inhibitors of this mixed epithelial/T cell reaction but not of conventional mixed lymphocyte reactions [27].
• The L7/L12 gene of B. melitensis was amplified by PCR and subcloned in the Escherichia coli pQE30 plasmid [28].
• To understand the structure-function relationship of V1 peptide, its solution conformation was studied using circular dichroism spectroscopy, which showed a random conformation similar to that of the corresponding N-terminus in native vMIP-II [29].
• Northern blot analysis on days 1, 5, and 11 of pseudopregnancy revealed an approximately 2-fold increase in the V-1 messenger RNA (mRNA) expression level on day 5 to that on day 1, and no significant change was observed between those on day 5 and day 11 [30].

References