Disease relevance of Clinical Protocols

• We devised a novel clinical protocol for extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (SCLC), selecting chemotherapy whenever possible on the basis of in vitro drug-sensitivity testing (DST) of individual patients' tumor specimens [1].
• This report describes the prognostic significance of the intensity of surface membrane antigen expression in a series of 1,231 children older than 1 year with newly diagnosed B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) treated on Pediatric Oncology Group (POG) treatment protocols [2].
• Recombinant retroviruses offer many advantages for the genetic modification of human hematopoietic cells, although their use in clinical protocols has thus far given disappointing results [3].
• Based on data from this study, a clinical protocol has been developed for treatment of early relapse ANLL patients with LAK cells cultured for 1 to 3 weeks and systemic IL 2 [4].
• These studies provide a basis for clinical protocols in the treatment of hematopoietic cells in patients with hematologic malignancies and viral diseases by antisense ODN [5].

Psychiatry related information on Clinical Protocols

• Among a subset of 240 subjects with a comparable treatment protocol, smoking cessation rates at the end of nicotine patch therapy were similar in recovering alcoholics (46%) and non-alcoholics (47%) receiving active 22 mg patches but higher than the respective placebo groups (17% and 19%) [6].
• As part of the clinical protocol, patients completed the MOS-HIV-30, from which the Physical Health (PHS) and Mental Health (MHS) summary scores were used for analyses [7].
• It can he applied to detect the presence of cocaine in urine as a marker of its recent use in drug abuse treatment protocols [8].
• These findings can be used to improve the potential of methadone maintenance treatment for HIV risk reduction for women and to aid in developing culturally sensitive treatment protocols [9].
• Because orthostatic blood pressure response is regulated, in part, by central cholinergic and noradrenergic systems, and both are implicated in Alzheimer's disease, PSOP was assessed as a predictor of initial response in Alzheimer's disease outpatients in a treatment protocol with tacrine, a cholinesterase inhibitor [10].

High impact information on Clinical Protocols

• A treatment protocol was introduced in 1979 for patients admitted to Johns Hopkins Hospital with the diagnosis of TTP-HUS [11].
• We successfully induced immune tolerance in patients with such antibodies with a new treatment protocol, which combined factor VIII, cyclophosphamide, and high-dose intravenous IgG, followed by regular prophylactic treatment with factor VIII [12].
• It is clear that the monitoring of parameters other than linear growth to help refine GH therapy should now be incorporated into childhood GH treatment protocols [13].
• A treatment protocol of four doses of 800 nanograms of TGF-beta resulted in v-src-expressing tumors with 100% frequency; four doses of only 10 nanograms still led to tumor formation in 80% of the animals [14].
• Overall, the nonempiric basis for including estramustine in clinical protocols that contain other multidrug-resistant drugs is strengthened by the present data [15].

Chemical compound and disease context of Clinical Protocols

• Mice were treated orally with ciprofloxacin and metronidazole before the development of ileitis (prevention protocol) or after ileitis was fully established (treatment protocol) [16].
• With regard to safety, this study suggests that in clinical protocols amphotropic producer clones should be tested for superinfection interference and VSV-G packaging cells should always be cultured in the presence of AZT [17].
• In order to further explore the mechanisms underlying the development of chemoresistance in ovarian carcinoma after cisplatin treatment, we established an in vitro model, mimicking a clinical protocol of administration of cisplatin [18].
• Thus, the potentially detrimental consequences of steroid therapy for anthrax must be considered in treatment protocols for this disease [19].
• 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine combined with either amsacrine or idarubicin has been applied in a treatment protocol for patients with a relapse of acute myeloid or lymphocytic leukemia [20].

Biological context of Clinical Protocols

• However, since cloning of the IDUA gene, mutation analysis has provided some molecular explanations for the range of MPS-I phenotypes, in turn facilitating the selection and evaluation of patients undergoing experimental treatment protocols such as bone marrow transplantation [21].
• In this review, we examine the current status of our understanding of the metabolism, pharmacokinetics and mechanisms of the antiviral activity of ribavirin against HCV, all of which are central to the rational identification of improved treatment protocols [22].
• Various treatment protocols were used to investigate the time-dependent decrease in sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) in bone marrow cells following treatment of C57Bl/6J X DBA/2J F1 (DB2F1) mice by i.p. injection of cyclophosphamide (15 mg/kg) [23].
• When the THC pretreatment protocol was combined with the simultaneous treatment protocol, 0.5 and 5 micrograms THC/mL, respectively, completely blocked LPS-induced p77 and p82 tyrosine phosphorylation [24].
• Five pregnancies were achieved after the addition of DEX to the treatment protocol [25].

Anatomical context of Clinical Protocols

• PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 553 consecutive assessable patients were enrolled onto a treatment protocol consisting of dexamethasone-containing induction chemotherapy, autologous stem-cell transplantation, consolidation chemotherapy, and maintenance with interferon alfa [26].
• This finding calls into question whether clinical protocols designed to shift beta-cell autoreactive T-cells from a Thl to Th2 cytokine production profile will truly be safe and efficacious in blocking the development of type 1 diabetes in humans [27].
• One day after the conclusion of the treatment protocol, the thoracic aorta was excised, assayed for calcium or cholesterol concentrations, and stained to identify sudanophilic-positive lesions [28].
• To mimic more closely the current clinical protocol, hepatocyte cultures were also co-treated with corticosteroids and cyclosporin A or ketoconazole (a selective inhibitor of P450 3A) [29].
• In multivariate analysis (including treatment protocol, patient age, lymph-node involvement, tumor size, histological grade, ER and PgR status), TK status was found to be an independent prognostic factor for recurrence-free survival in pre/peri-menopausal patients with a weight similar to that of PgR status [30].

Associations of Clinical Protocols with chemical compounds

• METHODS: Tumor tissues were harvested from patients immediately before they entered a cisplatin- or carboplatin-based treatment protocol [31].
• Two treatment protocols were followed: (a) 3-mo-old mice received 6 mg of androgen, and (b) 6-mo-old mice were castrated and given 12 mg of androgen [32].
• 108 children with standard-risk acute lymphocytic leukaemia (ALL) were randomised to a post-induction treatment protocol including 15 doses of intermediate-dose methotrexate (1000 mg/m2) in addition to conventional oral therapy of mercaptopurine and low-dose methotrexate [33].
• A series of 31 patients with probable SARS, diagnosed from WHO criteria, were treated according to a treatment protocol consisting of antibacterials and a combination of ribavirin and methylprednisolone [34].
• Although current treatment protocols involving nitroimidazoles are curative, metronidazole resistance is on the rise, outlining the need for research into alternative antibiotics [35].

Gene context of Clinical Protocols

• The effects of both LPS and IFN-gamma were also independent of protein synthesis because inclusion of cycloheximide in the treatment protocol did not abrogate either the inductive or the suppressive effects [36].
• The IL-10 treatment protocol employed did not suppress the systemic cellular or humoral immune responses to viral Ag, nor was the rate of HSV-1 clearance from the eye different from that seen in the controls [37].
• We studied a treatment protocol consisting of five repetitive cycles of high-dose recombinant (rh) IL-2 (24 x 10(6) U/m2/day) administered weekly on two consecutive days by continuous intravenous infusion [38].
• Serum levels of interleukin-2 soluble receptor alpha (IL-2sR alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) were determined both before and during neuroleptic administration in an 8-week treatment protocol for schizophrenia [39].
• Several TNFR superfamily members are also candidates for novel treatment protocols, including CD30 and CD40 [40].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Clinical Protocols

• In the early treatment protocol, heart weight was 67 +/- 14 mg in the captopril-treated group versus 98 +/- 17 mg in the control group (p less than 0.0001) [41].
• The treatment protocol consisted of three courses of a 4-day continuous fluorouracil infusion, a single cisplatin bolus injection, and concurrent split-course radiotherapy [42].
• These results strongly suggest that roscovitine may be an effective therapeutic agent against ESFT and recommend its evaluation against ESFT in clinical trials and its inclusion in future treatment protocols [43].
• Micropuncture studies of rats performed using a similar treatment protocol demonstrated greater reduction of glomerular capillary hydraulic pressure with OMA than with ENA, at similar mean arterial pressures [44].
• FVIII gene therapy has the potential to improve the current treatment protocols [45].

References